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ABSTRAK
Tesis ini mengkaji pengungkapan lingkungan environmental disclosure pada perusahaan pertambangan di Indonesia dalam laporan keberlanjutan sustainability report . Tujuan kajian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana pola, tren, dan sejauh mana pengungkapan lingkungan disampaikan, serta kaitannya dengan teori-teori sustainability report. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis isi content analysis deskriptif-interpretatif dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak lima perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pertambangan, yaitu PT Antam Tbk., PT Kaltim Prima Coal, PT Petrosea Tbk., PT Vale Indonesia Tbk., dan PT Pertamina. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder berupa Laporan Keberlanjutan Sustainability Report yang dipublikasi perusahaan dalam kurun periode tahun 2010 sampai dengan 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kesamaan dalam pola pengungkapan lingkungan perusahaan, informasi utama yang paling banyak diungkapkan adalah mengenai emisi dan limbah. Tren pengungkapan lingkungan sepanjang tahun pengamatan secara umum mengalami peningkatan dan berbanding lurus dengan jumlah publikasi pemberitaan di media massa mengenai permasalahan lingkungan yang dihadapi perusahaan. Tipe pengungkapan secara umum juga lebih banyak diungkapkan secara murni narasi dan nonfinansial yang menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kedalaman pengungkapan masih cukup rendah. Hasil temuan ini mendukung beberapa temuan dan teori sebelumnya bahwa pola, tren dan tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan dipengaruhi oleh ukuran serta profil perusahaan dalam kerangka teori legitimasi, artinya pengungkapan lingkungan yang dilakukan dimotivasi oleh upaya menciptakan citra positif demi mendapatkan legitimasi dari publik.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis is to examine the environmental disclosure of Indonesian mining company through their sustainability report. The purpose of this study is to understand the patterns, trends and extent of the environmental disclosure, and the association with existing theories of sustainability report. The method used in this research is descriptive interpretative content analysis with a total sample of five mining companies, which are PT Antam Tbk., PT Kaltim Prima Coal, PT Petrosea Tbk., PT Vale Indonesia Tbk., and PT Pertamina. The data used in this research is secondary from Sustainability Report published by the companies within the period of 2010 to 2013. Results of this study showed that there are similarities on the corporate environmental disclosure patterns, that most of the disclosed information is related to emissions and waste. The finding showed that environmental disclosure trend during the study period increased in general which consistent with the number of news publication related corporate environmental issue in mass media. The finding also showed that the type of disclosure mostly disclosed in pure narrative and non financial, which mean that the level of environmental disclosure is still low in general. This finding support the theory and findings of previous research that the patterns, trends, and level of corporate environmental disclosure is influenced by the size and the profile of company within the framework of legitimacy theory, which means that the environmental disclosure is motivated by corporate rsquo s effort to create positive image in order to gain legitimacy from the public.

Abstrak :
Skripsi ini membahas mengenai struktur kepemilikan, mekanisme tatakelola perusahaan, dan kinerja lingkungan pada PROPER dan komite CG dan CSR serta pengaruhnya terhadap tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan dalam laporan tahunan berdasarkan pedoman GRI. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan data panel dengan model Random Effect. Dalam penelitian ini terbukti bahwa kepemilikan negara dan kinerja lingkungan memiliki hubungan dan pengaruh positif terhadap tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan. Sedangkan kepemilikan keluarga, kepemilikan institusi domestik, kepemilikan negara, kepemilikan asing, komisaris independen, dan rapat komite audit tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pengungkapan lingkungan yang berkualitas mampu merepresentasikan kinerja lingkungan. ......This study about a quality of environmental disclosure in annual report based on GRI guidelines linked with ownership structures, corporate governance, and environmental performance, proxy on the PROPER assessment, governance and CSR committe. This study is quantitative research with data panel. Hypothesis is tested using Random Effect Model.The results of the study give empiric evidence that government ownership, environmental performance have a positive and significant effect on the environmental disclosure. But, familly ownership, institutional ownership, foreign ownership, proportion of independent commissioner, audit and committe meeting frequency have no significant effect. This result indicate that there is a positive relation between environmental disclosure with the environmental performance.

Abstrak :
This title of this research was "the impact of corporate characteristics to environmental disclosure" (case study at non-financial companies listed in Indonesia stock exchange). The aim of this research is to examine the impact of company size, profitability, stock exchange listing and environmental performance.

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[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh tingkat efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit serta kepemilikan keluarga terhadap luasnya pengungkapan lingkungan pada perusahaan-perusahaan publik yang terdaftar di dalam Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI). Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi data panel model fixed effect dengan total sampel sebanyak 222 perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode tahun 2008 sampai dengan tahun 2012. Hasil dari penelitian ini menemukan bahwa rata-rata tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan adalah sebesar 3,38% yang menunjukkan tingkat pengungkapan lingkungan masih relatif rendah yang kemungkinan disebabkan belum ada ketentuan mengenai apa saja yang harus diungkapkan terkait pengungkapan lingkungan. Rata-rata skor efektivitas dewan komisaris dan komite audit berada pada kategori ‘fair’. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa efektivitas dewan komisaris dan efektivitias komite audit memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan, sedangkan kepemilikan keluarga memiliki pengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap pengungkapan lingkungan.

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ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure.;The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure.;The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure., The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of the level of board commissioner and audit committee effectiveness as well as family ownership of the extent of environmental disclosure in public listed companies at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study use fixed effects model of panel regression for hypothesis testing, with a total sample of 222 listed companies at Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period of 2008 to 2012. The findings reveal that the average level of environmental disclosure of is at 3.38% which relatively is stil very low. This may due to there is no mandatory requirement on what to disclose in environmental disclosure. The average score of the board of commissioner and audit committee effectiveness are in the 'fair' category. In addition, this study also reveals that the board of commissioner effectiveness and audit committee effectiveness have a positive and significant impact on environmental disclosure, while family ownership have negative and significant impact on environmental disclosure.]

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh signifikan pengungkapan lingkungan terhadap nilai perusahaan dan biaya modal ekuitas. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah pengungkapan lingkungan secara sukarela yang diukur dengan menggunakan Indeks Clarkson et al. 2008 . Penelitian ini merupakan studi empiris pada perusahaan non-keuangan yang terdaftar di bursa efek Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah regresi dengan menggunakan data panel sebanyak 526 observasi pada tahun 2013-2014. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh signifikan negatif pengungkapan lingkungan terhadap nilai perusahaan dan terdapat pengaruh positif pengungkapan lingkungan terhadap biaya modal ekuitas. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena investor di Indonesia menilai peningkatan pengungkapan lingkungan sebagai disinsentif perusahaan dengan adanya pengeluaran biaya pengungkapan lingkungan yang besar, sehingga dinilai kurang profitable. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa pengungkapan lingkungan jenis hard, bersifat positif dan netral, serta jenis dan sifat hard dan positif serta hard dan negatif memiliki pengaruh negatif terhadap nilai perusahaan. Sedangkan pengungkapan jenis soft, bersifat positif, serta dengan jenis dan sifat soft dan positif memiliki dampak positif terhadap biaya modal ekuitas.

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ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are significant impact of environmental disclosure to firm value and cost of equity. This research is empirical study and conducted on non financial companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method used in this research is regression using panel data with 526 observations at non financial companies for the periode of 2013 2014. The sampel in this study were analyzed using STATA and Eviews software. This study concludes that there is negative significant impact of environmental dsiclosure to firm value and there is positive significant impact of environmental disclosure to cost of equity. This result could happen because Investor in Indonesia responses the increases of environmental disclosure as a disincentives of a company, which increase environmental disclosure expense that cause the company looks not profitable. This study also finds that there different impact of different environmental disclosure type and nature on firm value and cost of equity. this study also found that the type of hard environmental disclosure, the nature of positive and netral disclosure, and also type dan nature of hard dan positive and hard dan negative disclosure have a negative impact on firm value. While the type of soft environmental disclosure, the nature of positive disclosure, and also type dan nature of soft dan positive disclosure have a positive impact on cost of equity.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh pengungkapan Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) terhadap kinerja dan nilai pasar perusahaan sektor energi di ASEAN+6, pandemi Covid-19 sebagai faktor pemoderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi data panel untuk 53 perusahaan dengan periode 2011 hingga 2022. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa skor penilaian pengungkapan ESG kombinasi berefek negatif terhadap kinerja (ROA dan ROE), namun tidak memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap nilai pasar (Tobin's Q dan price-to-book). Dimana, Governance berdampak negatif terhadap profitabilitas, menunjukkan upaya perusahaan untuk mencapai kepatuhan Good Corporate Governance (GCG) dapat menyebabkan pengambilan risiko yang konservatif, berpotensi mengakibatkan peluang bisnis yang terlewatkan. Terakhir, pandemi Covid-19 terbukti memiliki dampak positif pada hubungan antara ESG dan kinerja, menunjukkan bahwa praktik ESG dapat perusahaan lebih dapat bertahan pada periode krisis. ......This study examines the impact of Environmental, Social, Governance (ESG) disclosures on the performance and market value of companies in the energy sector in the ASEAN+6, with Covid-19 serving as a moderating factor. Using panel data regression to 53 companies, this research period spanning from 2011 to 2022. Findings indicate that the overall ESG disclosures has a negative effect on profitability (ROA and ROE) and does not exhibit a significant impact on market value (Tobin's Q and price-to-book). Governance disclosure has a negative impact on profitability, indicating that efforts to achieve Good Corporate Governance (GCG) compliance may lead to conservative risk-taking, potentially resulting in missed business opportunities. Lastly, Covid-19 demonstrates a positive impact on the ESG-performance relationship, suggesting that ESG practices enable companies to better withstand crisis periods.