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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Kehilangan gigi merupakan penyakit utama rongga mulut. Berkurangnya jumlah gigi akan menurunkan kemampuan mastikasi dan menyebabkan pemilihan makanan yang berujung pada kurangnya asupan nutrisi. Nutrisi yang buruk dapat berakibat pada perubahan indeks massa tubuh (IMT). Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara kemampuan mastikasi dan IMT. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode potong lintang pada 129 subjek berusia 34-80 tahun. Subjek diukur tinggi badan dan berat badannya, diwawancara menggunakan kuisioner kemampuan mastikasi dan dilakukan pemeriksaan intra oral. Analisis Chi Square digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kemampuan mastikasi, kehilangan gigi, pemakaian gigi tiruan, usia, jenis kelamin dan status ekonomi dengan IMT. Hasil penelitian: Kemampuan mastikasi tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan IMT (p=0,963). Ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dengan IMT (p=0,028). Kesimpulan: Usia mempengaruhi indeks massa tubuh.

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ABSTRACT
Background: Tooth loss is a major disease of the oral cavity. The primary function of teeth is mastication. Decreasing number of teeth will reduce the masticatory performance and causing food selection which leads to lack of nutrition. Poor nutrition resulted changes in body mass index (BMI). Objective: To analyze the relationship between masticatory performance and BMI. Methods: The study was conducted with a cross-sectional method on 129 subjects age 34-80 years. Subject was measured their height and weight, then interviewed using a questionnaire about masticatory performance and intra oral examination was conducted. Chi square was used to analyse the relation between the masticatory performance, tooth loss, denture wearer, age, gender, economic status with BMI. Result: Masticatory performance was not significantly associated with BMI (p = 0.963). A significant association was found between age and BMI (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Age affects the body mass index.

Abstrak :
Objektif: Pengurangan pada jumlah gigi posterior dapat dihubungkan dengan asupan nutrisi, status nutrisi, dan kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia. Penelitian sebelumnya mengenai hubungan antara kehilangan gigi, asupan nutrisi, status nutrisi, dan kemampuan mastikasi. Metode: Total 158 subjek berusia diatas 60 tahun di kota Depok, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Gigi posterior dibagi menjadi 2 grup berdasarkan Index Eichner; grup A2-B3 dan grup B4-C3. Untuk pengukuran asupan nutrisi dilakukan menggunakan semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire dengan mengukur jumlah kalori, dan untuk mengukur status nutrisi menggunakan Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Hasil: 74% subjek perempuan, 26% laki-laki. Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada nilai rata-rata kemampuan mastikasi (p = 0.000), Eichner grup A2-B3 (5.66 ± 1.80) dan B4-3 (3.20 ± 1.25). Namun, tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara status nutrisi dan asupan nutrisi pada kedua grup Eichner. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kehilangan gigi berhubungan dengan kemampuan mastikasi, namun tidak pada status nutrisi ataupun asupan nutrisi pada lansia.

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Objective: A reduction in the number of posterior teeth is associated with diminished nutrition intake, nutritional status, and masticatory performance in the elderly. Previous studies on the relationships between tooth loss, nutrition intake, nutritional status, and masticatory performance have yield varying results. Methods: A total of 158 subjects aged 60 years and older from Depok, West Java, Indonesia were enrolled in the study. Posterior tooth contacts were assessed based, and the subjects were accordingly divided into two groups based on the Eichner Index; group A2-B3 and group B4-C3. A semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to measure nutritional intake in the form of total calories, and the Mini-Nutritional Assessment-Short Form was used to measure nutritional status. Results: Seventy-four percent of participants were females, and the remaining (26%) were males. A significant difference in the mean masticatory performance score (p = 0.000) was noted between Eichner group A2-B3 (5.66 ± 1.80) and B4-C3 (3.20 ± 1.25). However, no statistically significant differences in nutritional status and calorie intake were noted between the two groups. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the number of teeth lost is related to mastication, but not to nutritional status or calorie intake in the elderly.