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Abstrak :
This research was conducted to study the effect of the mixtures of sago waste and chicken excreta fermented utilization in rations on broiler performance, carcass physical quality as well as the meat chemical quality. The mixture of sago waste and chicken excreta was fermented in 48 hours using effective microorganism-4. The research was biological experiment using the respective fermented materials in broiler rations with level of 0% (R0), 4% (Rl), 8% (R2) and 12% (R3). Each dietary treatment had five replications of five broiler chickens each. Variables was observed were broiler performance (feed consumption, body weight gain and feed conversion), carcass physical quality (live weight, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage) and chemical quality of meat (water contents, fat and protein). Data were analysed using Analysis of Variance of one way Completely Randomized Design, and differences between means were tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The results indicated that the use of fermented mixtures up to 8% in broiler rations had increased body weight, live weight and carcass percentage, and fat flesh content and it was better than birds receiving control ration. The use of 12% fermented materials in the ration had no significant effect on feed consumption, abdominal fat percentage, as well as water contents and protein of the flesh.

Abstrak :
Industri pencucian pakaian dan alat rumah tangga lainnya (laundry) merupakan salah satu usaha yang menjamur di beberapa kota besar di Indonesia, khususnya kota Depok. Air limbah laundry yang dihasilkan akan merusak lingkungan jika dibuang ke badan air tanpa pengolahan khusus, sehingga diperlukan tindakan pencegahan pencemaran badan air melalui pengolahan air limbah dengan FBR menggunakan EM4 dan reaktan CaCl2 dengan media pasir silika. Pada penelitian ini, air limbah yang digunakan berasal dari air hasil cucian pada Laundry House Ajeng, Depok. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efisiensi penyisihan COD, BOD, dan fosfat pada air limbah laundry serta HRT optimumnya yang akan digunakan sebagai desain usulan di lapangan. Pada penelitian ini, FBR dioperasikan secara kontinyu dan air limbah dialirkan secara upflow dengan variasi HRT 1 hari dan 2 hari. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, FBR mampu menurunkan konsentrasi COD, BOD, dan fosfat mencapai 87,18%; 85,22%; dan 71,17%, dengan HRT 2 hari. Berdasarkan uji t-test yang dilakukan, variasi HRT 1 hari dan 2 hari mempengaruhi efisiensi penyisihan COD secara signifikan, namun tidak mempengaruhi efisiensi penyisihan BOD dan fosfat. Aplikasi di lapangan dengan debit eksisting 3 m3/hari membutuhkan unit FBR dengan diameter 0,75 meter dan tinggi total 4,75 meter. ......Laundry Industry in Indonesia are increasing, especially in Depok. Laundry wastewater potentially damage the environment if discharged into the stream without any treatment, hence on-site wastewater treatment with Fluidized Bed Reactor (FBR) using EM4 and CaCl2 with silica sand media is needed to avoid water pollution. In this study, laundry wastewater sample comes from Laundry House Ajeng, Depok. This study aims to determine removal efficiency COD, BOD, and phosphate concentration of laundry wastewater and optimum HRT to be used for unit design of FBR in the field. In this study, FBR operated continuously and streamed upflow with HRT variation 1 day and 2 days. Based on the result, FBR is able to decrease the concentration of BOD, COD, and phosphate reached 87,18%; 85,12%; and 71,17%, on 2 days HRT. Based on t-test, the variation of HRT (1 day and 2 days) influence removal efficiency of COD significantly, but does not influence the removal efficiency of BOD and phosphate. Applications in the field with 3 m3/day wastewater flowrate requires FBR unit with 0,7 meter diameter and 4,4 meter total height.

Abstrak :
Sampah sisa makanan menjadi salah satu masalah di Universitas Indonesia karena belum terdapat metode yang efektif dan efisien dalam pengelolaan limbah kantin dari fakultas-fakultas yang ada. Salah satu teknik pengelolaan limbah kantin adalah dengan pengomposan menggunakan larva Black Soldier Fly (BSF). Adanya proses fermentasi dan penguraian bahan kompleks oleh mikroorganisme pada substrat organik mampu mengoptimalkan daya biokonversi larva BSF. Namun, hingga saat ini, penelitian terkait pengaruh fermentasi limbah kantin terhadap efektivitas biokonversinya dengan larva BSF belum ditemukan sehingga penelitian ini perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh perlakuan durasi fermentasi limbah kantin dengan mikroorganisme EM4 terhadap efektivitas biokonversi limbah kantin menggunakan larva BSF dan juga kandungan kompos yang dihasilkan berdasarkan standar SNI 19-7030-2004. Metode penelitian yang digunakan, yakni berupa kombinasi fermentasi EM4 dengan perbedaan perlakuan durasi (0, 5, dan 10 hari) serta larva BSF sebagai agen pengomposan pada limbah kantin. Analisis data dilakukan terhadap berat biomassa larva BSF dan kompos, substrate consumption, growth rate, bioconversion rate, waste reduction index, serta analisis kandungan unsur hara kompos. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas biokonversi larva BSF tertinggi didapatkan oleh perlakuan durasi fermentasi limbah kantin dengan EM4 selama 10 hari (F10) dengan berat biomassa total larva BSF sebesar 50,09 gram; nilai bioconversion rate sebesar 24,55%; nilai waste reduction index (WRI) sebesar 10,79%; dan berat kompos sebesar 27,38 gram. Sementara itu, sebagian besar kandungan unsur hara kompos pada semua perlakuan sudah sesuai dengan standar SNI 19-7030-2004, kecuali nilai kadar C-organik pada perlakuan F10 serta nilai rasio C/N pada semua perlakuan lainnya (F0, F5, F10, KL dan KF). Pada penelitian ini, didiskusikan juga potensi biokonversi dan peluang bioekonomi pengelolaan limbah kantin FMIPA UI dengan larva BSF. ......Food waste management has become one of the issues at the University of Indonesia due to the lack of an effective and efficient method in managing canteen waste from existing faculties. One common technique in food waste management is composting using larvae of Black Soldier Fly (BSF). The fermentation process and decomposition of complex substances by microorganisms in the organic substrate can optimize the bioconversion efficiency of BSF larvae. However, studies related to the influence of canteen waste fermentation on the effectiveness of bioconversion with BSF larvae have not been discovered to date. Hence, further study regarding this subject is necessary. This study aimed to identify the effects of canteen waste fermentation treatment with EM4 microorganisms on the effectiveness of canteen waste bioconversion using BSF larvae and the content quality of the resulting compost based on the SNI 19-7030-2004 standard. The method used in this study is combining EM4 fermentation with different durations treatment (0, 5, and 10 days) and BSF larvae as composting agent on canteen waste. Data analysis included the weight of BSF larvae biomass and compost, substrate consumption, growth rate, bioconversion rate, waste reduction index, and content quality analysis of the compost. The results showed that the highest effectiveness of bioconversion by BSF larvae was obtained with a 10-day EM4 fermentation treatment (F10). The total biomass of F10 BSF larvae reached 50,09 grams; with bioconversion rate of 24,55%; waste reduction index of 10,79%; and a compost weight of 27,38 grams. Meanwhile, most of the content qualities in the compost for all treatments were following the SNI 19-7030-2004 standard, except for the C-organic content value in the F10 treatment and the C/N ratio values in all other treatments (F0, F5, F10, KL, and KF). In this study, the bioconversion potency and the bioeconomic opportunities of managing the waste from the FMIPA UI canteen using BSF larvae were also discussed.