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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pada tahun 1639-1853 Jepang melakukan kebijakan sakoku (鎖国) atau kebijakan tutup negeri yang selama kebijakan itu berlangsung, masyarakat di luar Jepang dilarang masuk kedalam negeri, dan masyarakat Jepang pun dilarang untuk pergi keluar negeri. Namun, pada masa tersebut, Jepang tidak sepenuhnya menutup negerinya. Mereka menggunakan salah satu pulau buatan yang bernama Dejima. Dejima terletak di pelabuhan Nagasaki. Pada awalnya, Dejima dibuat untuk dijadikan tempat mengisolasi seluruh orang Portugis dan para Jesuit Spanyol yang berada di seluruh penjuru Jepang, untuk mencegah mereka melakukan kegiatan dan misi-misi misionaris yang dianggap dapat mengganggu tatanan keshogunan Jepang. Lokasinya yang menjorok keluar dari Jepang, dan penjagaan yang kuat mampu membuat pergerakan Portugis dan Spanyol di Jepang dapat dikendalikan oleh pemerintah Jepang. Setelah Portugis dan Spanyol benar-benar keluar dari Jepang, Dejima yang kosong tersebut diisi oleh orang-orang Belanda karena Jepang masih khawatir akan orang-orang Barat walaupun Belanda berjanji tidak melakukan misi misionaris dan hanya murni berdagang. Seluruh kegiatan perdagangan dengan Belanda dipindahkan ke Dejima. Jepang pada saat sakoku hanya melakukan hubungan luar negeri dengan Belanda dan Cina. Setelah itu, Dejima dijadikan satu-satunya tempat yang dibuka untuk bangsa asing saat sakoku berlangsung.

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ABSTRACT
In year 1639-1853, Japan applied a sakoku policy (鎖国) or closed country policy, during that period, foreigners not allowed to come to Japan, and the Japanese not allowed to leave Japan. Actually, the Japanese not fully closed their country. They used one artificial island called Dejima Island, the island jutting out from Nagasaki harbor. They used the island to isolating all Portuguese and Spanish Jesuit, to prevent them performed Missionaries mission and other activities in whole Japan which believed will disturbed the Japanese shogunates order. The location of the island and due to Japanese strong guard made the Portuguese and Spanishs movements can be easily controlled by the government. Being isolated the Portuguese and Spanish left the Japan. Then the Dutch came and knowing the Japanese still afraid with West people they promised not to do missionaries and other activities except trading. By then all the trading activities with Dutch located at Dejima Island. The Japanese only deals with the Netherland and China in Dejima Island and after that, it become the only place that open for foreigner during the sakoku period.

Abstrak :
Japan and the Netherlands have maintained a special relationship for about 300 years since the adoption of the National Seclusion policy, the so-called sakoku by the Tokugawa shogunate (1603-1867). The Dutch began trading with Japan and engaging with Japanese society in 1600, when a Dutch ship, De Liefde, arrived in Kyushu. The Tokugawa government measures regarding foreign policy included regulations on foreign access to Japan and a prohibition on Japanese going abroad. Between the middle of the seventeenth to the early nineteenth century, Japan was characterized by a stable political pattern in which representatives of the VOC (Dutch East India Company), were the only Europeans with a right to trade in Japan. In the course of this period, the Japanese evaluation of the Dutch changed from regarding them as commercial agents to seeing them as importers of European knowledge. This paper is especially concerned with the influence of the so-called ?Dutch Studies? (rangaku) on the early modernization of Japan, especially with regard to medicine and the natural sciences. This research examines the development of rangaku and the trading between Japan and VOC at Dejima