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ABSTRAKPekerja merupakan kelompok usia produktif yang berisiko terhadap penyakit
tidak menular karena gaya hidup yang tidak sehat. Sebagian besar waktu bangun
pekerja akan dihabiskan di tempat kerja dengan aktivitas sedenter berupa duduk.
Waktu menjadi kendala utama bagi pekerja melakukan latihan fisik demi
meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani, yang diketahui berbanding lurus dengan
produktivitas. Salah satu fokus intervensi adalah peningkatan latihan fisik pekerja
pada jam kerja. Beberapa upaya telah dilakukan sebelumnya, namun belum ada
alat latihan kardiorespirasi yang ergonomis dan mampu laksana bagi pekerja.
Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan model alat latihan kardiorespirasi
yang secara efektif dapat meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani pekerja duduk.
Penelitian terdiri dari tiga tahap, yaitu tahap pengembangan, tahap penentuan
validitas, dan tahap pembuktian efektivitas model alat latihan. Kedua tahap awal
menggunakan rancang penelitian potong lintang, sedangkan tahap akhir
menggunakan rancang kuasi eksperimental. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan pada
populasi pekerja duduk di Jabodetabek.
Peneliti mendapatkan 3 aspek yang memengaruhi pencapaian denyut nadi
optimal, dengan model regresi yang menjelaskan 86,2% variasi pencapaian
denyut nadi latihan optimal (R2 = 0,862). Selain itu, didapatkan protokol dan
formula uji ukur daya tahan kardiorespirasi untuk memprediksi nilai VO2maks
dengan model alat latihan yang mempunyai tingkat akurasi dan presisi baik. Pada
implementasi, didapatkan peningkatan nilai prediksi VO2maks pada kelompok
perlakuan di akhir minggu ke-12 dengan selisih rerata 1,21 (2,4) mL/kg/menit
(p < 0,005) dan tingkat pemenuhan sesi latihan sebesar 39,7% dari total sesi yang
diharapkan. Sementara itu, terjadi penurunan nilai prediksi VO2maks sebesar 2,8
(2,8) mL/kg/menit (p < 0,005) pada kelompok kontrol.
Penggunaan model alat latihan kardiorespirasi berbasis pijak kaki Kinesia pada
program latihan fisik berbasis tempat kerja dikatakan valid (r > 0,3) dan reliabel
(r-alpha > 0,6) untuk meningkatkan daya tahan kardiorespirasi pekerja duduk.
ABSTRACTWorkers are a productive age group who are at risk of non-communicable
diseases because of an unhealthy lifestyle. Most of the workers waking time will
be spent in the workplace with a sedentary activity in the form of sitting. Time is a
major obstacle for workers doing physical exercise in order to improve physical
fitness, which is known to be directly proportional to productivity. One of the
focuses of the intervention is to increase the physical exercise of workers during
working hours. Several efforts have been made before, but there is no ergonomic
cardiorespiratory training devices yet that able to do by workers.
The purpose of study was to obtain a model of cardiorespiratory exercise devices
that effectively improve physical fitness of sitting workers. It consists of three
stages, namely the development phase, the stage of determining the validity, and
the stage of proving the effectiveness of the exercise model. The first two stages
use a cross-sectional design, while the final stage uses a quasi-experimental
design. The sample selection was carried out in the sitting working population in
Jabodetabek.
The researcher obtained 3 aspects that influenced the achievement of optimal
exercise heart rate, with a regression model that explained 86.2% variation in the
achievement of optimal exercise heart rate (R2 = 0.862). In addition, the
cardiorespiratory endurance test protocol and formulas was obtained to predict
VO2max values with a training tool model that had good accuracy and precision.
In implementation, it was found an increase in the predictive value of VO2max in
the treatment group at the end of the 12th week with an average difference of 1.21
(2.4) mL/kg/minute (p < 0.005) with a training session fulfillment rate of 39.7%
of the total expected session. Meanwhile, in the control group there was a
decrease in the predicted value of VO2max of 2.8 (2.8) mL/kg/minute (p < 0.005).
It was concluded that the use of Kinesia foot rest-based cardiorespiratory
exercise devices model in workplace-based physical training program is said to
be valid (r > 0.3) and reliable (r-alpha > 0.6) to increase the cardiorespiratory
endurance of sitting workers."
