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"Bioenergi dengan Penangkapan dan Penyimpanan Karbon (BECCS) merupakan teknologi net-negatif yang mampu menghasilkan energi terbarukan sekaligus menyerap emisi CO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efisiensi energi, intensitas emisi CO2-ek, biaya pokok produksi listrik (LCOE), dan biaya penghindaran karbon dari sistem BECCS berbasis biohidrogen dan biometana yang dihasilkan melalui proses digesti anaerobik dua tahap terhadap POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent). Dilakukan simulasi sistem dua reaktor CSTR menggunakan Aspen Plus, dimana reaktor pertama menghasilkan H2 dan reaktor kedua menghasilkan CH4. Aspen HYSYS digunakan untuk simulasi gas sweetening hingga penangkapan CO2. Aliran gas dimurnikan melalui proses Thiopaq menggunakan kolom absorpsi NaOH dan bioreaktor regenerasi. Gas bersih kemudian dibakar dalam gas engine, menghasilkan listrik 2,2 MWh dan flue gas yang ditangkap menggunakan larutan MDEA. Gas CO2 selanjutnya dikompresi dan didehidrasi menggunakan TEG, lalu diinjeksikan ke reservoir geologis di Central Sumatra Basin, tepatnya di sumur injeksi Kab. Kampar, Riau. Pendekatan lingkungan dilakukan menggunakan metode life cycle assessment (LCA) dengan batasan sistem cradle to grave, sedangkan pendekatan ekonomi menggunakan metode LCOE. Hasil menunjukkan efisiensi energi sistem sebesar 23,98%, intensitas emisi sebesar −25,67 kg CO₂ek/MWh, LCOE sebesar USD 151,40/MWh, dan biaya penghindaran karbon sebesar USD 71,69/ton CO2.

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Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) is a net-negative technology capable of generating renewable energy while simultaneously capturing CO₂ emissions. This study aims to evaluate the energy efficiency, CO₂-equivalent emission intensity, levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), and cost of avoided carbon from a BECCS system based on biohydrogen and biomethane produced through a two-stage anaerobic digestion process of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). A two-reactor CSTR system was simulated using Aspen Plus, where the first reactor produces H₂ and the second reactor produces CH₄. Aspen HYSYS was used to simulate the gas sweetening process through to CO₂ capture. The gas stream was purified using the Thiopaq process, which consists of a NaOH absorption column and a bioreactor for solvent regeneration. The cleaned gas was then combusted in a gas engine, generating 2.2 MWh of electricity and flue gas, which was captured using an MDEA solution. The captured CO₂ was subsequently compressed and dehydrated using TEG before being injected into a geological reservoir in the Central Sumatra Basin, specifically into an injection well located in Kampar Regency, Riau. The environmental assessment was conducted using a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA), while the economic assessment used the LCOE approach. The results showed an overall energy efficiency of 23,98%, a net CO₂-equivalent emission of −25,67 kg CO₂eq/MWh, an LCOE of USD 151,40/MWh, and a carbon avoidance cost of USD 71,69/ton CO₂."

"Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) memiliki potensi besar dalam mengurangi emisi karbon dari atmosfer hingga dapat mencapai emisi negatif. Teknologi ini dapat diintegrasikan pada sistem poligenerasi pembangkit listrik biomassa dan green chemicals seperti metanol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh efisiensi energi sistem secara keseluruhan, biaya produksi dan CO2 avoidance cost (CAC), serta nilai emisi CO2eq dari integrasi BECCS pada sistem poligenerasi. Aspen Plus v.11 digunakan untuk simulasi proses sistem poligenerasi, sedangkan unit CCS disimulasikan dengan Aspen HYSYS v.11. Dengan memvariasikan kapasitas produksi listrik, tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) digunakan sebagai bahan bakar pembangkit listrik biomass integrated gasification combined cycle (BIGCC) sehingga dihasilkan gas buang mengandung CO2 yang ditangkap untuk sintesis metanol dan CCS. Hidrogen untuk sintesis green methanol diproduksi melalui elektrolisis PEM dengan variasi dua sumber energi listrik terbarukan, yaitu energi surya (PV-PEM) dan energi geotermal (GEO-PEM). Analisis lingkungan dilakukan dengan metode life cycle assessment (LCA) dengan lingkup cradle-to-gate dan analisis keekonomian dilakukan dengan metode levelized cost. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi sistem keseluruhan lebih tinggi pada skema PV-PEM (11,33%) daripada GEO-PEM (7,05%). Sistem BECCS yang diintegrasikan pada pembangkit listrik BIGCC menunjukkan emisi negatif (-1,00 sampai -0,76 kg CO2eq/kWh). Untuk sintesis metanol, nilai emisi dengan skema PV-PEM (-1,14 sampai -1,28 kg CO2eq/kg MeOH) lebih tinggi daripada skema GEO-PEM (-1,52 sampai -1,65 kg CO2eq/kg MeOH). Pembangkit dengan kapasitas 30,87 MW memiliki biaya produksi dan nilai CAC (0,181 USD/kWh dan 67,66 USD/ton CO2) yang lebih besar daripada kapasitas 50 MW (0,139 USD/kWh dan 56,06 USD/ton CO2). Skema PV-PEM menghasilkan biaya produksi metanol (1.011-1.049 USD/ton) yang lebih besar daripada skema GEO-PEM (967-1.005 USD/ton).

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Bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) has enormous potential to reduce carbon emissions from the atmosphere that may reach net-negative emissions. This technology may be integrated within the polygeneration system of biomass power plant and green chemicals, such as methanol. This research aims to obtain the system’s overall energy efficiency, the production and CO2 avoidance cost, as well as the emission factor of integrating BECCS in the polygeneration system. The processes of polygeneration system are simulated in Aspen Plus v.11; meanwhile, the CCS unit processes are simulated in Aspen HYSYS v.11. By varying the electricity production capacities, oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) are used as fuel for biomass integrated gasification combined cycle (BIGCC) power plant to produce exhaust gas containing CO2, which is captured for the methanol synthesis and CCS. Hydrogen for green methanol synthesis is produced through PEM electrolysis powered by two different renewable energy sources, i.e., solar (PV-PEM) and geothermal energy (GEO-PEM). The environmental aspects are assessed with the life cycle assessment (LCA) with a cradle-to-gate scope, and the economic aspects are analyzed with the levelized cost method. The research shows that the overall system efficiency is higher in the PV-PEM scheme (11.33%) than in the GEO-PEM scheme (7.05%). The BECCS system integrated into the polygeneration system exhibits negative emissions (-1.00 to -0.76 kg CO2eq/kWh). The emission value for the methanol synthesis with the PV-PEM scheme (-1.14 to -1.28 kg CO2eq/kg MeOH) is higher than that with the GEO-PEM (-1.52 to -1.65 kg CO2eq/kg MeOH). The 30,87 MW-capacity BIGCC has a higher production cost and CAC value (0.181 USD/kWh and 67.66 USD/ton CO2) than the 50-MW capacity (0.139 USD/kWh and 56.06 USD/ton CO2). The PV-PEM scheme results in higher methanol production costs (1,011-1,049 USD/ton) than of the GEO-PEM scheme (967-1,005 USD/ton)."