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Abstrak :
Metode fabrikasi material komposit paduan Al 6061 dengan penambahan partikel mikro SiC dipilih menggunakan metode pengecoran aduk karena mampu mendistribusikan partikel penguat SiC dan memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik. Material ini kemudian diharapkan memiliki sifat mekanis yang baik dengan densitas yang relatif rendah. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan variasi penambahan volume fraksi dari partikel miro SiC sebesar 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, dan 10% untuk mengetahui nilai optimal dari penambahan partikel penguat. Penambahan Mg sebesar 10 wt.% dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampubasahan dan penambahan Sr dan TiB dilakukan untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanis dari material komposit. Kemudian didapatkan nilai kekuatan tarik, elongasi, dan kekerasan memiliki nilai maksimal pada penambahan partikel penguat SiC sebesar 10 wt.% dengan nilai masing-masing 230 MPa, 6,5%, dan 62,2 HRB. Sedangkan nilai kekuatan impak memiliki nilai optimum pada penambahan partikel penguat sebesar 4% dengan nilai 0.0294 Joule/mm2. Kemudian juga didapatkan bahwa persentase porositas terus meningkat seiring dengan peningkatan volume fraksi dari partikel penguat. ......Manufacturing of composite material Aluminum Alloy (Al-Mg-Si) with the addition of micro SiC particles reinforcement chosen using stir casting method because it can be able to evenly distribute the SiC particles reinforcement and has a good economic value. Then this addition of SiC particles predicted will improved the mechanical properties and density of the materials. In this study, the addition of micro particles volume fraction in the amount of SiC 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% were used in order to know the optimum volume fraction. The addition of Mg 10 wt.% were used as wetting agent to increase the wettability between matrix and reinforce and the addition of AlSr and TiB were used to increase the mechanical properties. As a result, the ultimate tensile strength, elongation, and hardness value has a maximum value in addition of micro particles volume fraction in the amount of SiC 10 wt.%with the value up to 230 MPa, 6,5%, dan 62,2 HRB. However, the impact value and hardness value has a optimum value in addition of micro particles volume fraction in the amoung of SiC 4% with the value 0.0294 Joule/mm2. The percentages of porosity were increased along with the increase of micro particles volume fraction.

Abstrak :
Komposit merupakan material yang sedang dikembangkan, yang terdiri dari dua jenis material atau lebih untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanis. Salah satu aplikasinya yaitu pada tabung roket, yang menggunakan komposit berbahan dasar logam Metal Matrix Composite . Material yang digunakan yaitu Al 6061 dengan penambahan partikel nano SiC 0.15 Vf sebagai penguat, Mg 10 wt. sebagai agen pembasah, dan variabel TiB sebesar 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, dan 0.06 wt. sebagai pemodifikasi butir agar lebih halus dan meningkatkan sifat mekanis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan dengan adanya penambahan partikel nano SiC dan TiB sebagai pemodifikasi ukuran butir, dapat meningkatkan sifat mekanis. Penambahan TiB yang paling baik yaitu pada pada penambahan 0.06 wt. dengan kandungan aktual pada komposit sebesar 0.0535 wt. , yang menghasilkan nilai kekuatan tarik sebesar 204.9 MPa, nilai kekerasan 53.58 HRB, dan laju keausan sebesar 0.0012 mm3/m. Peningkatan sifat mekanis disebabkan karena terdapat fasa Mg2Si sebagai penguat, lalu TiB2 sebagai agen nuklean yang memperhalus butir, dan fasa MgAl2O4 yang berada pada antarmuka partikel nano SiC dengan matriks sehingga memiliki pembasahan yang baik.

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Composite is advance material that being developed, that contains of two materials or more to improve the mechanical properties. One of the application is rocket tube, that using metal matrix composite MMC . The base material is Al 6061 with addition of nanoparticles SiC 0.15 Vf as reinforcment, Mg 10 wt. as wetting agent, and variables of TiB 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.06 wt. as grain refiner so it can improve the mechanical properties too. The result of this research, that with addition of nanoparticles SiC and TiB as grain refiner, it make the improvement of mechanical properties. The best addition of TiB is with the addition of 0.06 wt. TiB, which is the actual content in composite is 0.0535 wt. . The result shows that the Ultimate Tensile Strength reached 204.9 MPa, the hardness is 53.58 HRB, and the wear rate is 0.0012 mm3 m. The improvement of mechanical properties are because of there are Mg2Si phase as second phase that increase the strength of material, TiB2 as the nuclean to refine the grain, and MgAl2O4 phase that exist in the interface of nanoparticles SiC and the matrix, so it have good wettability between nanoparticles SiC and the matrix.

Abstrak :
Pengelasan merupakan suatu proses dalam dunia material yang berguna untuk menyambungkan dua logam dengan memanfaatkan energi panas. dikarenakan semakin berkembangnya zaman, para ilmuwan kini sudah menemukan beragam cara untuk mengubungkan suatu logam dengan jenis material yang berbeda salah satu contohnya ialah pengelasan antara aluminium dan tembaga. Pengelasan Al-Cu diaplikasikan di beberapa bidang seperti busbar, konektor listrik dan masih banyak lagi. Pada penelitian ini akan digunakan parameter kecepatan rotasi dan sudut kemiringan tool untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap mikrostruktur, nilai tegangan sisa, nilai konduktivitas listrik, dan kekuatan tarik dari hasil pengelasan tersebut. Didapatkan bahwa dengan meningkatnya kecepatan rotasi dan sudut kemiringan tool akan memberikan masukan panas yang lebih sehingga pengadukan material akan menjadi lebih baik dan mengurangi munculnya cacat. Peningkatan kecepatan rotasi dan sudut kemiringan tool juga mengurangi nilai tegangan sisa darisuatu sambungan.Nilai konduktivitas dan kekuatan tarik akan semakinbaik ketika terjadi peningkatan kecepatan rotasi dan kemiringan tool karena akan memberikan temperatur yang lebih tinggi pada pengelasan sehingga percampuran material akan menjadi lebih baik dengan meminimalisir munculnya cacat. ......Welding is a process in the material world that is useful for joining two metals by utilizing heat energy. Due to the development of the times, scientists have now found various ways to connect a metal with different types of material, one example is welding between aluminum and copper. Al-Cu welding is applied in several fields such as busbars, electrical connectors and many more. In this study, the parameters of rotational speed and tilt angle of the tool will be used to see their effect on the microstructure, residual stress value,,electrical conductivity value, and tensile strength of the welding results. It was found that with increasing rotation speed and tilt angle of the tool will provide more heat input so that the material mixing will become better and reduces the appearance of defects. The increase in rotation speed and tool tilt angle also reduces the residual stress value of a joint. The value of conductivity and tensile strength will be better when there is an increase in the rotation speed and tilt of the tool because it will provide a higher temperature for welding so that the material mixing will be better by minimizing the appearance of defects.

Abstrak :
Umumnya kabel tembaga yang biasa dijumpai pada kehidupan sehari-hari, namun ada jenis kabel yang lain biasa digunakan yaitu berbahan dasar Al 6061. Pada kali ini digunakannya penambahan logam tanah jarang berupa Lanthanum dan Samarium. Kemudian akan dibandingkan keefektifannya menggunakan pengujian LPR, Konduktivitas Listrik, dan SEM berikut EDX. Ditujukan dengan hasil uji yang memiliki sifat korosi yang lebih baik dan konduktivitas yang tinggi Pada penelitian ini menggunakan logam tanah jarang sebagai grain refinement yaitu berupa Lanthanum dan Samarium. Menggunakan sebanyak 5 sampel yaitu, 0.5% La; 0,5% Sm ; 0,25% La + 0,25% Sm, Paduan Al 6061 tanpa tambahan La & Sm tanpa dicor ulang, dan paduan Al 6061 yang dilakukan cor ulang. Didapat hasil dari penelitian kali ini, pada paduan Al-0,5 La paling tinggi konduktivitasnya sebesar 2.084.866,323 S/m dibandingkan dengan paduan lain termasuk pada paduan Al 6061 murni yang tidak ditambahkan logam tanah jarang. Pada laju korosi yang terendah pada paduan Al- 0,5 Sm, dimana diperoleh nilai laju korosinya adalah sebesar 0,0013 mm/tahun dibandingkan dengan paduan lain termasuk pada paduan Al 6061 murni yang tidak ditambahkan logam tanah jarang. ...... Generally, copper cables are commonly found in everyday life, but there is another type of cable that is commonly used, namely made from Al 6061. At this time, the addition of rare earth metals in the form of Lanthanum and Samarium was used. Then it will be compared its effectiveness using LPR, Electrical Conductivity, and SEM tests following EDX. Aimed at the test results that have better corrosion properties and high concentration In this study using rare earth metals as grain refiners, namely in the form of Lanthanum and Samarium. Using as many as 5 samples, namely 0.5% La; 0.5% Sm ; 0.25% La + 0.25% Sm, Al 6061 alloy without additional La & Sm without being recorched, and Al 6061 alloy re-cast. The results obtained from this research, in Al-0.5 La alloys, the highest conductivity was 2.084.866,323 S/m compared to other alloys including pure Al 6061 alloys which were not added rare earth element. At the lowest corrosion rate in Al-0.5 Sm alloy, where the corrosion rate value is obtained is 0.0013mm/year compared to other alloys including pure Al 6061 alloys which were not added rare earth metals.

Abstrak :
The present work aims to improve the microstructure and hardness related properties of age hardened Al6061-SiC reinforced composites produced by a two stage stir casting method. Three composites with 2, 4, and 6wt. % (35-40μm) of SiC reinforcement are subjected to microstructural examination and hardness test at different locations to analyse the uniform distribution of the reinforcements in the matrix. As-cast composites are solution-treated at 558°C, followed by an aging treatment conducted at 100, 150, and 200°C, during which peak hardness values are noted. The peak aged samples are subjected to hardness and wear tests. In line with the objectives, ranges from 80-100% and 120-145% additional increase in hardness values are observed over as-cast alloy during the aging treatment conducted at 100, 150 and 200°C, respectively. Lower temperature aging shows substantial improvement in hardness and wear resistance over high temperature aging in each respective group. Also higher weight percentages of reinforced composites show excellent wear resistance, due to the presence of eroded iron particles from the counter surface which is regarded as a beneficial effect during the wear test. The presence of SiC particles provides more sites for the nucleation of fine precipitates. These fine precipitates hinder the movement of dislocation and thus increases hardness as well as wear resistance after the precipitation hardening treatment.

Abstrak :
The present work aims to improve the microstructure and hardness related properties of age hardened Al6061-SiC reinforced composites produced by a two stage stir casting method. Three composites with 2, 4, and 6wt. % (35-40?m) of SiC reinforcement are subjected to microstructural examination and hardness test at different locations to analyse the uniform distribution of the reinforcements in the matrix. As-cast composites are solution-treated at 558°C, followed by an aging treatment conducted at 100, 150, and 200°C, during which peak hardness values are noted. The peak aged samples are subjected to hardness and wear tests. In line with the objectives, ranges from 80-100% and 120-145% additional increase in hardness values are observed over as-cast alloy during the aging treatment conducted at 100, 150 and 200°C, respectively. Lower temperature aging shows substantial improvement in hardness and wear resistance over high temperature aging in each respective group. Also higher weight percentages of reinforced composites show excellent wear resistance, due to the presence of eroded iron particles from the counter surface which is regarded as a beneficial effect during the wear test. The presence of SiC particles provides more sites for the nucleation of fine precipitates. These fine precipitates hinder the movement of dislocation and thus increases hardness as well as wear resistance after the precipitation hardening treatment.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penambahan partikel nano SiC ke dalam matriks Al 6061 telah terbukti memberikan efek penguatan terhadap sifat mekanis dari komposit bermatriks logam dengan mempertahankan keuletannya. Untuk meningkatkan sifat mekanisnya, komposit hasil pengecoran diberikan perlakuan panas pada beberapa temperatur aging. Sebagai wetting agent, 10 wt Magnesium ditambahkan ke dalam komposit untuk mendapat ikatan antarmuka yang kuat. Pada penelitian ini, Al 6061 diperkuat dengan 0,15 vf nano SiC dibuat, lalu diberikan perlakuan panas pada beberapa temperatur aging 140 oC, 160 oC, 180 oC, 200 oC, dan 220 oC . Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa temperatur aging optimum adalah 180 oC yang dilakukan selama 8 jam, dengan nilai kekuatan tarik maksimum UTS mendapai 240 MPa, nilai kekerasan mencapai 72 HRB. Efek penguatan yang terjadi pada komposit dipengaruhi oleh adanya fasa Mg 2 Si, endapan Mg 2 Si dan Mg 5 Al 8, distribusi partikel nano SiC yang baik, dan juga ikatan antarmuka matriks dengan penguat yang baik.

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ABSTRACT The addition of nano SiC particles to Al6061 matrix has enhancing the mechanical properties of metal matrix compoite while the ductility properties still maintaned. To improve the mechanical properties, the as cast composites are heat treated to various aging temperature. As the wetting agent, 10 Vf Magnesium were added into the composite to achieve strong interface bonding. In the present work, Al6061 reinforced with 0,15 Vf of nano SiC were prepared, then heat treated to various aging temperature 140 oC, 160 oC, 180 oC, 200 oC, and 220 oC . Result of this studies shows that the optimum aging temperature was 180 oC that was conducted for 8 hours, with UTS Ultimate Tensile Strength reached 242,52 MPa, and hardness value up to 71,7 HRB. The enhancement of mechanical properties of composite were influenced by the presence of Mg 2 Si phase, Mg 2 Si and Mg 5 Al 8 precipitates, good distribution of nano SiC particles, also good interfacial bonding between matrix and reinforce.