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Abstrak :
This book introduces physical effects and fundamentals of piezoelectric sensors and actuators. It gives a comprehensive overview of piezoelectric materials such as quartz crystals and polycrystalline ceramic materials. Different modeling approaches and methods to precisely predict the behavior of piezoelectric devices are described. Furthermore, a simulation-based approach is detailed which enables the reliable characterization of sensor and actuator materials. One focus of the book lies on piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers. An optical approach is presented that allows the quantitative determination of the resulting sound fields. The book also deals with various applications of piezoelectric sensors and actuators.

Abstrak :
This handbook volume aims to provide a comprehensive, self-contained, and authoritative reference in MEMS. It covers the theoretical and practical aspects including but not limited to sensors, actuators, RF MEMS, micro fluids and bio MEMS systems. It is particularly recommended to undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, scientists, and field experts. This comprehensive summary will provide a solid knowledge background and inspire innovations in this highly interdisciplinary field. The handbook series consists of 5 volumes: Micro/nano fabrication technology, MEMS, Nanomaterial, Nanomedicine and Applications of micro-/nanotechnologies in IT. Experienced researchers and experts are invited to contribute in each of these areas.The series is published under Springer Major Reference works, which allows continuous online update and publication. These features allow newcomers and other readers to keep in touch with the most up-to-date information in micro-/nanotechnologies.It presents an overview of the knowledge base, as well as selected topics and provides comprehensive and authoritative information on the field for researchers, engineers, scientists and graduate students who are involved in different aspects of micro-/nanotechnologies.This publication will provide inspiration for innovative research and application ideas for continued growth of the field.

Abstrak :
Saturation nonlinearities are ubiquitous in engineering systems, every physical actuator or sensor is subject to saturation owing to its maximum and minimum limits. Input saturation is an operating condition that is well known to the control community for its “side effects”, which cause conventional controllers to lose their closed-loop performance as well as control authority in stabilization. Therefore, the practical application of control theory cannot avoid taking into account saturation nonlinearities in actuators, explicitly dealing with constraints in control design.