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Abstrak :
Bunga Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. variasi crested peach dan double orange berbeda dari variasi single pink karena memiliki petal tambahan petaloid . Struktur petaloid tersebut diduga berasal dari modifikasi organ reproduktif bunga homeosis . Peristiwa homeosis yang terjadi dihipotesiskan karena gen kelas C AGAMOUS yang berperan dalam pembentukan androecium dan gynoecium tidak terekspresi. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekspresi gen AGAMOUS secara kualitatif pada bunga single pink, crested peach, dan double orange. Analisis ekspresi gen AGAMOUS dilakukan dengan cara mengisolasi RNA dari androecium dan gynoecium ketiga variasi bunga menggunakan metode CTAB yang dimodifikasi. Sampel RNA diubah menjadi cDNA menggunakan reverse transcriptase, yang selanjutnya diamplifikasi dengan teknik PCR menggunakan primer AG1 dan AG2. Produk PCR AG1 menghasilkan variasi pita dengan ukuran 100, 200, dan 300 bp, sedangkan hasil PCR AG2 menghasilkan pita yang berukuran 200 bp. Hasil analisis sekuensing terhadap produk PCR primer AG1 dan AG2 menunjukkan gen AGAMOUS terekspresi pada semua sampel. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa perubahan struktur organ reproduktif bunga tidak disebabkan oleh hilangnya ekspresi gen AGAMOUS, sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis ekspresi gen AGAMOUS beserta interaksinya dengan gen lain. ......Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. crested peach and double orange types are different from single pink type in terms of their additional petals petaloid . The petaloid structure is thought to have originated from reproductive organs modification homeosis . AGAMOUS is class C gene that plays role in androecium and gynoecium formation. Loss of AGAMOUS gene expression is assumed to cause modifications occur in reproductive organs. Therefore, this study aims to determine the qualitative expression of AGAMOUS gene on single pink, crested peach, and double orange flowers. Analysis of AGAMOUS gene expression was done by isolating RNA from their androecium and gynoecium using the modified CTAB method. The RNA sample was converted to cDNA using reverse transcriptase, before further amplified by PCR technique using AG1 and AG2 primers. The AG1 PCR product produces bands of 100, 200, and 300 bp, while the PCR AG2 produces single band of 200 bp. The analysis of sequencing results showed that AGAMOUS gene expressed in all samples. Therefore, petaloids presents in crested peach and double orange flowers are not caused by loss of AGAMOUS gene expression. The homeosis occurred should be analyzed not only based on AGAMOUS gene expression, but also should include other gene and their interactions.

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian terhadap tiga variasi bentuk bunga Hibiscus rosa¬sinensis L. (single, crested dan double) di kampus UI depok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiganya berbeda dalam jumlah petal, stamen dan pistillum. Bunga single memiliki 5 petal, stamen 46--101 (x=78,68). Bunga crested memiliki petal tambahan berupa staminodium petaloid (7--28, x=19,01), intermediet stamen-petal (1--21, x=9,2), dan stamen (0--44, x=12). Bunga double memiliki staminodium petaloid (5--36, x=18,6), intermediet stamen-petal (0--14, x=5,32), dan stamen (3--88, x= 38). Jumlah petal tambahan berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah stamen. Bunga single memiliki ovarium normal, bunga crested dan double dapat memiliki ovarium yang tereduksi dan bermodifikasi menjadi sepalodi. Seluruh variasi bunga H. rosa-sinensis memiliki morfologi polen yang seragam yaitu polen soliter, berbentuk globose, prolat sferoidal hingga oblat sferoidal, apertur polypantoporate, ornamentasi eksin berupa ekinet dengan ujung tumpul, membulat, bercabang dua, dan berlekuk. Ukuran polen berbanding lurus dengan ukuran bunga. Bunga single kecil memiliki polen terkecil (dv= 152,156 µm, dh= 178,312 µm), dan single besar memiliki polen terbesar (dv=174,985 µm, dh=206,023 µm). Gen AGAMOUS terekspresi pada bunga single, crested, dan double. ......The single-, crested-, double-flowers type of Hibiscus rosa sinensis L. that grown at University of Indonesia, Depok have been studied. The three varieties of flower differ in terms of additional petal, stamen number, and pistillum. Single-flowers have 5 petals, 46--101 (x = 78,68) stamens. Crested-flowers have additional petal such as staminodium petaloid 7--28 (x = 19,01), and intermediate stamen-petal 1--21 (x = 9,2), and 0--44 (x = 12) stamens. Double-flowers have 5--36 (x = 6,18) staminodium petaloid, 0--14 (x=5,32) intermediate stamen-petal, and 3--88 (x = 38) stamens. Number of additional petal negatively correlated with the number of stamenS.Si.ngle-flowers have normal ovaries. Crested-and double-flowers can have a reduced ovaries and modified into sepalodi. All of the H. rosa sinensis varieties have similarity in pollen morphology, that is solitary, globose -, spheroid prolate-, dan spheroid oblate-shaped, with polypantoporate aperture, echinate (spine) with blunt, rounded, bifurcated, and grooved apex. Pollen size has positive correlation with the size of flowers. Small single-flowers have the smallest pollen (dv = 152,156 µm, dh = 178,312 µm), and large single-flowers have the largest pollen (dv = 174,985 µm, dh = 206,023 µm). AGAMOUS gene expressed in single-, crested-, and double-flowers.