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Abstrak :
Sampah sisa makanan yang dihasilkan di kantin Fakultas Teknik UI memiliki persentase sebesar 73% dari total timbulan sampah. Jumlah sampah yang besar serta sifatnya yang mudah membusuk dan memicu kehadiran hewan pembawa penyakit seperti tikus, membuat pengolahan sampah sisa makanan perlu menjadi prioritas. Salah satu teknik pengolahannya adalah pengomposan, yaitu proses degradasi sampah organik oleh mikroorganisme menjadi material sejenis humus yang dapat dimanfaatkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor (meliputi parameter fisik-kimia) yang mempengaruhi proses pengomposan, serta menganalisis hubungan dan pengaruh faktor tersebut terhadap aktivitas mikroorganisme selama proses pengomposan berlangsung. Analisis statistik dalam penelitian ini meliputi analisis faktor, korelasi, dan multivariabel. Berdasarkan analisis faktor yang dilakukan, terbentuk 2 faktor baru yang mempengaruhi proses pengomposan, yaitu faktor 1 dinamakan parameter yang menunjukkan hasil dari proses pengomposan, terdiri dari konduktivitas, salinitas, dan kadar air; dan faktor 2 dinamakan parameter yang mendukung proses pengomposan, terdiri dari rasio C/N, kadar karbon, pH, dan kadar nitrogen. Hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan kadar air, rasio C/N, kadar karbon, pH, kadar nitrogen memiliki pengaruh terhadap aktivitas mikroorganisme. Berdasarkan analisis multivariabel, komposter 2 diperkirakan memiliki model regresi pengaruh faktor pengomposan terhadap aktivitas mikroorganisme yang terbaik. Sedangkan dilihat dari penurunan kadar karbonnya, komposter 1 memiliki konstanta laju pengomposan dan laju dekomposisi terbesar dibandingkan dua komposter lainnya, yaitu sebesar 0,0006 dan 0,0224%/hari.

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Food waste is likely to degrade quickly and smell, become a breeding ground for bacteria and attract rodents. Food waste from canteen at Faculty of Engineering has a percentage of 73% of the total waste generation. Enormous amount of food waste and its nature made food waste processing needs to be a priority. One of food waste treatment is composting, which is a process of organic waste degradation by microorganisms into humus-like material. This study aimed to analyze the factors (including physico-chemical parameters) that affect the composting process, and analyze the relationship and the influence of factors on microorganisms activities during the composting process. Statistical analysis in this study include factor analysis, correlation and multivariable analysis. Based on factor analysis, there are two new factors that affect composting, factor 1 consist of conductivity, salinity, and water content, then named parameter that indicates the result of the composting process, and factor 2 consist of C/N ratio, carbon content, pH, and nitrogen content, then named parameters that support the composting process. Results of correlation analysis showed that moisture, C/N ratio, carbon content, pH, and nitrogen content has correlation to microorganisms activities. Based on multivariable analysis, composter 2 were estimated to have the best regression models. While based on carbon reduction, composter 1 has the largest composting rate constant and decomposition rate than the two largest composter at 0,0006 and 0,0224 %/day

Abstrak :
Mangrove memiliki kemampuan menyimpan dan menyerap karbon dalam biomassa hidup maupun mati, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya produktivitas serasah, besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan, laju dekomposisi serasah, potensi karbon yang dapat diserap dan disimpan oleh hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut. Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan September-November 2020 dan Maret-Juni 2021. Metode pengambilan data terkait komposisi vegetasi dan stok karbon menggunakan purposive sampling dan dihitung dengan persamaan allometrik. Produktivitas serasah dan laju dekomposisi diukur selama 42 hari dengan pengamatan setiap 2 minggu sekali. Serasah yang dilepas ke perairan diukur dengan menyaring serasah ketika air laut surut. Karbon pada sedimen diukur dengan mengambil sedimen pada kedalaman 0—30 cm. Vegetasi pohon dan pancang didominasi oleh Rhizophora mucronata dan semai oleh Excoecaria agallocha. Stok karbon dan serapan karbon pada hutan mangrove Pulau Rambut sebesar 278,60 ton/ha dan 951,41 ton/ha. Stok karbon pada sedimen sebesar 19,36 ton/ha. Besarnya produktivitas serasah dan potensi karbonnya sebesar 2,741 g/m2/hari dan 9,72 g/m2/hari. Laju dekomposisi paling cepat diraih oleh Rhizophora mucronata yaitu 0,191 g/hari. Besar serasah yang dilepas ke perairan adalah 21,27 g/m3/hari dengan kandungan karbon sebesar 50,82%. ......Mangroves have the ability to store and absorb carbon in living and dead biomass, and sediments. This study aims to determine the amount of litter productivity, the amount of litter released into the waters, the rate of litter decomposition, the potential for carbon that can be absorbed and stored by the Rambut Island mangrove forest. The research was conducted from September-November 2020 and March-June 2021. Methods of collecting data related to the composition of vegetation and carbon stock using purposive sampling and calculated by allometric equations. Litter productivity and decomposition rate were measured for 42 days with observations every 2 weeks. Litter released into the waters is measured by filtering litter when the sea water recedes. Carbon in the sediment was measured by taking sediment at a depth of 0-30 cm. Tree vegetation and saplings were dominated by Rhizophora mucronata and seedlings by Excoecaria agallocha. Carbon stock and carbon sequestration in Rambut Island mangrove forest were 278.60 tons/ha and 951.41 tons/ha, respectively. Carbon stock in sediment is 19.36 ton/ha. The amount of litter productivity and carbon potential are 2.741 g/m2/day and 9.72 g/m2/day. The fastest decomposition rate was achieved by Rhizophora mucronata, which was 0.191 g/day. The amount of litter released into the waters is 21.27 g/m3/day with a carbon content of 50.82%.

Abstrak :
Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret--Juni 2013 di Hutan Mangrove Pancer Cengkrong, Trenggalek, Jawa Timur. Penelitian bertujuan untuk memperoleh informasi komposisi vegetasi, potensi stok karbon, produksi, laju dekomposisi dan kontribusi nutrisi serasah mangrove. Komposisi vegetasi diukur menggunakan transek kuadran. Stok karbon diestimasi dengan persamaan allometrik. Produksi serasah dihitung menggunakan perangkap serasah ukuran 1x1m2. Laju dekomposisi serasah diukur selama 56 hari dengan pengamatan 2 minggu sekali. Kontribusi serasah ke perairan diperoleh dengan menyaring serasah pada saluran air saat laut surut. Sebanyak 26 spesies telah diidentifikasi (17 mangrove sejati dan 9 mangrove asosiasi). Vegetasi pohon didominasi oleh Sonneratia alba J.E. Smith dengan kerapatan 596 pohon/ha sedangkan anakan dan semai didominasi Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Robinson (kerapatan 1.745 anakan/ha; 34.745 semai/ha). Stok karbon dan biomassa total di lokasi penelitian masing-masing 185,81 ton/ha dan 400,45 ton/ha (total serapan CO2 sebesar 681,91 ton/ha). Sebagian besar sumbangan stok karbon berasal dari S. alba, Rhizophora apiculata Blume, dan Avicennia alba Blume. Produksi serasah 1,42 g/m2/hari, tersusun atas daun 84%, organ reproduksi 9% dan ranting 7%. Potensi nutrisi serasah 0,4 gC/m2/hari dan 0,012 gN/m2/hari. Serasah dilepas ke perairan sebesar 11,15 g/m3/hari. Laju dekomposisi serasah daun paling cepat ialah R. apiculata (0,20 g/hari). Nilai nutrisi tertinggi terdapat pada S. alba dengan rasio C:N 62,90. ......Research has been conducted in March--June 2013 on the Mangrove Forest Cengkrong Pancer, Trenggalek, East Java. The objectives were to obtain information of vegetation composition, potential carbon stocks, production, decomposition rates, and nutrient contribution of mangrove litter. There were 50 quadrants on tree stations for vegetation analysis. Potential carbon stock was calculated by allometric equations. Littertrap size 1x1 m2 used to calculate litter production. Decomposition rate calculated for 56 days by once observation in two weeks. Litter contribution to waters was obtained by filtering water channel at low tide. The total of 26 species were identified (17 true mangroves and 9 association mangroves). The vegetation dominated by Sonneratia alba J.E. Smith (596 trees/ha) while the saplings and seedlings dominated by Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Robinson (1,745 saplings/ha; 34,745 seedlings/ha). Total biomass were 400.45 ton/ha and carbon stocks 185.81 ton/ha (CO2 uptake 681,91 ton/ha). The carbon stocks were donated from S. alba, Rhizophora apiculata Blume, dan Avicennia alba Blume. The production of litter was 1.42 g/m2/day consisting of leaves 84%, reproductive organs 9%, and twigs 7% respectively. The litter contained 0.4 gC/m2/day and 0.012 gN/m2/day. In addition 11.15 g/m3/day litters flow towards the waters during high tide. The fastest decomposition rate of leaf litter was R. apiculata (0.20 g/day). While the highest nutritional value from S. alba with C:N ratio of 62.90.