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Abstrak :
A wetland center in London, parks in downtown San Francisco, a wildlife sanctuary in Arcata, and a wetlands park on the outskirts of Las Vegas--what do these urban and suburban locations have in common? They are leading examples of a new restoration design approach that is squarely placed at the interface of nature and culture. This multidisciplinary paradigm bridges the gap between an ecological approach preoccupied with returning damaged landscapes to an imagined original state and a landscape design approach concerned with creating a place for people to reinhabit. Environmental Restoration and Design for Recreation and Ecotourism is the first book to provide a detailed examination of the entire process of restoring damaged or abandoned landscapes to benefit both nature and people, specifically for the purposes of recreation and ecotourism. With a focus on history, planning, methodology, design, and construction, it explores five case studies of successful regenerative landscape design projects and gives readers an inside look at the evolution of design projects. Two of the cases offer a particularly comprehensive review of award-winning projects: the reparation of the degraded Las Vegas Wash into Clark County Wetlands Park and the transformation of the abandoned Barn Elms Reservoirs into the London Wetland Centre. Supported by extensive photographs, tables, maps, sketches, and schematics, these case studies trace how ideas are first conceived and then adopted, transformed, or even abandoned along the way. Each case study also includes a questions-and-answers discussion with designers and managers. Emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary cooperation, the book presents lessons learned from some of the most innovative projects in regenerative landscape design"--

Abstrak :
Kebutuhan akan restorasi tuang di bidang kedokteran gigi semakin meningkat seiring dengan keberhasilan pembangunan Indonesia. Logam pilihan untuk membuat restorasi tuang pada umumnya adalah logam paduan emas, dan material yang beredar di Indonesia pada umumnya masih harus diimpor dari luar negeri dan harganya cukup mahal. Dengan meningkatnya harga emas, maka perlu dicari logam alternatif lain untuk restorasi tuang. Indonesia yang merupakan salah satu penghasil tambang nikel dan tembaga, sudah sepatutnya dapat memanfaatkannya untuk berbagai keperluan termasuk di bidang kedokteran gigi. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan logam paduan nikel-tembaga-mangan untuk keperluan restorasi gigi. Hasil penelitian di tahun pertama telah dibuat 5 komposisi paduan nikel-tembaga-mangan, yaitu . 2ONi-40Cu-40Mn, 30Ni-40Cu-40Mn, 30Ni-40Cu-30Mn, 40Ni-30Cu-30Hn, dan 5ONi-30Cu-20Mn. Kelima paduan tersebut telah dilakukan uji komposisi, kekerasan, kemampuan tuang, dan kekuatan tarik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paduan nikel-tembaga-mangan mempunyai kekerasan yang lebih besar dari logam paduan emas. Temperatur lebur paduan berkisar dari 960 0C sampai dengan 1160 0C. Kemampuan tuang cukup baik terutama pada paduan dengan temperatur lebur kurang dari 1000 0C. Kekuatan tarik memperlihatkan hasil yang bervariasi dimana mempunyai kombinasi kekuatan tarik dan strain yang cukup besar. Hal tersebut memperlihatkan bahwa paduan nikel-tembaga-mangan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk pembuatan restorasi tuang di bidang kedokteran gigi. Untuk memperbaiki sifat yang dipunyai logam paduan, maka perlu ditambahkan sedikit logam Pd (palladium). Pada penelitian pada tahun berikutnya perlu dilakukan pengujian sifat kimia, yaitu uji korosi, dan uji sifat biologis, yaitu uji toksisitas dan sensitivitas pada binatang percobaan.

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Demand for cast restorations in dentistry is rapidly increasing along with the improvement in economical status as a result of development. Among other metals used in dentistry, gold alloys are usually the metal of choice for cast restorations, because of its superior qualities. The materials available in Indonesia are still imported and they do cost a fortune. As the value of gold increases, it is necessary to use metal for cast restorations. For Indonesia, as one of the nickel and copper producing countries, it is most obvious that we should be able to utilize the metals for various purposes, especially in dentistry. The study uses nickel-copper-manganese alloys for tooth restoration. In the first year of study, 5 compositions of nickel-copper-manganese alloys combinations have been produced, namely: 2ONi-40Cu-4OHn, 30Ni-40Cu-40Mn, 3ONi-4OCu-30Mn, 4ONi-30Cu-30Mn, and 5ONi-30Cu-2OMn. Each of the five composition have undergone several tests, which are composition test, hardness test, castability, and tensile strength test. The result of the study shows that nickel-copper-manganese alloys are harder than gold alloys. The melting point of Ni-Cu-Mn alloys are between 960 C and 1160 C. The castability is satisfactory, especially when the melting point is below 1000 ,C. Variety of its tensile strength has been noted, with a relatively high strain. These properties indicates that nickel-copper-manganese alloys can be used as cast restoration in dentistry. To improve the property or quality of the alloy, a small amount of palladium was added. Studies for the following year is designed to test the alloys chemical properties .(corrosion) and biological properties (toxicity and sensitivity on experimental animals).

Abstrak :
Informasi yang terkait dengan perawatan restorasi implant tulang pada penderita kehilangan gigi dengan kelainan hipertiroid masih sangat terbatas