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ABSTRAK
The Taiwan Democracy Quarterly consolidates research on Taiwan's democratization and serves as an information platform to further encourage domestic and international democracy-related research. The Quarterly aims to increase the global community?s understanding of Taiwan?s democratization experience and progress. It is published four times a year in Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter editions. Currently, the Quarterly is available only in Mandarin Chinese but an English edition will be published later this year.

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ABSTRAK
World War II, the political system of Japan was characterized by the dominance of Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) in past several decades. Therefore, LDP, which has accumulated abundant of assets and developed a close and extensive relationship with business complex, has been won elections under competitive campaigns. This result aroused the accusation for unfair competition among political parties. However, the implementation of Political Parties Law (PPL) would like to influence the freedom of party politics, people's thought and assembly and association. This article tries to explore the purpose and motivation of making the Political Parties Law in Japan through perspective of comparative politics. Through analyzing the version of PPL proposed by political parties and interest groups, it reveals that the real motivation of Japanese parties is to standardize the management rules of parties and to promote the oligopoly of parties for maximizing the political power. On the other hand, interest groups are focusing on the convention and subsidies of parties. Consequently, the party politics of Japan will fall into the competition of oligarchy and bring politics as a serving role of business complex. That is, the expected effecet of PPL as a new institution is to continually promote the benefits of big parties, and interest groups tend to follow the path of market nules in their political development. Currently, the decline of Political Funds Control Acts has triggered the advocate of PPL as a good idea, but is also provides an opportunity for those actors to sponsor institutional arrangements which are favorable ther intereset, However, the implementation of PPLK will reduce the number of political parties, siden the gap between big and small parties, and raise subsidies for big parties because of the exclusion of small parties from participation.

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ABSTRAK
Throwing the rascal out,is one of the bedrock principles in modern democracy. The idea of accountability is thus realized by replacing under-performed politicians by qualified ones. However, its often found that citizen fails to identify the real rascal as well as non-performance issues carries more weight in citizens voting choices in election. In Taiwan, the demand for accountable governance is even more pressing as Taiwan has entered a new phrase of democratic consolidation. This paper focuses on the event of gas blast in Kaohsiung City in 2014 as a case study of the association between political accountability and voters choice in the year end election for city mayor. Special attention is paid to citizens perception affects citizens vote choice in mayoral election. Based on the analyses of post-election survey, this paper concludes that, in addition to the conventional factors such as party identification and approval rating, citizens perception of reponsibility attribution and evaluation of governments responses toward the event also play significant roles in election. It also show that, comparing to the long term psychological or ambiguous approval factors, the gas blast event as a case study of political accountability is more able to examine the electoral impact of political accountability is more able to examine the electoral impact of political accountability. In the last part of this paper, a brief concluding remarks and the suggestions of studying political accountability in Taiwan will be provided.