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Abstrak :
Kemampuan berbahasa anak sangat penting dalam membantu anak bersosialisasi dengan lingkungannya. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan bahasa yaitu latar belakang sosioekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan latar belakang sosioekonomi dengan perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia prasekolah. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif korelasional dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 62 anak usia prasekolah di Kelurahan Tanah Baru, Depok, yang dipilih secara konsekutif. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner perkembangan bahasa dan sosioekonomi yang dibuat oleh peneliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan rata-rata perkembangan bahasa anak berada pada rentang normal. Berdasarkan analisis bivariat, tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara latar belakang sosioekonomi dengan perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia prasekolah (p = 0,251). Rekomendasi untuk penelitian selanjutnya yaitu perlu ditambahkan faktor lain yang mempengaruhi perkembangan bahasa seperti lamanya interaksi ibu dengan anak. ......Children's language ability is very important to help them socialize with their environment. One of factors that influence the development of child’s language ability is socioeconomic background. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between socioeconomic backgrounds with language ability development among children at the age of preschool. This research used descriptive correlation design with a sample size of 62 preschool children in Kelurahan Tanah Baru, Depok. The data was collected with consecutive sampling technique. The questionnaire to measure child’s language ability development was developed by researcher. The study showed that the average of children’s language ability development was at normal range. Bivariate analysis disclosed that there was no significant correlation between socioeconomic backgrounds with language development among preschool children (p=0.251). This study recommends further research to find out other factors affecting the development of language ability among preschool children such as the length of the interaction between mothers with their children.

Abstrak :
Preferensi kontribusi penting dalam memperkirakan nilai suatu barang, terutama public goods, yaitu barang yang jika dikonsumsi oleh seseorang tidak akan mengurangi konsumsi orang lain akan barang tersebut dan siapapun dapat mengkonsumsinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh dari tingkat sosioekonomi dan pemberian threshold terhadap preferensi kontribusi seseorang untuk lahan hijau. Penelitian ini dilakukan kepada 64 orang penduduk Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan desain kuasi-eksperimental randomized 2 (tingkat sosioekonomi: rendah vs. tinggi, between subjects) x 2 (pemberian threshold dalam: non-target vs. target pada public goods game, within subjects). Pengukuran dilakukan dengan mengadaptasi public goods game dan dijalankan secara tatap muka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat sosioekonomi tidak memengaruhi preferensi kontribusi individu, tetapi pemberian threshold secara signifikan meningkatkan kontribusi individu untuk lahan hijau. ......Priority contribution is important in estimating the value of an item, especially public goods, that is, goods which if consumed by one person will not reduce the consumption of others for these goods and anyone can consume them. This study aims to examine the effect of socioeconomic level and threshold granting on preference for one's contribution to green land. This research was conducted on 64 residents of DKI Jakarta Province by design quasi-experimental randomized 2 (socioeconomic level: low vs. high, between subjects) x 2 (threshold in: non-target vs. target in the public goods game, within subjects). Measurements are made by adapting public goods games and run face to face. The results showed that the socioeconomic level did not affect the preferences of individual contributions, but the provision of a threshold significantly increased individual contributions to green land.

Abstrak :
In Indonesia an Indonesia ,the national health survey by Departemant of health years of 2001 showed that about 70% of people 10 years 10 years old and aboved had dental impaiment...

Abstrak :
Saat ini, pandemi COVID-19 telah mengganggu kondisi sosial ekonomi. Hampir 15% penduduk usia produktif terdampak, pengangguran meningkat sampai 7%, dan penduduk miskin bertambah hingga 2,4 juta per Maret 2021. Kemudian, infeksi COVID-19 yang cepat juga mendorong rumah tangga mengubah pola belanjanya. Rumah tangga dengan tingkat sosial ekonomi tinggi cenderung belanja lebih tinggi untuk kesehatan karena mereka memiliki kepedulian yang baik untuk melindungi anggota keluarganya dari penyakit, sebaliknya pada rumah tangga dengan status ekonomi rendah. Ketimpangan belanja kesehatan berpotensi melebar selama pandemi COVID-19 dan meluasnya transmisi penyakit menyebabkan eksternalitas negatif bagi masyarakat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat ketimpangan belanja kesehatan pada sebelum dan masa pandemi COVID-19 serta dekomposisi ketimpangannya berdasarkan tingkat sosial ekonomi. Berbagai sumber data dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional Maret 2019 dan 2021, Survei Potensi Desa, dan data surveilans COVID-19 digunakan untuk menangkap ketimpangan belanja kesehatan dan faktor yang berkontribusi. Pertama, tingkat ketimpangan diukur dengan menggunakan kurva dan indeks konsentrasi. Kemudian, faktor yang berkontribusi pada ketimpangan akan dianalisis menggunakan Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regresi dan Oaxaca Decomposition. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketimpangan belanja kesehatan meningkat pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Seluruh variabel independen pada model memiliki hubungan yang signifikan pada belanja kesehatan dan berkontribusi pada ketimpangan. Namun, variabel independen yang terhimpun pada explained component hanya dapat menjelaskan 10-20% ketimpangan belanja kesehatan sebelum dan pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Untuk mengurangi ketimpangan, penguatan pelayanan kesehatan primer (dalam hal ini puskesmas) sebagai gatekeeper dan peningkatan cakupan kepesertaan JKN adalah aspek esensial untuk mengurangi ketimpangan kesehatan berdasarkan tingkat sosial ekonomi. ......Currently, the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the socioeconomic situation. Over 15% of people in the productive age group are affected, the unemployment rate rises to 7%, and the number of poor people rises to over 2,4 million by March 2021. Furthermore, the rapid infection of COVID-19 also drives the household expenditure pattern. High socioeconomic level households tend to spend more on health services due to good awareness to protect against illness, otherwise in households with low socioeconomic. The health expenditure inequality potentially widens during the COVID-19 pandemic and the transmission of the disease will spill over to the society. This study will capture the inequality level of household expenditure on health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and the difference decomposition by socioeconomic degree. The multisource data from the National Social Economics Survey March 2019 and 2021, Village Potential Survey, and COVID-19 surveillance data are employed to capture the health expenditure inequality and its explanatory factors. Firstly, the concentration curve and index are utilized to measure inequality. The contributory factors of inequality will be analyzed by using OLS regression and Oaxaca Decomposition. The results reveal that health expenditure inequality at rises during the pandemic COVID-19. All covariates in the model have statistically significant to the health expenditure and contribute to inequality. However, an explained component could only exhibit 10-20% of out-of-pocket inequality. Strengthening the primary health care function as a gatekeeper and improving social health insurance coverage are fundamental to reduce health inequality between different socioeconomic levels

Abstrak :
Kondisi sosial ekonomi para nelayan di Kelurahan Kolakaasi menggambarkan aktivitas kerja, relasi dalam masyarakat dan pemanfaatan aset sebagai modal dalam mengembangkan kapasitas. Penelitian kondisi sosial ekonomi nelayan dilaksanakan untuk mennggambarkan aktivitas perekonomian dan situasi sosial masyarakat pesisir di Kelurahan Kolakaasi sebagai bentuk potensi dan pengembangan kapasitas untuk mewujudkan pemberdayaan masyarakat, khususnya bagi komunitas nelayan. Para nelayan Kapal Bagan melakukan aktivitas melaut pada kurun waktu 3 hingga 4 bulan di laut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kondisi sosial ekonomi nelayan tangkap bagan apung dan upaya nelayan dalam mengembangkan kapasitasnya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis deskriptif. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling pada kriteria nelayan tangkap pemilik Bagan Apung dan buruh nelayan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi sosial ekonomi nelayan dideskripsikan oleh beberapa indikator. Pertama, identitas nelayan pemilik kapal bagan memiliki karakteristik sebagai commercial fisher pada usaha komersial karena status pemilik kapal mampu mengatur manajemen operasional kegiatan penangkapan ikan dan pola kerja anak buah kapal. Strategi pemasaran dilaksanakan pada sektor lokal, domestik, dan ekspor. Nelayan pemilik kapal motor memiliki karakteristik sebagai post peasant fisher dengan usaha post tradisional karena memanfaatkan aset yang dimiliki sebagai akomodasi operasional kerja nelayan bagan apung. Buruh nelayan memiliki karakteristik peasant fisher atau subsistence fisher dengan mencari nafkah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Kedua, nelayan memiliki aset yang digunakan dalam bekerja seperti kapal operasional dan alat-alat penangkapan ikan sebagai modal fisik, keterampilan kerja sebagai nelayan dan manajemen penangkapan ikan sebagai modal manusia, dan memanfaatkan kelompok nelayan sebagai sumber swadaya dan modal sosial. Ketiga, modal ekonomi nelayan dideskripsikan dengan pengelolaan aset finansial yang diperoleh dari hasil melaut dan selain melaut. Adapun pengembangan kapasitas nelayan dideskripsikan dengan pengembangan tingkat individu sebagai kapasitas sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang diperoleh dari penyuluhan dan pengalaman kerja. Kemudian pengembangan tingkat institusional yang berupa pengembangan kelompok nelayan dalam meningkatkan mekanisme kerja dan diskusi kelompok. Serta pengembangan tingkat sistem dengan pemanfaatan teknologi dan alat-alat penangkapan ikan, kapasitas dalam strategi kepemimpinan, dan interaksi sosial nelayan. ......The socioeconomic condition of fishermen in Kolakaasi Village describes work activities, relationships in the community and the utilization of assets as capital in developing capacity. Research on the socioeconomic condition of fishermen was carried out to describe the economic activities and social situation of coastal communities in Kolakaasi Village as a form of potential and capacity building to realize community empowerment, especially for the fishing community. They worked in three to four months at the sea. The purpose of this research is to describe the socio-economic conditions of floating chart fishing fishermen and the efforts of fishermen in developing their capacity. This research was conducted using qualitative methods with descriptive types. In-depth interviews were conducted using purposive sampling technique on the criteria of catch fishermen who are floating chart owners and fishermen laborers. The results showed that the fishermen's socio-economic conditions were described by several indicators. First, the identity of the fisherman who owns the floating chart has characteristics as a commercial fisher in a commercial business because the status of the ship owner is able to regulate the operational management of fishing activities and the work patterns of the crew. The marketing strategy is implemented in the local, domestic and export sectors. Fishermen who own motor boats have characteristics as post peasant fisher with traditional post businesses because they use their assets as operational accommodation for floating chart fishermen. Fishermen workers have the characteristics of peasant fisher or subsistence fisher by earning a living to meet their daily needs. Second, fishermen have assets that are used in work, such as operational boats and fishing gear as physical capital, work skills as fishermen and fishing management as human capital, and utilize fishermen groups as a source of self-help and social capital. Third, the economic capital of fishermen is described by the management of financial assets obtained from fishing and other than fishing. The development of fishermen's capacity is described by individual level development as the capacity of human resources (HR) obtained from counseling and work experience. Then the institutional level development in the form of developing fishermen groups in improving work mechanisms and group discussions. As well as developing the system level by utilizing fishing technology and tools, capacity in leadership strategies, and fishermen's social interactions.

Abstrak :
Keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan merupakan sebuah hal yang sangat penting bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak, utamanya anak yang berada pada masa kanakkanak awal. Penelitian sebelumnya yang melibatkan mayoritas partisipan dari tingkat SSE atas menyatakan bahwa ideologi gender merupakan salah satu prediktor dari keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan. Di sisi lain penelitian yang melibatkan mayoritas partisipan dengan tingkat SSE rendah menyatakan bahwa tidak ditemukannya hubungan antara ideologi gender dan tingkat keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat peran Status Sosial Ekonomi (SSE) sebagai moderator dari hubungan antara ideologi gender dan keterlibatan ayah pada pengasuhan anak usia 3-6 tahun (kanak-kanak awal). Partisipan dari penelitian ini merupakan 106 ayah yang berusia 20-50 tahun dan memiliki anak usia 3-6 tahun. Alat ukur yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI), Intergenerational Panel Study of Parents and Children (IPSPC), dan Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale. Hasil analisis uji moderasi menggunakan PROCESS Hayes model 1 menunjukan bahwa ideologi gender memiliki pengaruh positif yang signifikan sebagai prediktor dari keterlibatan ayah (b=0.11, p<0.05), tetapi status sosial ekonomi tidak memiliki efek moderasi yang signifikan dalam hubungan antara ideologi gender dan keterlibatan ayah (b=-0.00, p>0.05). Temuan dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran para ayah terkait ideologi gender yang dapat berperan sebagai prediktor dari keterlibatan pengasuhan anak. Selain itu, hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya keterlibatan ayah terhadap pengasuhan anak mengingat tingkat keterlibatan ayah di Indonesia masih tergolong rendah. ......Fathers' involvement in parenting is very important for the growth and development of children, especially those in early childhood. Previous research involving the majority of participants from the upper socioeconomic status (SSE) level stated that gender ideology is a predictor of a father's involvement in parenting. On the other hand, research with a large percentage of individuals with low SSE found that there was no relationship between gender ideology and the level of father involvement in parenting. The aim of this research is to look at the role of socioeconomic status (SSE) as a moderator of the relationship between gender ideology and father involvement in raising children aged 3- 6 years (early childhood). The participants in this study were 106 fathers aged 20–50 years who had children aged 3-6 years. The measuring instruments used in this study were the Inventory of Father Involvement (IFI), the Intergenerational Panel Study of Parents and Children (IPSPC), and the Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic Scale. The results of the moderation test analysis using the Process Hayes model 1 show that gender ideology has a significant positive effect as a predictor of father involvement (b = 0.11, p<0.05), but socioeconomic status does not have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between gender ideology and involvement. father (b = -0.00, p>0.05). It is hoped that the findings from this study can increase fathers' awareness regarding gender ideology, which can act as a predictor of parenting involvement. In addition, it is hoped that the results of this study can increase awareness of the importance of father involvement in child care, considering that the level of father involvement in Indonesia is still relatively low.

Abstrak :
The population dynamics in Indonesia have brought several implications on manpower condition. Fertility level that was high in the past still has impact on the high supply of manpower in indonesia today. One consequence is that the Government has to provide job opportunity for working age population that is continually growing in number: However, formal sector occupations can only absorb about one third of manpower in Indonesia. As a result, most working age Indonesians have to create their own job opportunity in informal sector in particular in small and medium scale industry (UKM). The success of 0 UKM depends on many factors. This study aims to investigate the factors that support or impede the non- corporate body UKM in particular informal and small scale and traditional industry (USIT). The study location is in West Jakarta. For the purpose of the study, a survey was Conducted. The survey collected data through face- to-face interviews to USIT owners using a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done descriptively. It is hypothesized that the progress of a USIT depends on the USIT owners demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. business characteristics and other characteristics (whether owns DKI Jakarta's identity card/KTP), the presence of difficulty in doing business, economic crisis effects on business, training, financial assistance and business prospect). There are eight indicators of growing business used in this study: duration of business and the ability to expand the business. The ability to expand the business is viewed from whether there is growth in physical assets, financial capitals, rates, labor and customers from the beginning of business to the time oft he study (October 2002). Results of the study show that the advancement USIT depends on the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of USIT owners, the characteristics of business and other characteristics. Economic stability and financial resources are the two factors stated to affect the growing of a USIT Access to information about financial aid from the Government is inadequate.

Abstrak :
Komersialisasi Bandar Udara (Bandara) Halim Perdanakusuma (HLP) sejak tahun 2014 menyebabkan eksternalitas negatif yang tidak terhindarkan yaitu peningkatan kebisingan pesawat terbang. Pengurangan kebisingan pesawat terbang adalah elemen kunci keberlanjutan bandara. Persepsi risiko mulai dari kebisingan lingkungan sampai sosial ekonomi, dan pola karakteristik masyarakat di permukiman sekitar Bandara HLP menjadi faktor penting yang harus dikaji dalam rangka pengelolaan bandara berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari riset ini adalah menganalisis kondisi kebisingan, persepsi risiko mulai dari kebisingan lingkungan sampai sosial ekonomi, dan korelasi antara karakteristik responden yang meliputi waktu domisili dan tingkat pendidikan dengan persepsi risiko kebisingan lingkungan di permukiman masyarakat sekitar Bandara HLP. Desain riset ini adalah cross-sectional dengan metode campuran (kuantitatif dan kualitatif). Tingkat kebisingan lingkungan di permukiman masyarakat sekitar Bandara HLP berdasarkan 16 jam pengukuran kebisingan (67.01─70.19 dBA) tidak memenuhi baku tingkat kebisingan untuk kawasan permukiman (55 dBA) sesuai regulasi. Output riset ini adalah pemetaan kebisingan Bandara HLP berbasis perhitungan WECPNL (73.80─79.72), kawasan permukiman ideal di sekitar Bandara HLP menariknya terletak di jalur take-off pesawat terbang (berjarak 600 m dari runway 06 HLP dengan WECPNL = 73,80). Persepsi risiko mayoritas responden mulai dari kebisingan lingkungan sampai dengan sosial ekonomi termasuk kategori sedang, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pertukaran yang dapat diterima dengan bertempat tinggal di sekitar Bandara HLP. Berdasarkan uji korelasi statistik Kendalls Tau-b diketahui waktu domisili dan tingkat pendidikan responden tidak berpengaruh terhadap persepsi risiko kebisingan lingkungan. ...... The commercialization of Halim Perdanakusuma (HLP) Airport since 2014 has caused an inevitable negative externality which is noise aircraft increasing. Aircraft noise abatement is a key element of airport sustainability. The risk perception from environmental noise to social-economic and the characteristics pattern of society settlement in the HLP Airports vicinity are critical factors that must be studied in the framework of sustainable airport management. The purpose of this research is to analyze noise ambience, risk perception from environmental noise to social-economic, and correlation between respondents characteristics which are domicile time and education level with the environmental noise risk perception in society settlement of HLP Airports vicinity. This research using a cross-sectional design and mixed-method (quantitative and qualitative). The environmental noise level in society settlements in the HLP Airports vicinity based on 16-hour noise measurement (67.01─70.19 dBA) does not comply with noise level standard for settlement area (55 dBA) based on regulation. The research output is the HLP Airports noise mapping based on WECPNL calculations (73.80─79.72), the ideal settlement area in the HLP Airports vicinity interestingly located in the flight path for take-off (distance 600 m from runway 06 HLP with WECPNL = 73,80). In the term of risk perception from environmental noise to social-economic, most respondents are in the moderate category which means there is an acceptable trade-off by living in the HLP Airports vicinity. Based on the statistical correlation test using Kendalls Tau-b, the domicile time and education level of respondents did not affect the environmental noise risk perception.

Abstrak :
Keluarga yang berasal dari status sosial ekonomi menengah ke bawah cenderung kurang memiliki pemahaman pengasuhan yang positif sehingga berisiko menghambat pencapaian perkembangan anak, khususnya pada periode kritis usia anak 3-5 tahun. Diperlukan intervensi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pengasuhan positif, salah satunya dengan psikoedukasi. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas psikoedukasi sebagai metode intervensi dalam meningkatkan pemahaman pengasuhan positif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek penelitian adalah 14 orang ibu berlatar belakang sosial ekonomi menengah ke bawah. Psikoedukasi dilakukan selama tiga sesi secara daring. Pengukuran pemahaman mengenai pengasuhan positif dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali, yakni sebelum psikoedukasi, segera setelah psikoedukasi selesai dan 10 hari setelah intervensi. Analisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan skor yang signifikan antara sebelum dan sesudah psikoedukasi diberikan (p < 0,05). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa terdapat peningkatan pemahaman mengenai pengasuhan positif yang dimiliki oleh ibu setelah mengikuti psikoedukasi. Sementara itu, terdapat penurunan pemahaman ibu setelah 10 hari dilakukan intervensi. Penelitian ini terbatas hanya pada ranah kognitif saja, disarankan agar dapat ditingkatkan ke ranah afektif hingga psikomotor. ......Families in middle-to-low socioeconomic status tend to have less comprehension about positive parenting, which may hinder child optimal development, especially in critical age i.e. 3 to 5 year old. Psychoeducation is one of interventions which is needed to improve comprehension of positive parenting to children. This study aims to find the effectiveness of psychoeducation in improving comprehension of positive parenting. This study design is one group pretest-posttest design. Subjects of this study are 14 mothers with middle-to-low socioeconomic status background. The psychoeducation was held for three sessions through video conference. The data were collected 3 times, before the intervention, immediately after the intervention, and 2 weeks after the intervention. Data analysis using Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test shows significant score difference between before and after psychoeducation was provided (p < 0,05). This indicates increasing score of positive parenting related understanding in mothers after attending the psychoeducation. However, there was derivation score of mothers' comprehension in 10 days after the intervention. This study limited to cognitive area, next can be elevated into affective or psychomotor area.