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"Pendidikan gizi penting untuk diajarkan pada anak sejak dini. Pengetahuan gizi yang rendah akan mempengaruhi pola makan dan meningkatkan risiko terkena penyakit degeneratif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya perubahan pengetahuan gizi pada siswa sekolah dasar. Intervensi pengetahuan gizi dilakukan menggunakan komik Gizi Seimbang dan buklet Gizi Seimbang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian praeksperimental dengan desain one-group pre-test post-test. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 76 siswa kelas 5 SDN Beji 5 Depok pada Desember 2013 dengan jumlah siswa pada kelompok perlakuan komik adalah 39 siswa dan pada kelompok perlakuan buklet adalah 37 siswa. Penelitian menggunakan kuesioner sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Analisis data menggunakan uji t berpasangan dan uji t independen. Hasil uji t berpasangan menunjukkan adanya rata-rata skor pengetahuan yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok komik saat post-test dibandingkan dengan pre-test. Selain itu terdapat rata-rata skor pengetahuan yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok komik bila dibandingkan dengan kelompok buklet. Hasil uji t independen menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara perubahan skor pengetahuan gizi total pada kelompok komik yang lebih tinggi dengan perubahan skor pada kelompok buklet. Oleh karena itu, komik dianggap sebagai media yang efektif dalam menyampaikan pesan mengenai Pedoman Gizi Seimbang bagi anak usia sekolah.

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Nutrition education is important to be taught as early as possible to children. Low nutrition knowledge will affect eating habit and increase risk to be exposed of degenerative diseases. The purpose of this study is to determine the change in nutritional knowledge of elementary school students. Nutrition education intervention is done using comic book of Balanced Nutrition and booklet of Balanced Nutrition. The study uses pra-experimental design and one-group pre-test post-test method. The study was conducted on December 2013 to 76 5th grade students of SDN Beji 5 Depok, with comic intervention group consisted of 39 students and booklet intervention group consisted of 37 students. The study was conducted using before and after questionnaire. Data analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test.

Result of paired t-test shows that the average score increased significantly between before and after intervention using comic book. Average score of comic group is higher than that of booklet group. Independent t-test result shows that there's significant difference between comic book group's average score and booklet group's, where comic book's higher than booklet group's. Therefore, comic book is recommended as effective media to deliver Balanced Nutritional Guide knowledge to school-age students."

"In this study we estimated empirically the impact of U.S.D.A funded school feeding program on household food expenditures and food behavior in the case of Indonesia. The focus was on children associated food expenditures an aspect of food behavior which is particularly relevant for households' day-to-day decisions affecting their food expenses and consumption. The basic data indicated a positive correlation (p=.65) between household whose children receiving milk at school and household food expenditure: participating households have higher child-related food expenditures, more milk consumption at home, and more percentage of food expenditures to income.We used a reduced-form model of household pattern of expenditure, which controls for relevant household and location characteristics, to estimate the impact of program components to household food expenditure and food behavior. The underlying structural equations treat school feeding program's outputs (milk ration and advocacy) as an input, together with relevant household characteristics, in the household's decision-making process of food consumption. The effects of milk consumption by the children operate through (at least) three mechanisms: sharing of information in peer group, influencing household meals provider with their preference, and broadened household food preference. The magnitude of the children food preference effect was found to be similar to that of program directed to the parents.Differences between two groups of sample are found for most household expenditures, but to be quite the same for most nominal characteristics such as education, location of living, and magnitude of information. With few exceptions, there is no difference in non-food expenditure between these groups.The increasing demand for milk, both in experimental group and control group, suggest the potential of a large Indonesian market for dairy products in the future. But it may leave behind domestic supplier (dairy farmers) in the competition because of free market policy, intensive and integrated marketing efforts by foreign supplier whose efforts are integrated in the program. Consistent and integrated policies on agricultural products are the conditions needed.The differences in consumption patterns between these two groups, and among areas groups imply that development in aggregate consumption patterns in Indonesia will be affected not only by aggregate income growth but also by changes in the distribution and channeling system of information. Using children as channel of promoting behavior change in food pattern is promising."

"Kuantitas dan kualitas konsumsi pangan merupakan masalah penting yang harus diperhatikan, terhadap timbulnya masalah gizi. Kelebihan atau kekurangan terhadap satu atau beberapa jenis pangan akan mengakibatkan kekurangan terhadap zat zat gizi tertentu terutama zat gizi mikro, sedangkan konsumsi pangan yang seimbang, baik secara kuantitas dan kualitas dapat mencegah keadaan salah gizi, baik kekurangan maupun kelebihan gizi serta penyakit yang menyertainya kemudian.Secara umum, kuantitas konsumsi pangan penduduk pada 6 Kotamadya di Propinsi Sumatera Barat telah cukup baik (diatas 90% dari Tingkat Konsumsi Energi), baik pada daerah perkotaan maupun pedesaan. Kualitas konsumsi pangan yang dilihat menurut tingkat keragamannya, terutama yang berasal dari beras belum menunjukkan penurunan, bahkan meningkat sedikit dari tahun sebelumnya (63.4%), yaitu 64% dan 66.2% pada daerah perkotaan dan daerah pedesaan. Konsumsi protein yang berasal dari hewani relatif sangat tinggi, sedangkan konsumsi protein nabati, terutama yang berasal dari kacang kacangan cukup rendah. Skor PPH secara umum telah melampaui target skor PPH nasional tahun 1997 (72.26), yaitu 82.74 dan 78.66 untuk daerah perkotaan dan daerah pedesaan.Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey potong lintang, dengan jumlah sampel 1021 keluarga yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan perbedaan konsumsi pangan keluarga yang dilihat dari kuantitas, yaitu rata rata konsumsi energi dan kualitas yang dilihat dari keragaman konsumsi pangan dan skor PPH pada daerah perkotaan dan pedesaan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan antara konsumsi energi keluarga diperkotaan dan keluarga pedesaan. Besar keluarga merupakan varibel yang berhubungan dengan kuantitas dan kualitas konsumsi pangan keluarga. Sedangkan secara kualitas dapat dikatakan terdapat perbedaan skor PPH keluarga diperkotaan dan skor PPH keluarga dipedesaan (p< 0.05), dimana skor PPH daerah perkotaan lebih tinggi dari pada skor PPH daerah pedesaan. Selain variabel daerah tempat tinggal, variabel jumlah keluarga merupakan variabel yang berperan dominan berhubungan dengan konsumsi energi dan skor PPH nasional diantara variabel independen lainnya.Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa walaupun dengan skor mutu konsumsi pangan yang telah baik, belum dapat dikatakan keragaman konsumsi pangan juga baik. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat dijadikan bahan pertimbangan dalam peningkatan program gizi, khususnya program penganekaragaman pangan, sesuai dengan anjuran PUGS.

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The Analysis of Quantity and Quality of Family Food Consumption using Desirable Dietary Pattern or Pola Pangan Harapan (PPH) approach in Urban and Rural Area in every district of West Sumatera Province in 1997The quantity- and quality food consumption are important matter to pay attention, in relation with nutrition problem. Over and less in one or more kinds of food will cause lack of certain nutrition substances, especially micro nutrition, while balance food consumption, either in quantity or in quality can prevent the condition of malnutrition, either under nutrition or over nutrition and their following disease.Generally, the quantity of population food consumption in 6 districts in west Sumatra province is quite good (above 90% of energy consumption level), both in rural and urban areas. The quality of food consumption seen according to its diversity level, especially that is made of rice has not decreased, but it even has increased composed to the previous year (63.4%), that is 64% and 66.2% in rural and urban areas. Protein consumption originating from animals is relatively very high, while protein consumption originating from vegetables, especially from peas is relatively low, The PPH score , generally, exceeds the 1.997 national PPH score target (72.26), that is 82.74 and 78.66 for urban and rural areas.The kind of this research is cross sectional survey, using 1021 samples of family aimed to find out the description and difference of family food consumption seen from the quantity point of view, that is energy consumption diversity and PPH score in rural and urban areas.The result of this research shows that there's no difference between urban and rural family food consumption. In quantity point of view it can be said that there is PPH score difference between urban and rural families (p < 0.05), where PPH score in urban area is higher than in rural area. Beside domicile variable, family size variable plays a role dominantly in relation with energy consumption and national PPH score among other variables. In this research it can be conclude that, even though the score of food consumption quality is good, it cannot yet be said that food consumption diversity will be automatically good. It is hoped that this research can be used as a consideration in increasing nutrition program, especially food diversification program, in accordance with guideline nutrition balance proposition."

"Indonesia is still bound to problems associated with nutritional status. There were 16 and 19 provinces in which prevalence of underweight school-age boys and girls are above the national prevalence. Knowledge about nutrition is one of the factors that can affect nutrition intake. Nutrition intake itself plays a role in determining nutritional status. This study aims to determine nutritional status and its relationship to the level of knowledge about protein-calorie deficiency in school-aged children of Kampung Kids. Data was retrieved on October 18th, 2009 by performing an anthropometric physical examination and giving questionnaires to be answered by 78 school-aged children enrolled in Kampung Kids.The results showed there were 40 children (51.3%) undernutritioned, 25 children (32.1%) was having short-stature, and 30 children (38.5%) were thin. There are 2 subjects (2.6%) who have a good level of knowledge about protein-calorie deficiency, while 7 people (9%) has moderate knowledge level, and about 69 people (88.5%) has bad level of knowledge. Fisher's Exacts test shows that there is no significancies between nutritional status with the level of knowledge about protein-calorie deficiency (p = 1.000). In conclusion, nutritional status is not significantly related with the level of knowledge about protein-calorie deficiency on school-aged children in Kampung Kids.

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Indonesia tidak lepas dari masalah terkait status gizi. Terdapat 16 dan 19 propinsi yang prevalensi anak usia sekolah laki-laki dan perempuan yang bertubuh kurusnya berada di atas prevalensi nasional. Pengetahuan tentang gizi merupakan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi asupan gizi. Asupan gizi sendiri berperan dalam menentukan status gizi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi dan hubungannya dengan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai kekurangan kalori protein anak usia sekolah di Yayasan Kampung Kids. Data diambil pada tanggal 18 Oktober 2009 dengan melakukan pemeriksaan fisik antropometri serta pengisian kuesioner oleh 78 anak usia sekolah yang terdaftar di Yayasan Kampung Kids.

Hasilnya menunjukkan terdapat 40 orang (51,3%) bergizi kurang, 25 orang (32,1%) bertubuh pendek, serta 30 orang (38,5%) bertubuh kurus. Subyek yang memiliki tingkat pengetahuan mengenai kekurangan kalori protein baik sejumlah 2 orang (2,6%), sedang 7 orang (9%) dan tingkat pengetahuan kurang 69 orang (88,5%). Pada uji Fisher Exacts tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara status gizi dengan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai kurangan kalori protein (p= 1,000). Disimpulkan status gizi dengan tingkat pengetahuan mengenai kekurangan kalori protein anak usia sekolah yayasan Kampung Kids tidak berhubungan secara bermakna."

"Status gizi kurus merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang harus mendapat perhatian. Baduta merupakan kelompok rentan dimana kecepatan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan otak sangat pesat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh intervensi susu dan edukasi Pedoman Gizi Seimbang Pangan Lokal (PGS-PL) terhadap status gizi baduta kurus. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian studi analisis data sekunder dengan disain penelitian primer kuasi eksperimental. Kelompok 1 sebagai kontrol (n=31) diberikan edukasi Pemberian Makan Bayi dan Anak (PMBA), kelompok 4 (n=25) diberikan susu dan edukasi PMBA dan kelompok 5 (n=30) diberikan edukasi PGS-PL selama 90 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perubahan BB/PB yang signifikan (p<0.05) antara sebelum dan sesudah pada kelompok 1 dan 4, kecuali kelompok 5. Kelompok 4 mengalami perubahan status gizi lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok lainnya. Disarankan untuk mempertimbangkan susu formula pertumbuhan 1-3 tahun sebagai salah satu intervensi pada program PMT yang diberikan bagi anak dengan status gizi kurus.

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Wasting is a public health issue that must be noticed. Under two children are the vulnerable group where the speed of growth and brain development is very rapid. The purpose of this study was to know effect of milk and "Pedoman Gizi Seimbang Pangan Lokal (PGS-PL)" education to nutritional status of under two children with wasting. This research was a research study of secondary data analysis with quasi-experimental primary research design. Group 1 as control (n=31) were given "Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF)" education, group 4 (n=25) were given milk and IYFC education and group 5 were given PGS-PL education for 90 days. The result showed significant (p>0.05) changes in WHZ before and after intervention in group 1 and 4, except group 5. Group 4 have changes nutritional status was higher compared other groups. Recommended consider for milk growth formula 1-3 years as one of the interventions in the PMT program give to children with wasting."