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Abstrak :
Salah satu syarat "die" adalah tidak mudah mengalami abrasi atau goresan ketika pembuatan pola malam dan percobaan "casting". Pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa umumnya para dokter gigi maupun teknisi tidak melakukan pengadukan dental stone tipe IV menurut instruksi pabrik ataupun aturan standar. Dengan demikian, dapat diduga hasil akhir die yang diperoleh, kekerasannya tidak sebaik kekerasan dental stone yang diaduk sesuai dengan instruksi pabrik ataupun aturan standar, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi "fitness" restorasi cekat. Untuk itu, dilakukan penelitian cara pengadukan dental stone tipe IV yang sesuai dengan instruksi pabrik dan tidak menyalahi aturan standar untuk mengetahui pengaruh cara pengadukan terhadap kekerasan dental stone tipe IV. Pengadukan dilakukan dengan menggunakan mesin kondisi hampa udara, mesin kondisi tanpa hampa udara dan manual. Uji kekerasan dilakukan menggunakan alat indentasi "Vickers Hardness Tester" dengan beban 31,25 kg. Indentasi dievaluasi menggunakan "Frank Hardness Microscope". Gambaran rnikro dari permukaan spesimen dievaluasi dengan "Scanning Electron Microscope". Hasil uji Anova 1-arah dan test Scheffe menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna antara ketiga cara pengadukan (< 0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa cara pengadukan yang mengicuti instruksi pabrik dan menggunakan mesin hampa udara dapat meningkatkan nilai kekerasan dental stone tipe IV.

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In the effort of producing a well-fit restoration, die material should be hard enough to resist scratch and abrasion during the wax-up and try-in procedures. Unfortunately, in mixing the dental stone type IV for working model and die, many dentists and dental technicians neglect the direction for use given by the manufacturer. It is assumed, that the hardness is lower by then, but not enough scientific proof has been reported. For this reason, a study is conducted to investigate the influence of spatulation on the hardness of the type 1V dental stone. The sample groups were divided into 3 groups. Each group was mixed differently, one group using a vacuum machine, one group using non vacuum machine and one group manually. Hardness was measured by means of Vickers indentor with 31.25 kg load. The indentation was evaluated using Frank Hardness Microscope. The surface of the samples were examined with SEM. One-way Anova and Scheffe test showed that each group differed significantly one to other (< 0.05). It can be concluded that the result gained with vacuum machine mixing is harder than by the other mixing procedures.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Labioplasti dan palatoplasti merupakan tindakan definitif dalam tatalaksana celah bibir dan langit-langit. Pasca tindakan pembedahan, rata-rata ditemukan konstriksi lengkung gigi dalam arah antero-posterior dan lateral. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi dimensi lengkung gigi pada pasien UCLP dan BCLP pasca labioplasti dan palatoplasti menggunakan model studi pada usia 5 tahun. Metode: Dilakukan pencetakan model studi rahang atas dan bawah pada pasien UCLP dan BCLP pasca labioplasti dan palatoplasti, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran lebar lengkung gigi anterior dan posterior serta panjang lengkung gigi rahang atas dan bawah. Hasil perbandingan antar kelompok dan dengan kelompok kontrol dilakukan menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dan Kruskal-Wallis. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada dimensi lengkung gigi rahang atas antara kelompok kontrol, UCLP dan BCLP. Kesimpulan: Gangguan tumbuh kembang lengkung gigi pada pasien UCLP dan BCLP pasca labioplasti dan palatoplasti tercermin pada model studi saat pasien berusia 5 tahun ......Background: Labioplasty and palatoplasty has been becoming the mainstay of treatment in cleft patients. Dental arch constriction in lateral and antero-posterior direction was among the most frequently encountered feature in the operated cases. Purpose: To evaluate the dental arch dimension of operated UCLP and BCLP cases by using dental cast at five years of age Method: dental arch dimensions were measured from the dental cast of the operated UCLP and BCLP cases. The results were compared between both group and a control group consisted of normal subjects. The statistical analysis was performed with Mann-Whitney and Kruskall-Wallis test. Results: There were statistically significant differences on the upper dental arch dimensions between those groups. The differences were also observed at the lower dental arch but not statistically significant. Conclusion: Dental arch constriction of the operated cases of UCLP and BCLP could be observed from the dental cast at five years of age.

Abstrak :
Background: Early operated patients with orofacial cleft often develop a retrusive maxilla. It is not clear whether this growth disturbance is attributed to the congenital malformation itself or to the cleft surgery or both. Objective: To evaluate transversal and anterio-posterior maxillary development in unoperated adult patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Methods: 68 dental casts of unoperated adult UCLP patients were compared to 24 adult controls. The casts were analysed three dimensionally using an industrial coordinate measuring machine (=CMM) (Zeiss Numerex; Carl Zeiss Stutgart, Germany). 12 cephalograms of unoperated UCLP patients and 24 controls were available and measured for the following variables: Maxillary length, SNA, SNB, Gonial angle and SN-FH angle. The data obtained was analysed by paired t-test, level of significance was set at p<0,05. Results: measured on dental casts, the transversal distance at the level of the second molars was significantly wider and at the level of first premolar and canine significantly smaller compared to the control group. Cephalometrically there were no significant differences for the 5 cephalometric measurements. Conclusions: the presence of a cleft influences the development of the maxilla: The more extensive the cleft, the more extensive the effect of the dental arch, but the compression of the maxillary arch is limited to the anterior region. Measured cephalometrically the cleft has no influence on the anterio-posterior development of the maxilla. However, the sample size for the cephalometric study was small.