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"Secara umum, lignoselulosa terdiri dari selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin yang membentuk struktur kompleks yang sulit dihancurkan. Pretreatment bertujuan untuk mendegradasi hemiselulosa dan lignin dari biomassa lignoselulosa serta meningkatkan aksesibilitas enzim ke selulosa yang merupakan bahan baku untuk proses konversi lebih lanjut menjadi produk bernilai tambah. Bahan biomassa memiliki komposisi lignoselulosa yang berbeda-beda yang dapat mempengaruhi proses pretreatment. Masing-masing strategi pretreatment memiliki kelebihan dan keterbatasan tersendiri. Pretreatment biologis merupakan metode yang ramah lingkungan dan hemat energi karena menggunakan mikroorganisme untuk mengatasi sifat rekalsitran biomassa lignoselulosa. Jamur pelapuk putih mampu mendegradasi lignin melalui produksi enzim ligninolitiknya, berupa lakase, lignin peroksidase (LiP), dan mangan peroksidase (MnP). Tujuan penulisan ini adalah memberikan rangkuman penelitian terkait pretreatment biologis menggunakan jamur pelapuk putih dan mekanismenya sebagai mikroorganisme yang dapat mendegradasi lignin. Selain itu, dibahas juga berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi proses biodelignifikasi. Perlu penelitian lebih lanjut terkait optimalisasi berbagai parameter kondisi kultur agar dapat meningkatkan efisiensi proses pretreatment biologis.

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Lignocellulosic biomass mainly consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin which form complex structures that are difficult to destroy. Pretreatment is significance for the degradation of hemicelluloses and lignin from the lignocellulosic biomass to make cellulose more accessible for further enzymatic process in its conversion into value-added products. Biomass materials have different lignocellulosic compositions which can affect the pretreatment process and requires certain strategy for effective treatment. While each pretreatment strategy has its own strengths and limitations. Biological pretreatment is considered to be an environmentally friendly process with low energy input and low disposal costs for it utilizes lignin-degrading microorganisms to reduce the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass. White rot fungus are able to degrade lignin by producing ligninolytic enzymes, such as laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP), and manganese peroxidase (MnP). The purpose of this paper is to presents an overview of studies related to biological pretreatment using white rot fungi and its mechanism as a lignin degrading microorganism. In addition, various factors affecting biodelignification process are also discussed. Further research related to parameters optimization of culture conditions is needed in order to increase the efficiency of the biological pretreatment process."

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