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Fundamentals of Physical Volcanology is a comprehensive overview of the processes that control when and how volcanoes erupt. Understanding these processes involves bringing together ideas from a number of disciplines, including branches of geology, such as petrology and geochemistry; and aspects of physics, such as fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. This book explains in accessible terms how different areas of science have been combined to reach our current level of knowledge of volcanic systems. It includes an introduction to eruption types, an outline of the development of physical volcanolo.

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A spellbinding exploration of the history's greatest volcanic events and their impacts on the history of humankind.

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Di wilayah Majalengka di daerah Sukamurni, Kecamatan Maja, rembesan minyak yang muncul di endapan vulkanik muda ditemukan. Penemuan minyak merembes di batuan termuda di Cekungan Bogor, terutama di wilayah Majalengka, memberi indikasi adanya sumber batuan yang bisa menghasilkan minyak. Penelitian ini akan dilakukan di daerah perbatasan antara Majalengka dan Cirebon. Di wilayah penelitian, survei geofisika menggunakan metode seismic aktif telah dilakukan, namun hasil yang didapatkan tidak baik karena terdapat lapisan batuan vulkanik yang menghalangi proses eksplorasi. Selain itu, pada daerah penelitian juga telah dilaksanakan survey geofisika menggunakan metode AMT, hasil inversi dan interpretasi menunjukan ketebalan batuan vulkanik pada daerah penelitian setebal 150 m. Untuk memverifikasi analisis AMT dan untuk memperbaiki resolusi resistivitas, kami melakukan survei geoelektrik. Selain itu, metode geolistrik dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kedalaman dan ketebalan batuan vulkanik dengan resolusi tinggi. Data geoelektrik telah diproses dengan menggunakan Parameter Dar-Zarouk yang mengasumsikan bahwa bumi bersifat heterogen dan anisotropi yang memiliki variasi resistivitas ke segala arah. Pendekatan memperkirakan nilai resistivitas anisotropi dengan menghitung resistivitas longitudinal dan transversal.

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Abstract In the region of Majalengka in the area Sukamurni, District Maja, oil seepage that emerged in young volcanic deposits was discovered. The discovery of oil seeps in the the youngest rocks in Bogor Basin, especially in the region of Majalengka, gives an indication of the presence of source rock that can generate oil. The research will be carried out in the border area between Majalengka and Cirebon. In the research area, geophysical survey using active seismic method has been carried out, however, the results obtained because of the volcanic layer that inhibit the exploration process. In addition, in the research area has also been conducted geophysical survey using AMT method, the inversion and interpretation results showed the thickness of the volcanic rocks as thick as 150 m. To verify the AMT analysis and to improve resistivity resolution we performed geoelectric survey. Moreover, geoelectric method can be used to estimate the depth and thickness of volcanic rocks in a high resolution. The geoelectric data have been processed by using Dar Zarouk Parameters that assumes the earth is heterogeneous and anisotropy which has resistivity variationin all directions and has irregular shapes. This approach also estimates the value of resistivity media by calculating the longitudinal and transverse resistivity.

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Program pengklasifikasi gempa volkanik otomatis menggunakan jaringan syaraf tiruan tipe pengelompokan pola adaptif waktu nyata (RTAC) telah dibuat. Pola spektral gempa dipakai sebagai masukan atau ruang cid. Program ini mampu melakukan proses adaptasi did terhadap perubahan kondisi lingkungan. Adaptasi did dilakukan dengan caramendefmisikan kelas pola gempa baru dan bobot pengetahuan jaringan syaraf baru atau ...