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"Mengetahui pcngaruh pemberian kombinasi suplementasi vitamin E dan C terhadap peroksidasi lipid pada usila dengan hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian uji klinis paralel, tertutup timggai, alokasi acak, untuk membandingkan kadar malondialdehida usila 2,60 tahun dengan hiperkolesterolemia yang mendapatkan kombinasi supiementasi vitamin E 400 IU dan vitamin C 500 mg, masing~masing sebutir sehari selama 45 hari dengan kelompok yang mendapat vitamin E 400 IU dan plascbo.Terdapat 42 subyek penelitian yang berasal dari Yayasan Kebagusan, Yayasan Yasni, dan Yayasan Yakin, Pasar Minggu Jakarta Selatan yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 21 orang. Data yang diambil adalah : data dcmograti, antropometzi, data asupan makanan pada minggu pertama, ketiga dan ketujuh, kadar kolesterol LDL dan MDA plasma sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji t-tidak bezpasangan bila distribusi nonnal dan uji Manmwhimey bila distribusi tidak normal dengan tingkat kemaknaan p<0.05. Sebanyak 20 subyek penelitian dad masing-masing kelompok yang dapat mengikuti penelitian sampai sclesai. Sebelum perlakuan, nilai median kadar kolesterol LDL kelompolc vitamin E+plasebo dan vitamin E+C masing- masing adalah I46.50(l30-190) mg/dL dan 146.50(l3I-196) mg/dL. Setelah 45 hari perlakuan, rerata kadar kolesterol LDL kelompok vitamin E4-plasebo (151.9.+:2.2.l mg/dl.) meningkat sedangkan kelompok vitamin B+-C (l46.8i28.21 mg/dL) menurun. Sebelum p¢rIakuan, nilai median kadar MDA plasma kelornpok vitamin E+plasebo dan rerata kadar MDA plasma kelompok vitamin E4-C masing-masing adalah 2.63(l.92-4.42) nmol/ml., dan 3.03:l:0.62 nmol/mL. Setelah 45 haii pcrlakuan rerata kadar MDA plasma kedua keiompok menunm menjadi 2.30i0.67 nmol/mL (p<0.01) pada kelompok vitamin E+plasebo dan 28810.88 nmol/mL (p=0.36) untuk kelompok vitamin E+C. Penurunan kadar MDA plasma kelompok vitamin E+plasebo lcbih besar (-0.5:!:0.55 nmol/mL) daripada kelompok vitamin E+C (-0.28(l.31-1.63) nmol/mL), tetapi dcngan uji statislik terhadap kedua nilai tersebut, tidalc berbeda bcrma!ma(p=0.09). Pembenan kombinasi vitamin E dan vitamin C pada usila dengan hiperkolesternlemia tidak dapat rnenurunkan kadar MDA plasma lcbih besar dibandingl-can dengan hanya pemberian vitamin E.

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This parallel, single blind, randomization clinical trial purpose was to compare plasma malondyaldehydc level in hypercholesterolemic elderly aged more than 60 years old. Forty two people from Yayasan Kebagusan, Yayasan Yasni and Yayasan Yakin, Pasar Minggu, South Jakarta which participated the study, were divided into two groups. Twenty one elderly were supplemented with 400 IU vitamin E and 500 mg vitamin C for 45 consecutive days, while the other group was supplemented with 400 IU vitamin E and placebo. The data of demographic, anthropometric, food intake in the first, third and seventh weeks, plasma LDL and MDA levels before and alter period were taken. Statistical analyzes was performed by SPSS 11.5.

Twenty people for each group had followed the study until the end of period. Before study, LDL cholesterol median for vitamin E + placebo group and vitamin E+C group were 146.50(l30-190) mg/dL and l46.50( 130-190) mg/dL respectively. Alter 45 of days treatment, there was an increase in mean LDL cholesterol in vitamin E + placebo group 15l.9i22.1 mg/dL while in vitamin E+C group was decreased to l46.8:l:28.2l mg/dl Before study, plasma MDA level in vitamin E + placebo group and vitamin E+C group were 2.63(l.92-4.42) and 3.031052 nmol/mL, respectively. After 45 days, mean MDA plasma in vitamin E + placebo group was 2.30i0.67 nmol/mL (p<0.01) and was 2.881088 nmol/ml.. (p=0.36) in vitamin E+C group. The decreased on plasma MDA levels in vitamin E+placebo group was higher (-0,510.55 nmol/mL) than vitamin E+C (-0.28(1.3l-1.63) nmol/mL), but statistical test showed not significant different between both group (p=0.09). Combined supplementation vitamin E and vitamin C in hypercholesterolemic elderly couldnot decrease plasma MDA higher than supplementation of vitamin E alone."

"Homosistein merupakan asam amino kelompok sulfhidril dari hasil metabolisme metionin. Faktor-faktor seperti, penuaan, defisiensi asam folat, vitamin B6 dan B12, dapat meningkatkan kadar homosistein. Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan desain studi potong lintang yang bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara asupan folat dengan kadar homosistein pada usila perempuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama bulan Desember 2012 sampai Januari 2013 di Pusaka 12 (Tomang) dan Pusaka 39 (Senen). Pengambilan subyek dilakukan dengan cara cluster random sampling, dan didapatkan 55 orang subyek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara meliputi usia, tingkat pendidikan, penghasilan, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) semikuantitatif untuk menilai asupan folat, vitamin B6 dan B12. Pengukuran antropometri yaitu berat badan (BB) dan tinggi lutut (TL) untuk menilai status gizi berdasarkan indeks massa tubuh (IMT) serta pemeriksaan laboratorium meliputi kadar homosistein. Didapatkan rerata usia 69,2±6,3 tahun. Malnutrisi terdapat pada 78,2 % subyek. Sebagian besar subyek penelitian, memiliki asupan folat, vitamin B6 dan B12 yang kurang dari angka kecukupan gizi (AKG), yaitu masing-masing 92,7%, 87,3% dan 80%. Median asupan folat berbahan kedelai 17,9(0,75–151,2)%. Median kadar homosistein 13,95(7.92–29,21)μmol/L. Hiperhomosisteinemia ringan dan sedang didapatkan sebanyak 23,6% dan 3,6%. Pada penelitian ini tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara asupan folat, vitamin B6 dan vitamin B12 dengan kadar homosistein (p=0,702, p=0,624, dan p=0,658).

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Homocysteine is an amino acid sulfhydryl group from the metabolism of methionine. Homocysteine levels influenced by various factors, ie aging, deficiency of folic acid, vitamin B6 and B12, can raise homocysteine level. The aim of the cross sectional study was to determine the relationship between intake of folate with homocysteine levels in elderly women. Data collection was conducted during December 2012 to January 2013 at the Pusaka 12 (Tomang) and Pusaka 39 (Senen). Subjects were obtained using cluster random sampling, and 55 subjects who met the study criteria were recruited. Data were collected through interviews include age, education level, income, and semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to assess intake of folate, vitamin B6 and B12.

Anthropometric measurements of the body weight (BW) and high-knee (TL) to assess the nutritional status based on body mass index (BMI) as well as laboratory examinations include homocysteine levels. This study obtained a mean age of 69.2 ± 6.3 years. Malnutrition was occurred in 78.2% of subjects. Majority of the subjects had intakes of folate, vitamin B6 and B12 were less than the nutritional adequacy rate (RDA), which is respectively 92.7%, 87.3% and 80%. Median folate intake from soybeans 17.9 (0.75 to 151.2)%. Median levels of homocysteine 13.95 (7.92-29,21) μmol/L. Mild hyperhomocysteinemia and intermediate hyperhomocysteine were obtained as 23.6% and 3.6%. No significant association was found between intake of folate, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 with homocysteine levels (p = 0.702, p = 0.624, and p = 0.658)."

"Latar belakang: Kelelahan yang muncul akibat aktivitas kerja dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas di kalangan pekerja di dunia. Hal ini mempengaruhi kinerja fisik dan mental selama jam kerja, yang muncul dalam berbagai tanda dan gejala. Vitamin B1, B6, dan B12 menjadi salah satu pendekatan farmakologis untuk mengatasi masalah kelelahan. Namun, hanya sedikit penelitian yang menjelaskan mengenai efek dari konsumsi multivitamin ini bagi orang dengan intensitas kerja yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi pengaruh multivitamin B1, B6, dan B12 terhadap kelelahan pada pekerja.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian berbasis bukti dengan menggunakan artikel penelitian terkait dari lima database terkemuka. Artikel penyaringan artikel dilakukan dengan menghilangkan judul dan abstrak yang tidak relevan, memilih artikel dengan bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia, menggunakan metode Randomized Control Trial, Systematic Review, serta menjelaskan tentang kelelahan. Artikel dengan data yang tidak lengkap dan eksperimen non-manusia dikeluarkan dari penelitian. Semua artikel yang diperoleh dianalisis lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan pedoman dari Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Universitas Oxford.Hasil: Didapatkan tiga studi yang valid dan relevan dengan metode Randomized Control Trial (RCT), studi pertama oleh Clarissa et. al. dengan 24 sampel didapatkan adanya pengaruh pemberian asupan vitamin B1, B6 dan B12 terhadap terjadinya kelelahan otot pada fase anaerob dengan nilai RRR 36% dan ARR 29,17% (p = 0.035). Studi kedua oleh Dodd et. al. dengan 82 sampel didapatkan pemberian multivitamin B1, B6 dan B12 meningkatkan oksidasi karbohidrat untuk energi saat latihan (p = 0.0001 untuk kelelahan mental, p = 0.029 untuk kelelahan fisik) dengan nilai RRR 29% untuk kelelahan mental, 17% untuk kelelahan fisik, dan didapatkan nilai ARR 10% untuk kelelahan mental, 10% untuk kelelahan fisik. Sedangkan studi ketiga oleh Ferorelli et. al didapatkan terjadi penurunan gejala kelelahan yang signifikan pada 50 sampel yang diberikan vitamin B1, B6 dan B12 (p < 0.00001) dengan nilai RRR 34% dan nilai ARR 34%.Kesimpulan: Ketiga artikel menunjukkan hasil positif mengenai pemberian multivitamin B1, B6, dan B12 dalam mengurangi kelelahan. Namun, studi terkait pemberian vitamin B dengan kelelahan masih sangat terbatas, dan jumlah sampel yang kecil dalam studi yang ada maka pemberian vitamin B1, B6 dan B12 belum direkomendasikan sebagai terapi adjuvant untuk menurunkan kelelahan pada pekerja. Tatalaksana okupasi lebih diutamakan dalam penanganan pekerja dengan kelelahan.

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Background. Fatigue emergence due to working activity could lead morbidity and mortality among workers in the world. It affected to the physical and mental performance during working hours, which appeared in various sign and symptoms. Vitamin B1, B6, and B12 were being a pharmacological approach to address fatigue problem. However, only few studies explained regarding the effects of these multivitamin consumption for people with high intensities of working. Therefore, this study was carried out to explore the effect of multivitamin B1, B6, and B12 intake on the incidence of fatigue among workers.

Methods. This study was an evidence-based report using related research articles from five reputable databases. The article screening has employed by eliminating irrelevant title and abstract, selected articles with English and Bahasa Indonesia, used randomized Control Trial, Systematic Review, and explaining fatigue. Articles with incomplete data and non-human experiments were excluded from study. All obtained articles were analysed further using guideline from the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, University of Oxford.

Results. Three valid and relevant studies were obtained with the Randomised Control Trial (RCT) method, the first study by Clarissa et. al. with 24 samples found the effect of vitamin B1, B6 and B12 intake on the occurrence of muscle fatigue in the anaerobic phase with an RRR value of 36% and ARR 29.17% (p = 0.035). The second study by Dodd et. al. with 82 samples found that giving multivitamins B1, B6 and B12 increased carbohydrate oxidation for energy during exercise (p = 0.0001 for mental fatigue, p = 0.029 for physical fatigue) with an RRR value of 29% for mental fatigue, 17% for physical fatigue, and obtained an ARR value of 10% for mental fatigue, 10% for physical fatigue. While the third study by Ferorelli et. al found a significant reduction in fatigue symptoms in 50 samples given vitamins B1, B6 and B12 (p < 0.00001) with an RRR value of 34% and an ARR value of 34%.

Conclusion. The three articles showed positive results regarding multivitamins B1, B6, and B12 intake in reducing fatigue. However, studies related to the administration of vitamin B with fatigue are still very limited, and the sample size is small in the existing studies, so the vitamins B1, B6 and B12 intake has not been recommended as adjuvant therapy to reduce fatigue in workers. Occupational management takes priority in handling workers with fatigue."

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