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"Chitosan, a cationic polysaccharide derived from the cuticle of crustacean, ispromoted as a remedy to reduce fat absorption, might help reducing body weight andnormalizing lipid profile without any harmful effect. However, its clinical effectivenessfor this condition remains disputed. Therefore, study on that matters are required toinvestigate the effect of chitosan on human body weight and lipid profile. This research report is divided in three sequential parts. Part 1 contentscomprehensive reviews on the background and rationale of the study, problemstatements, literature review, causal model, objectives of the study and the hypotheses. Part 2 covers manuscript for publication entitled ?The effects of chitosan onbody weight, body fat and lipid profiles among Vietnamese overweight obesitydyslipdaemia female teachers? that presents the main findings of the study. Themanuscript is written in accordance with the ?Instructions for Authors? of PeerReviewed Journal ?Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition?. Part 3 consists of detailed questionnaire, methodology, and other importantresults that are not included in manuscript. Form used for inform consent as well asreferences are also attached. Hopefully, this research report will give more information for better understandof the emerging issues and give benefit for future studies."

"In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Vietnamese dynasties attempted to extend their reach to Vietnam’s northern uplands—one of the most important regions in the integration of the state. This study examines local governance in the northern uplands during the early Nguyễn period, through an analysis of official documents—particularly the report submitted by the governor-general of the northern provinces (tổng trấn Bắc Thành) in the tenth month of the tenth year of Gia Long (1811). During the eighteenth century, the Lê Dynasty (r. 1428–1527, 1533–1789) depended on local chieftains to administer tax collection and military service in each commune of the northern uplands. After occupying northern Vietnam, the Nguyễn Dynasty found it difficult to gather information on the local chieftains in the northern uplands. It was unable to allocate sufficient resources and manpower to gather this information. In addition, regional officials (such as the governor-general of the northern provinces) did not provide this information to the Nguyễn court, and only some local chieftains cooperated with the Nguyễn Dynasty. Until 1810, the number of chieftains who took on the responsibility of tax collection, drafting soldiers in each commune, and gathering information on the northern uplands—thus cooperating with the Nguyễn Dynasty’s local system of governance—was smaller than the number during the Lê Dynasty. In 1810 the Nguyễn court compiled a list of local chieftains in the northern uplands; this list included the chieftains’ names, the communes where they were registered, and the communes where they collected taxes and drafted soldiers. This indicates that the Nguyễn court attempted to govern the upland provinces by consolidating information on the chieftains. However, it was still difficult for the Nguyễn court to gain full information on the local chieftains since the governor-general of the northern provinces and provincial officials appointed them without reporting to the court. This continued until the Minh Mạng emperor’s (r. 1820–41) well-known reforms, including abolishing the post of governor-general of the northern provinces and the hereditary status of local chieftains. Thus, through examining the transitioning local governance in the northern uplands, this study clarifies the Nguyễn Dynasty’s difficulty in integrating the state during its early years."