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Abstrak :
Tujuan: Mengetahui kadar vitamin E plasma, malondialdehida plasma dan kebiasaan merokok pekerja laki-laki. Hasilnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu dasar memperbaiki pola hidup untuk menurunkan risiko aterosklerosis pada perokok dan bukan perokok. Tempat: PT. Nasional Gobel - Bogor Jawa Barat. Metodologi: Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional pada 115 pekerja laki-laki, yang merokok dan tidak merokok, berusia 20-55 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan, dan terpilih secara simple random sampling, menggunakan tabel bilangan acak. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi : umur, pendidikan, penghasilan, IMT, persentase lemak tubuh, asupan lemak, asupan serat, asupan vitamin E, kadar vitamin E plasma dan MDA plasma. Hasil: Median kadar vitamin E plasma subyek yang tidak merokok [24,76 (I8,89-50,61) μmol/L] lebih tinggi dari subyek yang merokok [23,80 (12,25-38,14) μunol/L]. Median kadar MDA plasma subyek yang tidak merokok [0,61 (0,22-4,75) nmol/mL] lebih rendah dari subyek yang merokok [0,68 (0,32-3,01) nmol/mL]. Tidak didapat hubungan yang bermakna (p > 0,05) antara asupan vitamin E, kadar vitamin E plasma, kadar MDA plasma dengan kebiasaan merokok. Terdapat korelasi positif yang bermakna (p < 0,05) antara IMT (r = 0,28), persentase massa lemak tubuh (r = 0,25) dengan kadar vitamin E plasma. Didapatkan korelasi negatif yang sangat lemah (r = -0,11) antara kadar vitamin E dengan MDA plasma pada subyek penelitian yang tidak merokok dan pada subyek yang merokok hampir tidak didapat korelasi (r = -0,07) dan tidak bermakna secara statistik. Kesimpulan: Didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar vitamin E plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma pada pekerja laki-laki yang tidak merokok dan yang merokok. ...... Objective: To study plasma vitamin E concentration, MDA concentration and smoking habit male workers. The results are expected to be used as one of the basis to enhance life pattern, and to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis. Place: PT. National Gabel Bogor, West Java. Method: A cross sectional study was carried out among 115 male smoking workers and non smoking workers, age 20-55 years old, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected by simple random sampling using random table. Data collection consist of age, education, income, body mass index, fat mass percentage, fat intake, vitamin E intake, plasma vitamin E and MDA concentrations. Results: Median of plasma vitamin E concentration among non smokers was higher [24,76(18,89-50,61) μmol/L] than smokers [23,80(12,25-38,14) μmol/L]. While median of plasma MDA concentration among non smokers [0,61(0,22-4,75) μmol/L] was lower than smokers [0,68(0,32-3,01) μmol/mL]. There were no significant relationship (p>0,05) between vitamin E intake, plasma vitamin E concentration, plasma MDA concentration and smoking. There were significant (p<0,05) positive correlation between body mass index (r=0,28), fat mass percentage (r=0,25) and plasma vitamin E concentration. Weak negative correlation was found between plasma vitamin E and MDA concentration. Conclusions: There was weak negative correlation but not significant between plasma vitamin E and MDA concentration in smoking workers.

Abstrak :
Keluhan perdarahan endometrium merupakan efek samping utama yang menjadi alasan akseptor KB susuk menghentikan cara KB yang dipergunakannya. Hal ini merupakan problem penting bagi Program Keluarga Berencana Nasional. Penyebab perdarahan endometrium ini mungkin karena adanya gangguan proses regenerasi jaringan endometrium, termasuk juga gangguan proses angiogenesis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas angiogenik endometrium peserta KB susk dengan dan tanpa perdarahan. Diharapkan dari hasil penelitian ini dapat mengembangkan cara terapi non hormonal pada perdarahan endometrium. Subyek diambil dari akseptor KB susuk dan telah menggunakan KB susuk selama 3-9 bulan. Untuk pemeriksaan angiogenesis digunakan metoda Folkman. Eksplan endometrium ditanam dalam matriks gel kolagen 3 dimensi yang berisi sel endotel dari umbilikalis manusia dan ditanam selama 96 jam. Potensi aktivitas angiogenik diukur dengan derajat migrasi sel endotel menuju eksplan ( skor 0 - 4 ). Kadar plasma estrogen, progesteron dan SHBG dimonitor selama 2 minggu sebelum biopsi. Telah diperiksa aktivitas angiogenik dari 26 kontrol dan 46 akseptor. Hasilnya menunjukkan skor aktivitas angiogenik dari kontrol lebih tinggi peserta KB susuk. ( skor 1 hampir 0 dengan p C 0,001 ). Skor aktivitas angiogenik pada akseptor dengan perdarahan lebih rendah dari akseptor tanpa keluhan perdarahan, namun perbedaan ini tak bermakna. Kadar plasma estrogen, progesteron tidak mempunyai korelasi yang bermakna dengan aktivitas angiogenik endometrium.

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The Effect Of Vitamin E On Endometrial Angiogenic Response In Implant Contraceptive Users With Bleeding ProblemsThe bleeding problems can be one of the major reason for acceptors discontinuing the use of hormonal contraceptives. The cause of endometrial bleeding may be the disturbances of endometrial regeneration and also the disturbances of angiogenic process. The aim of this study is to look for the differences in endometrial angiogenic activity from women using Implant contraceptives with and without bleeding. The results of this study may provide the basis for developing non hormonal therapy for patients with endometrial bleeding. Subjects was selected from implant contraceptive acceptors and they have had an exposure 3-9 month to implant contraceptives. The Folkman method was applied in the angiogenesis assay. The endometrial explants were placed in a 3 dimensional collagen gel matrix containing suspended Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells and culture for 96 hours. The potency of angiogenic activity was measure by the migration of the endothelial cells toward explants ( score 0 - 4 ). Blood serum levels of estrogen, progesteron and SHBG were monitored for 2 weeks prior to biopsy. The endometrial angiogenic activity from 26 controls and 46 acceptors were measured. The results showed that the endometrial angiogenic activity from controls were significantly higher from Implant contraceptive acceptors (score 1 vs approximately 0 with p t 0,001). The endometrial angiogenic activity in acceptors with endometrial bleeding were lower than the acceptors without bleeding, but the differences was not significant. The plasma levels of estrogen and progesteron have no correlation with the endometrial angiogenic activity.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
KB susuk (kontrasepsi implantasi levonorgestrel/ Norplant) adalah alat kontrasepsi yang efektif, dapat digunakan jangka panjang dan dapat diterima oleh wanita Indonesia. Efek samping yang berupa pendarahan tak teratur, sering dan lama merupakan alasan utama akseptor KB susuk untuk putus metoda.

Pada penelitian tahap I dan II telah diperoleh hasil bahwa aktivitas angiogenesis endometrium peserta KB susuk lebih rendah dari kontrol. Aktivitas angiogenesis ini tidak ada hubungannya dengan kadar hormon estradiol ,progesteron, levonorgestrel dan indeks levonorgestrel bebas. Kadar serum peroksida lipid peserta KB susuk dengan perdarahan endometrium lebih tinggi dari kontrol. Inkubasi endometrium dengan vitamin E (in vitro) dapat meningkatkan aktivitas angiogenik endometrium peserta KB susuk dengan pendarahan.

Penelitian tahap ke III ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek pemberian vitamin E pada peserta KB susuk yang mengalami perdarahan endometrium yang lama, sering dan tak teratur terhadap keluhan perdarahan endometriumnya.

Naracoba adalah peserta KB susuk yang minimal telah menggunakan, kontrasepsi tersebut selama 3 bulan, mengalami perdarahan endometrium yang lama/sering/tak teratur (menurut definisi WHO), umur 18-40 tahun, sehat, bersedia menjadi naracoba dan menandatangani 'informed consent.

Pemberian vitamin E diberikan secara acak, tersamar berganda. Dosis pemberian vitamin E adalah 200 mg/hari, selama 10 hari. Hasil sementara menunjukkan, pemberian vitamin E mengurangi keluhan perdarahan endometrium sebesar 69,7% , sedangkan pemberian plasebo mengurangi keluhan perdarahan sebesar 37,5%

Walaupun hasil pemberian vitamin E ini belum dapat dianalisa sempurna karena jumlah naracoba belum mencukupi, namun kiranya pemberian vitamin E memberikan kesan akan dapat mengurangi keluhan perdarahan endometrium pada pemakai kontrasepsi susuk.

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ABSTRACT
The levonorgestrel subdermal implant contraceptive (Norplant) as a highly method for long acting contraception. The method is well accepted among Indonesian users, despite the problem with irregular and prolonged menstrual bleeding. The bleeding problem can be the major reason for acceptors to discontinue the use of Norplant. The cause of endometrial bleeding may include disturbances in endometrial regeneration and angiogenesis.

The study consists of 3 stages. The results of the first and the second study showed that the endometrial angiogenic activity in Norplant users were significantly lower than control group. There was no correlation between endothelial angiogenic activity and peripheral hormonal levels (progesterone, oestradiol, levonorgestrel) and free levonorgestrel index. The plasma lipid peroxyde in Norplant users with bleeding were significantly higher than control group. Vitamin E could increase the response of endometrial angiogenic (in vitro) in Norplant users with bleeding problems.

The aim of the third study is to investigate the effect of vitamin E in the Norplant users with bleeding problems.

The subjects were selected from Norplat users with an exposure of 3 months or more, with frequent, prolonged and irregular menstrual bleeding, 18-40 years old and recruited to the study on the basis of fully informed consent.

Vitamin E were given by double blind randomization. Subject received vitamin E 200 mg daily for ten days every month. The temporary results showed that vitamin E was better than placebo to reduce the endometrial bleeding (69.7% versus 37.5%) in Norplant users. However, the study has not finished yet, it is suggested that vitamin E can reduce the bleeding problem in Norplant users.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Peningkatan stres oksidatif selama penuaan, dianggap sebagai kontributor utama pada proses neuro-degenerasi dan kehilangan neuron, dan merupakan faktor utama dalam patologi penyakit Alzheimer dan penurunan kognitif terkait usia. Vitamin E merupakan antioksidan potensial yang menjadi fokus utama penelitian gangguan fungsi kognitif dan penyakit Alzheimer. Penelitian potong lintang pada populasi lansia sehat di Kelurahan Cikoko ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2014 untuk menilai hubungan antara kadar vitamin E serum dengan fungsi kognitif. Selain itu juga menilai asupan vitamin C dan E dengan metode FFQ. Penilaian fungsi kognitif dengan instrumen MoCA-Ina. Pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengetahui kadar vitamin E menggunakan metode HPLC. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney dan Chi-square. Sebagian besar subyek (75,9%) adalah perempuan dengan usia rata-rata 65 tahun. Sementara, kadar rata-rata vitamin E adekuat, yaitu 21,6 μmol/L. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara kadar vitamin E serum dengan fungsi kognitif yang dinilai dengan skor MoCA-Ina. Meskipun berat badan normal hingga obes I menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dengan skor kognitif (r = 0,17 p = 0,026), tetapi tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara asupan vitamin C dengan fungsi kognitif (r = 0,19 p = 0,15) atau antara asupan vitamin E dengan fungsi kognitif (r = 0,04, p = 0.72) pada penelitian ini. Kesimpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar vitamin E serum dengan fungsi kognitif.

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ABSTRACT
Oxidative stress increases during ageing, is considered as a major contributor to neuro-degeneration and neuronal loss, and is a primary factor in the pathology of both Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease during aging as a potent antioxidant. A cross-sectional study of an elderly population in Cikoko Regency in December 2014 was conducted to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and cognitive function in elderly. Correlation between intakes of vitamin C and E as well as Body Mass Index to the MoCA-Ina scores were also investigated. Fifty four elderly were included in the study and interviewed for their vitamins intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Cognitive function was examined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina). Levels of vitamin E serum were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. The majority of the subjects were female (75.9%) with median age 65 years old. While, the median levels of vitamin E was 21.55 μmol/L. The result of this study showed that there was no association between vitamin E level and MoCA-Ina scores. Although normal weight to obese I was significantly associated with cognitive scores (r = 0,17 p = 0.026), no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and cognitive function scores (r = 0.19 p = 0.15) or between vitamin E intake and MoCA-Ina scores were found in this study (r = 0.04, p = 0.72). In conclusion, there is no association between vitamin E serum and cognitive function.;Oxidative stress increases during ageing, is considered as a major contributor to neuro-degeneration and neuronal loss, and is a primary factor in the pathology of both Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease during aging as a potent antioxidant. A cross-sectional study of an elderly population in Cikoko Regency in December 2014 was conducted to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and cognitive function in elderly. Correlation between intakes of vitamin C and E as well as Body Mass Index to the MoCA-Ina scores were also investigated. Fifty four elderly were included in the study and interviewed for their vitamins intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Cognitive function was examined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina). Levels of vitamin E serum were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. The majority of the subjects were female (75.9%) with median age 65 years old. While, the median levels of vitamin E was 21.55 μmol/L. The result of this study showed that there was no association between vitamin E level and MoCA-Ina scores. Although normal weight to obese I was significantly associated with cognitive scores (r = 0,17 p = 0.026), no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and cognitive function scores (r = 0.19 p = 0.15) or between vitamin E intake and MoCA-Ina scores were found in this study (r = 0.04, p = 0.72). In conclusion, there is no association between vitamin E serum and cognitive function., Oxidative stress increases during ageing, is considered as a major contributor to neuro-degeneration and neuronal loss, and is a primary factor in the pathology of both Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease during aging as a potent antioxidant. A cross-sectional study of an elderly population in Cikoko Regency in December 2014 was conducted to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and cognitive function in elderly. Correlation between intakes of vitamin C and E as well as Body Mass Index to the MoCA-Ina scores were also investigated. Fifty four elderly were included in the study and interviewed for their vitamins intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Cognitive function was examined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina). Levels of vitamin E serum were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. The majority of the subjects were female (75.9%) with median age 65 years old. While, the median levels of vitamin E was 21.55 μmol/L. The result of this study showed that there was no association between vitamin E level and MoCA-Ina scores. Although normal weight to obese I was significantly associated with cognitive scores (r = 0,17 p = 0.026), no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and cognitive function scores (r = 0.19 p = 0.15) or between vitamin E intake and MoCA-Ina scores were found in this study (r = 0.04, p = 0.72). In conclusion, there is no association between vitamin E serum and cognitive function.]

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manfaat vitamin E untuk menurunkan kadar F2a-isoprostan, mempertahankan fluiditas dan aktivitas enzim Na*-K? ATPase membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas jaringan plasenta penderita pre-eklampsia. Sampel plasenta diambil dari RSB Budikemuliaan, Tanah Abang Jakarta Pusat. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September 2003 - Maret 2005. Isolasi sel dan membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas dilakukan berdasarkan metode yang dikembangkan oleh Smith et ai. (1977), Rand (1997), dan Lodish (2000). F2a-isoprostan diisolasi dengan kromatografi dan diukur dengan kit F2a-isoprostan menggunakan ELISA Reader pada JL = 450 nm. Fluiditas dihitung dengan rasio molar kadar kolesterol:fosfolipid. Kolesterol diukur menggunakan Modular C800 dan fosfolipid diukur dengan spektrofluorometer Shimadzu RF5301PC dengan filter eksitasi 267 nm dan emisi 307 nm. Probe fosfolipid adalah 1,6-difenil-1,3,5-heksatrin (DPH) dan pelarut tetrahidrofuran. Aktivitas enzim Na*-K? ATPase diukur dengan spektrofotorneter pada it = 660 nm. Kadar protein diukur dengan spektrofotometer pada IL = 280 nm. Data dianalisis dengan Anava 1 Arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji LSD (Least Significant Difference). Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil: (1) kadar F2a-isoprostan membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas plasenta fetalis pada penderita pre-eklampsia yang mendapat vitamin E lebih rendah secara sangat bermakna dibanding pada penderita pre-eklampsia yang tidak mendapat vitamin E (p < 0,01), (2) membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas plasenta fetalis pada penderita pre-eklampsia yang mendapat vitamin E lebih 'fluid' dibanding penderita pre-eklampsia yang tidak mendapat vitamin E secara bermakna (p < 0,05), (3) pemberian vitamin E tidak mempengaruhi aktivitas enzim Na'-K* ATPase membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas plasenta fetalis pada penderita pre-eklampsia (p > 0,05). Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa vitamin E mampu: (1) menurunkan kadar F2a-isoprostan dan (2) mempertahankan fluiditas membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas plasenta fetalis pada penderita pre-eklampsia, (3) tidak berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas enzim Na*-K* ATPase membran sel sinsitiotrofoblas plasenta fetalis pada penderita pre-eklampsia.

Abstrak :
Vitamin E merupakan salah satu vitamin yang sering dijumpai dalam produk kosmetik. Vitamin ini tidak hanya berfungsi sebagai pelembab alami tetapi juga memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan, anti radang dan melindungi kulit dan kerusakan yang diakibatkan oleh sinar ultra violet. Sabun sebagai salah satu kosmetik pembersih juga menggunakan vitamin E yang berperan sebagai pelembab alami dan antioksidan. Penelitian jul bertujuan untuk mencari metode analisis vitamin E secara kromatografi gas dengan menggunakan kolom baja tahan karat yang berisi OV-17 3% dalam Kromosorb WHIP 80/100 mesh, dengan panjang kolom 1 m, diameter 3,2 mm, detektor ionisasi nyala dan gas N 2 sebagai pembawa. Penyiapan sampel dilakukan dengan cara penyarian menggunakan heksan. Hasil optimum metode kromatografi gas dicapai pada temperatur kolom 230°C, temperatur ruang suntik 300°C dan temperatur detektor 300°C. Atenuasi rekorder 2, sensitivitas detektor 102 dan tekanan gas N2 300 kPa. Analisis menggunakan metode mi memberikan basil uji perolehan kembali sebesar 98,76% ± 0,76 %. Kadar vitamin E sebagai a-tokofenl asetat yang terdapat dalam empat sampel sabun berkisar antara 0,05%-0,09%. ......Vitamin E is one of the vitamin which is often found in cosmetic products. The function of vitamin E are a natural moisturizer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and skin protector against the damage caused by ultra violet radiation. Soap as one of the cleansing cosmetics also uses vitamin E as a natural moisturizer and antioxidant. The aim of this research is to find the method of analysis vitamin E by using Gas Chromatography with stainless steel column containing stationary phase OV-17 3 % in Chromosorb WI-IP 80/100 mesh, 2 m length, 3,2 mm diameter, flame ionization detector and N2 as a carrier gas. The sample preparation was done by extraction using hexane. And optimum / result of Gas Chromatography at column temperature 230°C, injector port temperature 300°C and detector temperature 300°C. Recorder attenuation 2, sensitivity detector 102 and N2 gas pressure 300 kPa. The recovery test of this method have 98,76% ± 0,76%. The concentration of vitamin E as a-tocopheryl acetate in four soap samples were 0,05%-0,09%.

Abstrak :
Kulit yang sehat dan bersih dapat dirawat dengan menggunakan produk perawatan kulit (skincare). Salah satu kandungan pada produk perawatan kulit yang banyak digunakan ialah niasinamida. Niasinamida dapat lebih efektif ketika dienkapsulasi oleh niosom yang mengandung vitamin E (tokoferol asetat). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat niasinamida terenkapsulasi niosom yang mengandung vitamin E untuk uji antimikroba terhadap bakteri Cutibacterium acnes. Niosom dibuat menggunakan Span® 60 dan tokoferol asetat dengan metode thin film hydration. Niosom yang dibuat di penelitian ini menggunakan tiga variasi konsentrasi tokoferol asetat, yaitu 0, 5, dan 10%. Niosom ditentukan efisiensi enkapsulasi, potensial zeta, dan ukuran partikelnya. Aktivitas antimikroba niosom terhadap bakteri C. acnes dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode broth dilution. Efisiensi enkapsulasi niosom niasinamida tanpa tokoferol asetat (72%) lebih rendah dibandingkan niosom niasinamida yang mengandung tokoferol asetat (99%). Niosom yang diperoleh memiliki ukuran partikel ≥ 1000 nm dan potensial zeta -3 sampai -0,8. Niosom niasinamida yang mengandung tokoferol asetat 10% memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap C. Acnes dengan nilai OD600 sebesar 1,598. ......Healthy and clean skin can be maintained using skin care products. One of the ingredients in skin care products that is widely used is niacinamide. Niacinamide can be more effective when encapsulated by niosomes containing vitamin E (tocopherol acetate). In this research, antimicrobial activity of Niosome-encapsulated niacinamide was determined against Cutibacterium acnes. Niosomes were prepared using Span® 60 and tocopherol acetate by thin film hydration method. The different concentration of tocopherol acetat were used in this research, i.e. 0, 5, and 10%. Niosomes were determined for their encapsulation efficiency, zeta potential, and particle size. The antimicrobial activity of niosomes against C. acnes bacteria was carried out using broth dilution method. The encapsulation efficiency of noisome-encapsulated niacinammide without tocopherol acetate (72%) was lower than that of niacinamide niosomes containing tocopherol acetate (99%). Niosomes obtained had a particle size of ≥1000 nm and a zeta potential of -3 until -0,8. Niosome-encapsulated niacinamide containing 10% tocopherol acetate had antimicrobial activity against C. acnes with a OD600 value of 1,598.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Serat asbes yang terinhalasi masuk ke dalam alveolus menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan produksi reactive oxigen spesies (ROS) yang dapat memicu terjadinya reaksi inflamasi. Interleukin 6 merupakan penanda reaksi inflamasi akibat pajanan serat asbes. Vitamin C dan E merupakan antioksidan yang bekerja sebagai scavenger ROS. Vitamin C juga dapat menghambat aktivitas faktor transkripsi NFқB. Vitamin E selain dapat menghambat aktivitas faktor transkripsi JAK/STAT3 dan NFқB, juga dapat menghambat aktivitas COX2 dan LOX5. Penelitian potong lintang di sekretariat serikat buruh pabrik asbes X Kabupaten Karawang bulan Oktober 2014 dilakukan untuk menilai korelasi asupan vitamin C, E dengan kadar interleukin 6 pada pekerja pabrik asbes. Lima puluh dua pekerja pabrik asbes berhasil menyelesaikan protokol penelitian. Hasilnya menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna (p >0,05) antara asupan vitamin C dengan kadar IL-6 dan antara asupan vitamin E dengan kadar IL-6. Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar vitamin C dengan kadar IL-6 (r = 0,31) dengan p <0,05, namun tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar vitamin E dengan kadar IL-6.

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ABSTRACT
Asbestos fibers that are inhaled into the alveoli cause increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may trigger inflammation reaction. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a marker of inflammation reaction caused by asbestos fibers exposure. Vitamin C and vitamin E are antioxidants acting as ROS scavengers. Vitamin C can also inhibit the activity of transcription factor NFқB. Vitamin E can inhibit the activities of transcription factors JAK/STAT3 and NFқB as well as the activities of COX2 and LOX5. A cross-sectional sudy at a labor union secretariat in Karawang Regency in October 2014 was conducted to evaluate the correlations between intakes and levels of vitamin C and vitamin E and level of IL-6 in asbestos factory workers. Fifty two asbestos factory workers finished the study. The result showed no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and IL-6 level or between vitamin E intake and IL-6 level. There was a moderate positive correlation between vitamin C level and IL-6 level (r = 0.31, p <0.05), but there was no correlation between vitamin E level and IL-6 level.

Abstrak :
Sel sperma manusia memproduksi reactive oxygen species (ROS) selama respirasi mitokondria dalam jumlah rendah yang dapat membantu berbagai jalur persinyalan. Produksi ROS fisiologis pada sel sperma dapat mengatur karakteristik fungsional yang penting seperti motilitas, kapasitasi, reaksi akrosom, hiperaktivasi, dan fusi sperma-oosit. Namun ROS yang terlalu banyak justru akan menyebabkan efek sebaliknya. Pada penelitian sebelumnya, dilaporkan bahwa α-tokoferol mampu meningkatkan motilitas dan melindungi sperma dari efek buruk stres oksidatif. Namun mekanisme molekuler efek tersebut masih belum jelas. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan suplementasi α-tokoferol pada sel sperma untuk dianalisis terhadap beberapa parameter diantaranya, kadar MDA, motilitas, integritas membran, kapasitasi melalui ekspresi fosforilasi tirosin, ketahanan hidup melalui ekspresi Akt pada sel sperma, dan apoptosis melalui ekspresi caspase 3. Hasil dari penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa penambahan α-tokoferol tidak dapat menurunkan kadar MDA sel sperma. Namun pada parameter lain, penambahan α-tokoferol dapat meningkatkan motilitas, integritas membran sel, ekspresi fosforilasi tirosin, ekspresi fosforilasi Akt, dan menurunkan ekspresi caspase 3 pada sel sperma. ......The sperm cells of humans produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) during mitochondrial respiration in low amounts that can aid various signaling pathways. Physiological ROS production in sperm cells can regulate important functional characteristics such as motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction, hyperactivation, and sperm-oocyte fusion. However, an excess of ROS can have adverse effects. In previous studies, it has been reported that α-tocopherol can enhance motility and protect sperm from the harmful effects of oxidative stress. However, the molecular mechanisms of these effects are still unclear. In this study, α-tocopherol supplementation was performed on sperm cells to analyze several parameters, including MDA levels, motility, membrane integrity, capacitation through tyrosine phosphorylation expression, survival through Akt expression in sperm cells, and apoptosis through caspase 3 expression. The results of this study indicate that the addition of α-tocopherol cannot reduce MDA levels in sperm cells. However, in the other parameters, the addition of α-tocopherol can increase motility, membrane integrity, tyrosine phosphorylation expression, Akt phosphorylation expression, and decrease caspase 3 expression in sperm cells.

Abstrak :
Mengelahui efek pemberian suplementasi vitamin C dan E terhadap kadar malondialdehida plasma pada perokok kretek filter selama empat minggu di Jakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis paralel, acalg tersamar tunggal antara kelompok yang inendapat suplementasi vitamin C dan E (P) dengan kelompok yang mendapat plasebo (K). Sebanyak 40 orang perokok kretek filterr di rumah makan, Jakarta Utara memenuhi ln-iteria dan diikutkan dalam penelitian Dilakukan randomisasi blolc untuk menentukan kclompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan suplementasi vitamin C 500 mg dan E 400 IU/hari selama empat minggu, dan kclompok kontrol mendapat plasebo. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data demograti (usia, konsumsi rokok, indeks Brinkman, tekanan dan lg kadar glukosa darah puasa, kadar kolesterol tétal), IMT, analisis asupan zat gizi, kadar malondialdehida plasma. Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan atau uji Mann Whimsy dengan batas kemaknaan p <0,05. Karakteristik demografi subyek pada awal penelitian meliputi usia, konsumsi rokok, indeks Brinkman, tel-canan damh, Radar glukosa darah puasa, kadar kolesterol total, IMT , analisis asupan zat gizi, kadar malondialdchida plasma antara kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol homogen. Rerata kadar MDA plasma awal pada kelompok perlakuan dan pada kelompok kontrol 1,39i0,19 vs 1,34=b=0,09 nmol/mL. Pada akhir perlakuan, rerata kadar MDA plasma sabesar 1,18=l=0,22 pada kelompok perlakuan dan 1,3 1=k0,13 nmol/mL kelompok kontrol, berbeda bermakna (p <0,03‘7). Setelah suplementasi vitamin C 500 mg dan E 400 IU/hari selama empat minggu tcrdapat perbedaan bermakna renta kadar MDA plasma antara kedua kelompok.

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Abstract
To investigate the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on plasma malondialdehycle in clove cigarettes smokers during four weeks in Jakarta This is a parallel randomized single-blind clinical study between interventional group with vitamin C and E supplementation (P) and control group with has placebo (K). Forty clove cigarettes smokers in Rmtaurant, Jakarta had fulfilled the criteria and recruited in the research. Subjects were allocated by block randomization into intervention and control group. Intervention group treated with vitamin C 500 mg and vitamin E 400 IU daily for 4 weeks, while control group treated with placebo. Data collection includes demographic characteristic (age, smoking habits, Brinkman index, blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol), body mass index (BMI), daily nutrient analysis, plasma MDA. Statistical analysis using unpairod t-test or Mann Whitney test with significant level at p < 0,05. Demographic characteristic (age, smoking habits, Brinlcman index, blood pressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol), body mass index (BMI), daily nutrient analysis, plasma MDA between both groups were homogen. Initial plasma MDA in the intervention group. and control were l,39=|=0,l9 vs l,34=l=0,09 nmol/tnL. After intervention plasma MDA were l,l8=k0,22 in the intervention group and 1,3l£),13 nmol/mL in control group (p <0,03'7). After supplementation of vitamin C 500 mg/day and vitamin E 400 IU/day during 4 weeks, showed significantly differences average of plasma MDA between two groups.