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""This book has three key aims: first, to show how the legal treatment of cohabiting couples has changed over the past four centuries, from punishment as fornicators in the seventeenth century to eventual acceptance as family in the late twentieth; second, to chart how the language used to refer to cohabitation has changed over time and how different terms influenced policy debates and public perceptions; and, third, to estimate the extent of cohabitation in earlier centuries. To achieve this it draws on hundreds of reported and unreported cases as well as legislation, policy papers and debates in Parliament; thousands of newspaper reports and magazine articles; and innovative cohort studies that provide new and more reliable evidence as to the incidence (or rather the rarity) of cohabitation in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century England. It concludes with a consideration of the relationship between legal regulation and social trends"-- Provided by publisher.Contents Machine generated contents note: 1. Introduction; 2. Fornicators: the punishment of illicit sex; 3. No name: law, morality and precedent; 4. Unmarried wives in war and peace; 5. Living in sin: concerns and changes; 6. 'Stable illicit unions': cohabitation and the reform of divorce law; 7. Common-law wives: the 1970s and the creation of a myth; 8. Live-in lovers: trying to get back to basics; 9. Partners: New Labour and neutrality; 10. Conclusion."

"Meningkatnya usia wanita yang menunda menikah atau memilih tidak menikah (bankonka) menjadi masalah sosial yang serius di Jepang. Penurunan tingkat kelahiran berkontribusi terhadap perubahan drastis dalam komposisi populasi di Jepang. Ada beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan wanita tidak menikah di Jepang, seperti pendidikan, karier yang baik, dan kebijakan pemerintah terhadap wanita di Jepang. Kebijakan womanomics di Jepang sebagai sebuah upaya untuk menciptakan kesetaraan gender melalui pendidikan dan dunia kerja bagi wanita telah menciptakan dilema. Di satu sisi perempuan dituntut untuk menjadi sosok intelektual tetapi sistem patriarki yang membatasi, mendorong perempuan Jepang menuntut kebebasan. Studi ini menganalisa pendidikan tinggi sebagai pilihan rasional untuk wanita Jepang dalam mewujudkan kebijakan wanita. Sementara peluang perempuan di sektor publik berbanding terbalik dengan peran mereka di sektor domestik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan hasil data sekunder dalam jurnal. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan tinggi sangat mempengaruhi keputusan perempuan dalam memilih untuk menunda bahkan keputusan untuk tidak menikah sama sekali.

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The increasing age of Late married women or choosing unmarried (bankouka) makes serious social problems in Japan. The decline in birth rates contributes to drastic changes in population composition in Japan. There are several factors that cause unmarried women in Japan, such as education, good careers, and government policy towards women in Japan. The womenomics policy in Japan as an effort to create gender equality through education and the world of work for women has created a dilemma. On the one hand women are required to be an intellectual but patriarchal system that restricts, encouraging Japanese women to demand freedom.

This study analyzes higher education as a rational choice for Japanese women in realizing womenomics policies. While women's opportunities in the public sector are inversely proportional to their role in the domestic sector. This research uses qualitative method by using the result of secondary data in journal.

The results of the analysis of this study indicate that higher education significant affects the decision of women in choosing to delay even the decision not to marry at all."

"ABSTRAKConcubinaqe merupakan suatu ikatan antara pasangan heteroseksual/homoseksual. Pasangan concubinaqe menjalani hidup bersama tanpa menikah. Kini di Prancis, hidup bersama tanpa menikah merupakan satu hal yang wajar. Pasangan concubinaqe memiliki pembagian hak dan kewajiban yang jelas seperti halnya pasangan menikah...

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