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Abstrak :
Dalam menjadikan Rusia menjadi kekuatan Global, Rusia melakukan aneksasi terhadap Krimea pada 2014. Aneksasi Krimeaatau reunifikasi Rusia-Krimea ini menuai banyak kecaman, khususnya dari Group of Seven. Hal ini dianggap ilegal dan melanggar hukum yang berlaku. Berbagai macam media telah memberitakan mengenai kasus aneksasi Krimea ini, dapat dikatakan media menjadi peranan penting dalam menyampaikan pesan terhadap masyarakat luas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian studi kasus dengan menerapkan teori geopolitik imperatif untuk mengidentifikasikan bagaimana strategi geopolitik mempengaruhi pandangan serta respon media nasional dan media internasional negara-negara Group of Seven. Hasil yang didapatkan, strategi geopolitik yang dilakukan Rusia cukup mempengaruhi pandangan media internasional Group of Seven dan kurang mempengaruhi pandangan media nasional Group of Seven. ......In making Russia a global power, Russia annexed Crimea in 2014. The annexation of Crimea or reunification Rusia-Crimea has drawn a lot of criticism, especially from the Group of Seven. This act is considered illegal and violates applicable laws. Various media have reported about the Crimea annexation case, it can be said that the media has played an important role in conveying messages to the wider community. This research uses a case study method by applying imperatif geopolitical theory to identify how geopolitical strategies affect the views and responses of Group of Seven national media and international media. The results obtained, the geopolitical strategy carried out by Russia quite influenced the Group of Seven international media views and less influenced the views of the Group of Seven national media.

Abstrak :
This essay analyzes T. Shevchenko’s Haidamaky (1841) and Shin Dongyup’s Geum Gang (1967) from the perspective of cultural history, focusing on the preservation of collective memory through oral tradition and its culmination in historical poems. The two narrative poems have similar features: the historical meaning of the sujetevent, the structure of the poem, the character of the protagonists, and the way in which the memory of the people is fixed in poems. Both poems claim to be based on collective memories transmitted by the elder generation to the younger. Household and village storytelling, and songs of itinerant people, contribute to spreading the memory of historical events and to consolidating national consciousness. Historical poems serve as a mediator of collective memory and written history by transmitting the people’s memory in textualized form to future generations. With reference to these examples, we can reconsider the question of the making of nations and of national consciousness.

Abstrak :
This study is the first to provide a detailed estimation of the hecatomb in terms of number of deaths and life expectancy. The famine of 1933 was alone responsible for the deaths of 2.6 million Ukrainians and reduced male and female life expectancies to 7 and 11 years respectively. Once the crises of the 1930s and 1940s were over, the earlier trend in health resumed and mortality declined steadily until the 1960s. At this point, however, a new type of crisis appeared that caused a sustained reversal in the existing trends. Life expectancy for women stopped increasing altogether, while that for men began a relentless year on year regression. Notwithstanding the confusing picture created by the fluctuations of the 1980s and 1990s, the long-term trend is to further deterioration. To understand the factors involved, this study analyses in detail the combined effects of different causes of death at different ages.​