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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai transparansi keuangan daerah melaui tingkat pengungkapan informasi keuangan yang bersifat mandatory dan voluntary di website pemerintah daerah dan meneliti faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat transparansi dengan menggunakan kerangka Public Choice Theory. Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 371 pemerintah daerah kabupaten dan kota di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengamati informasi keuangan daerah yang dipublikasi di website pemda pada periode Oktober-Desember 2015. Tingkat transparansi daerah diukur berdasarkan indeks melalui skoring dari kriteria-kriteria yang telah disusun.Hasil penelitian berdasarkan indeks menunjukkan bahwa tingkat transparansi keuangan daerah di website pemda masih rendah yaitu hanya sebesar 17,30% atau hanya 6 jenis informasi keuangan saja. Hasil uji regresi menunjukkan bahwa kompetisi politik, tingkat pendidikan kepala daerah, tingkat pendidikan masyarakat, tingkat akses internet dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat berpengaruh positif terhadap transparansi keuangan daerah di website pemerintah daerah. Sedangkan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat berpengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap transparansi keuangan daerah di website.

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This study aims to assess the level of financial transparency through financial disclosures that are mandatory and voluntary on the local government website and examine the factors that affect the level of transparency by using the framework of Public Choice Theory. The samples in this study are 371 local government districts and cities in Indonesia. The study was conducted by observing the area of financial information published on the website of the local government in the period from October to December 2015. The level of transparency of the area measured by the index through the scoring of the criteria that have been prepared.

The results based on the index indicates that the level of financial transparency in the local government website is still low at only amounted to 17.30%, or only 6 item of financial information. Regression test results show that political competition, educational level of the district head, the level of citizen education, the level of internet access and the level of voter participation has positive influence on local government financial transparency on the website. While the level of social welfare has no significant effect on the local government financial transparency."

"Elektroda konduktor transparan (TCE) adalah bahan lapisan tipis yang memiliki konduktivitas listrik dan sifat transmitansi yang tinggi. Bahan TCE umumnya berupa oksida logam seperti Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). Namun, kelemahan ITO adalah harganya yang relatif mahal dan rapuh, sehingga mendorong pengembangan bahan alternatif lain seperti kawat nano perak (AgNW). Performa tinggi lapisan TCE diperoleh dari transmitansi yang tinggi (lebih dari 85%) dan memiliki nilai resistansi lembaran yang rendah, sedangkan pada umumnya lapisan dengan resistansi lembaran rendah memiliki transmitansi yang rendah. Untuk itu diperlukan upaya untuk mengoptimalkan kedua nilai tersebut. Penelitian ini telah berhasil mensintesis AgNW dengan metode kimia basah dengan panjang rata-rata 10 m dengan diameter rata-rata 46 nm dan diendapkan pada substrat kaca dengan jumlah pelarut etanol 1, 2 dan 3 ml yang bervariasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lapisan tipis Ag-1 memiliki nilai FoM tertinggi (15,6 sq.Ω-1), karena nilai resistansi lembaran terendah (24 /sq) meskipun transmitansinya paling rendah (72%). Sampel AgNW dengan volume 1 ml etanol (Ag-1) memiliki kerapatan AgNW tertinggi sehingga lebih banyak tersedia jalur untuk dilalui elektron, sehingga memiliki mobilitas yang lebih tinggi meskipun konsentrasi muatannya lebih rendah.

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Transparent conductor electrode (TCE) is a thin layer material that has high electrical conductivity and transmittance properties. TCE materials are generally metal oxides such as Indium Tin Oxide (ITO). However, the weakness of ITO is that it is relatively expensive and brittle, thus encouraging the development of other alternative materials such as silver nanowires (AgNW). The high performance of the TCE coating is obtained from its high transmittance (more than 85%) and has a low sheet resistance value, whereas in general the low sheet resistance coating has a low transmittance. For this reason, efforts are needed to optimize these two values. This research has succeeded in synthesizing AgNW by wet chemical method with an average length of 10 m with an average diameter of 46 nm and deposited on a glass substrate with varying amounts of ethanol 1, 2 and 3 ml of solvent. The results showed that the Ag-1 thin layer had the highest FoM value (15.6 sq.Ω-1), because the sheet resistance value was the lowest (24 /sq) although the transmittance was the lowest (72%). The AgNW sample with a volume of 1 ml of ethanol (Ag-1) has the highest density of AgNW so that there are more available paths for electrons to pass, so it has higher mobility even though the charge concentration is lower."

"Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) glasses play an important role in various technology, including dye sensitized solar cells. One of the most commonly used glass is indium tin oxide (ITO) glass, which is expensive. Therefore, the main purpose of this research was to determine if ITO glass can be replaced with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass, which is easier and more economic to manufacture. For this purpose, a tin chloride dehydrate (SnCl2.2H2O) precursor was doped with ammonium fluoride (NH4F) using a sol-gel method and spray pyrolysis technique to investigate the fabrication process for conductive glass. NH4F was doped at a ratio of 2 wt% in the SnCl2.2H2O precursor at varying deposition times (10, 20, and 30 minutes) and substrate temperatures (250, 300, and 350°C). The results revealed that longer deposition times created thicker glass layers with reduced electrical resistivity. The highest optical transmittance was 75.5% and the lowest resistivity was 3.32´10-5 ?.cm, obtained from FTO glass subjected to a 20-minute deposition time at deposition temperature of 300oC."