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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pembuatan objek tiga dimensi menggunakan 3D printer membutuhkan suatu mikrokontroler yang dapat bekerja dengan optimal untuk mengatur pergerakan peleleh filamen agar objek yang dibentuk memiliki kualitas terbaik. Proses pembentukan suatu objek sering kali membutuhkan waktu berjam-jam sehingga jika terjadi pemutusan listrik secara mendadak maka 3D printer harus melakukan pengulangan proses pembentukan objek dari awal. Peleleh filamen juga perlu dijaga agar suhu peleleh selalu terjaga di nilai yang sudah ditentukan sesuai karakteristik filamen yang digunakan tetapi seringkali suhu peleleh filamen tidak terjaga dengan baik. Selain itu, pengukuran kedataran heating bed 3D sprinter yang masih menggunakan waterpas memiliki akurasi pengukuran yang tidak terlalu bagus. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan adanya fitur auto continue printing berdasarkan nomor line command terakhir yang dijalankan oleh 3D printer, hot end PID tuning untuk mencari konstanta PID optimal dan auto bed leveling. Ketiga fitur diatas berbasis mikrokontroler Arduino Mega 2560 dipadu dengan single board computer Raspberry Pi 3 menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C++.

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ABSTRACT
Creating a three dimensional object using 3D printer basically need a microcontroller which could work optimal to control the movement of hot end to build a 3D object with best quality. Object creation process usually took hours, furthermore if there is sudden electricity supply cut, 3D printer must start the process from zero again. Hot end temperature need to be controlled at setpoint value based on filament characteristic that used altough sometimes hot end temperature did not controlled carefully indicate from temperature deviation from set point around 20-30 Celcius degree. Following that, level measurement on 3D printer heating bed which still use waterpass has small measurement accuracy. 3D printer need to be add some features such as auto continue printing based on latest line command that run by 3D printer, hot end PID tuning to get optimum PID constant, and auto bed levelling. All of that features are based on microcontroller Arduino Mega 2560 and Raspberry Pi 3 single board computer using C++ and programming language.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK

3D printer merupakan sumber daya yang terus berkembang dan bertambah penggunanya, baik digunakan dari konsumer kecil hingga industrial. Penggunaan 3D printer pada umumnya masih menggunakan cara konvensional dimana pengguna harus mengoperasikan alat ditempat secara langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun Remote 3D printer sehingga 3D Printer bisa diakses secara wireless dan melakukan analisis pada skenario indoor yaitu 6 skenario dengan jenis penghalang yang berbeda-beda untuk mendapatkan kondisi optimal dari perangkat agar bisa bekerja secara maksimal. Raspberry pi bekerja sebagai server antara 3D printer dengan user sehingga user dapat memonitor dan mengendalikan 3D printer dari perangkat lain secara web-based. Berdasarkan pengujian didapat performansi sistem bekerja dengan optimum pada skenario LoS dengan nilai RSSI -65 dBm dan nilai throughput 1.4 x 10⁷ Bits/s untuk sistem monitoring.

 

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ABSTRACT
3D printer is a growing resources that number of users keep increasing. Both are used from small to industrial consumers. The use of 3D printers in general is still using conventional methods where the user have to operate the printer directly. This study aims to design remote web-based 3D Printer so it can be operated wirelessly, then analyze the communication performance of Remote 3D printer in indoor scenario which varied by the kind of barrier used into 6 scenarios to obtain optimal conditions of the device in order to work optimally. Raspberry pi works as a server between 3D printers and users so that users can monitor and control 3D printers from other devices on a web-based basis. Based on the testing, it is found that the system performance works with the optimum in the LoS scenario with a RSSI value of -65 dBm and a throughput value of 1.4 x 10⁷ Bits / s for the monitoring system.

 

 

Abstrak :
This book provides a wealth of practical guidance on how to design parts to gain the maximum benefit from what additive manufacturing (AM) can offer. It begins by describing the main AM technologies and their respective advantages and disadvantages. It then examines strategic considerations in the context of designing for additive manufacturing (DfAM), such as designing to avoid anisotropy, designing to minimize print time, and post-processing, before discussing the economics of AM. The following chapters dive deeper into computational tools for design analysis and the optimization of AM parts, part consolidation, and tooling applications. They are followed by an in-depth chapter on designing for polymer AM and applicable design guidelines, and a chapter on designing for metal AM and its corresponding design guidelines. These chapters also address health and safety, certification and quality aspects. A dedicated chapter covers the multiple post-processing methods for AM, offering the reader practical guidance on how to get their parts from the AM machine into a shape that is ready to use. The books final chapter outlines future applications of AM.

Abstrak :
Backlog Rumah adalah salah satu indikator yang digunakan bidang perumahan untuk mengukur jumlah kebutuhan rumah di Indonesia. Backlog rumah dapat diukur dari dua perspektif yaitu dari sisi kepenghunian maupun dari sisi kepemilikan. Backlog Kepemilikan dihitung berdasarkan angka home ownership rate persentase rumah tangga yang menempati rumah milik sendiri. Sumber data dasar yang digunakan dalam perhitungan ini adalah bersumber dari data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) Indonesia. Berdasarkan data BPS pada tahun 2015 kekurangan kebutuhan (backlog) perumahan mencapai 11,4 juta unit atau menurun dari 2010 yang mencapai 13,5 juta unit. Dalam rangka mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat Republik Indonesia mencanangkan program pembangunan satu juta rumah. Sedangkan kebutuhan rumah bagi masyarakat terus bertambah sekitar 800.000 unit pertahun. Keadaan buruk ini harus segera diperbaiki dengan mempercepat pembanguna rumah dengan teknologi konstruksi yang tepat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengenalkan teknologi konstruksi baru, yaitu teknologi 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) untuk konstruksi perumahan secara cepat. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bisnis proses konstruksi 3DCP dengan mempertimbangkan nilai investasi dan manfaat untuk mendorong kontraktor-kontraktor di Indonesia menerapkan teknologi ini. Teknologi ini mempunyai potensi yang sangat besar untuk kegiatan konstruksi yang sangat cepat pada sektor perumahan. Hal ini dikarenakan,teknologi 3DCP tidak membutuhkan formwork untuk pembangunan rumah yang akan berdampak positif pada waktu konstruksi yang sangat singkat.

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The backlog of houses is one of the indicators used to measure the number of housing needs in Indonesia. The backlog of houses can be measured from the ownership, calculated based on the number of homeownership rate percentage households occupying houses belonging to himself. The source of basic data used in this calculation is sourced from the central bureau of statistics (BPS) Indonesia. According to the BPS in 2015 the shortage needs housing backlog reached 11.4 million units or decline from 2010 that reached 13.5 million units. In order to overcome these problems, the Ministry of public works and Housing Republic of Indonesia established the development program one million houses for 5 years. While the needs of houses growth about 800,000 units per year. This study aims to introduce the new technology of 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) for the rapid construction and develop the construction business process of 3D Concrete Printing for encouraging contractors to applicate the technology of 3DCP. This technology has a potential for the rapid industrialization of the housing sector, with benefits of reduced construction time due to no formwork requirement.

Abstrak :
3D Printing adalah metode manufaktur aditif yang menciptakan objek 3D dari model digital. Objek dibuat secara layer-by-layer dengan material seperti plastik, logam, atau bahan organik pada sebuah bed printer. Untuk objek yang lebih besar dari ukuran bed printer, mereka dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian dan disambung menggunakan metode interlocking. Penelitian ini menguji empat jenis balok (U beam, I beam, bar beam, dan hollow beam) yang terbuat dari bahan High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) dengan tiga jenis pembebanan (lentur, aksial, dan puntir). Mekanisme interlocking menggunakan pengunci male-to-female dengan variasi panjang pengunci male. Analisis tegangan dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak Autodesk Inventor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mekanisme terbaik: U beam - panjang male locker 10 cm dengan posisi pengencang 5 cm dari pangkal; bar beam dan I beam model 1 - panjang male locker 10 cm dengan posisi pengencang 1,67 cm dari pangkal; H model 2 - panjang male locker 20 cm dengan posisi pengencang 13,33 cm dari pangkal; dan hollow beam - panjang male locker 5 cm dengan posisi pengencang 1,67 cm dari pangkal. Panjang dan posisi ini menghasilkan faktor keamanan terbesar, sehingga cocok untuk aplikasi dengan beban tersebut. ......3D Printing is an additive manufacturing method that creates 3D objects from a digital model. Objects are built layer-by-layer using materials like plastic, metal, or organic matter on a printer bed. For objects larger than the printer bed, they are divided into sections and joined using interlocking methods. This research tested four types of beams (U beam, H beam, bar beam, and hollow beam) made from High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) material with three types of loading (bending, axial, and torsion). The interlocking mechanism used male-to-female locking with variations in the male locker length. Stress analysis was conducted using Autodesk Inventor software. Results showed the best mechanisms: U beam - male locker length of 10 cm with the fastener position 5 cm from the base; bar beam and H beam model 1 - male locker length of 10 cm with the fastener position 1.67 cm from the base; H beam model 2 - male locker length of 20 cm with the fastener position 13.33 cm from the base; and hollow beam - male locker length of 5 cm with the fastener position 1.67 cm from the base. These lengths and positions yielded the largest safety factors, making them suitable for applications with those loads.

Abstrak :
Tujuan: (1) Untuk menganalisis perbedaan ukuran linier gigi dan besaran crowding antara model plaster, digital, dan 3D-printed dengan berbagai derajat keparahan crowding, (2) untuk mengetahui hubungan antara derajat keparahan crowding dengan perbedaan ukuran linier gigi dan besaran crowding antara ketiga jenis model studi. Metode penelitian: 30 model studi dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok: crowding ringan (0-4 mm, n=10), sedang (4.01-8 mm, n=10), dan berat (≥8.01 mm, n=10). Model studi plaster direplikasi menjadi model digital melalui pemindaian dengan intraoral scanner Trios3. Data digital dicetak menjadi model 3D-printed berbahan resin dengan 3D-printer Formlabs2. Pengukuran dilakukan pada bidang mesiodistal, bukolingual, servikoinsisal, dan besaran crowding (selisih antara required space dibandingkan available space) pada 12 gigi di setiap model studi. Hasil: Uji statistik komparatif numerik menunjukkan perbedaan ukuran linier mesiodistal, bukolingual, servikoinsisal, dan besaran crowding yang bermakna secara statistik antara ketiga jenis model studi, baik pada kondisi crowding ringan, sedang, dan berat. Perbedaan signifikan ditemukan antara model plaster-digital dan plaster-3D-printed. Analisis Bland-Altman menunjukkan level of agreement yang tinggi antara ketiga jenis model studi terlepas dari keparahan crowding. Hasil pengukuran model digital dan 3D-printed memiliki tendensi lebih besar dibandingkan dengan model plaster, namun perbedaan pengukuran antar model studi relatif kecil (<0.5 mm). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan ukuran linier gigi dan besaran crowding antara model plaster, digital, dan 3D-printed yang siginifikan secara statistik namun tidak relevan secara klinis, terlepas dari keparahan crowding. Derajat keparahan crowding tidak mempengaruhi besar perbedaan pengukuran gigi pada ketiga jenis model studi. ......Objectives: (1) To analyze tooth size and crowding measurement differences between plaster, digital, and 3D-printed models with different degrees of crowding, (2) to find the association between severity of crowding with tooth size and crowding measurement differences on three types of study models. Methods: 30 models were divided into three groups; mild crowding (0-4 mm; n=10), moderate crowding (4.01-8 mm, n=10), and severe crowding (≥8.01 mm, n=10). Plaster models were scanned with Trios3 intraoral scanner into digital models. .STL data were then produced into resin models with Formlabs2 3D-printer. Mesiodistal, buccolingual, servicoincisal, and crowding were measured on 12 teeth in each model. Results: Comparative statistical test found significant tooth size and crowding measurement differences between three types of study models in all category of crowding. Post-hoc tests showed significant differences between plaster-digital models and plaster-3D-printed models. Bland-Altman plots displayed high level of agreement between three types of study models regardless of severity of crowding. Digital and 3D-printed model measurements were found likely to be larger than plaster model, although the differences in four measured parameters were relatively small (<0.5 mm). Conclusions: Differences of linier tooth size and crowding measurements on plaster, digital, and 3D-printed models were found to be statistically significant, although clinically irrelevant, irrespective of degrees of crowding. No association was established between severity of crowding and measurement differences between three types of study models.

Abstrak :
This book takes you beyond how to build a 3D printer, to calibrating, customizing, and creating amazing models, including 3D printed text, a warship model, a robot platform, windup toys, and arcade-inspired alien invaders. You'll learn about the different types of personal 3D printers and how they work, from the MakerBot to the RepRap printers like the Huxley and Mendel, as well as the whiteAnt CNC featured in the Apress book Printing in Plastic.