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Abstrak :
In this research it is applied a pattern recognition system by using an artificial neural networks to recognize several samples on weaving products, such as plain weave, twill weave, and sateen weave. In order to extract textural characteristics or features from sample images, it is used the Neighboring Grey Level Dependence Matrix (NGLDM)-method as proposed by Sun, which is invariant under rotation and linear grey level transformation. Five textural features i.e. Small Number Emphasis, Large Number Emphasis, Number Non uniformity, Second Moment, and Entropy will be used as the representative features of sample images. Those features are used as input to the neural networks, which have learned by the back propagation method. Baths methods (continuous and periodic) for changing the interconnection weights, and the performances of the two types of neuron transfer functions are also observed and investigated, in order to obtain an optimal network configurations. The results of experiment will be very useful for the next stage of research in designing an integrated vision system for the recognition of weaving product's quality in textile industry.

Abstrak :
Pewarna tekstil mengandung polutan organik yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran serius pada air. Proses fotokatalisis dapat mendegradasi polutan organik menjadi senyawa yang tidak berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Titanium dioksida (TiO2) merupakan material semikonduktor yang sering digunakan sebagai fotokatalis tetapi masih menghasilkan aktivitas fotokatalisis yang rendah akibat energi celah pita yang besar. Modifikasi TiO2 untuk meningkatkan sensitivitasnya pada rentang cahaya tampak telah banyak dilakukan, salah satunya dengan komposit logam mulia seperti perak (Ag) untuk memanfaatkan efek localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) yang dimilikinya. Pada penelitian ini, sintesis nanokomposit Ag/TiO2 dilakukan dengan metode hijau yang lebih ramah lingkungan, sederhana dan hemat biaya dengan menggunakan ekstrak kulit buah manggis. Kinerja nanokomposit Ag/TiO2 diuji sebagai fotokatalis dalam mendegradasi zat pewarna metilen biru (MB). Hasil uji aktivitas fotokatalisis dengan nanokomposit Ag/TiO2 dengan konsentrasi Ag 45 mM menunjukkan persentase degradasi sebesar 100% di bawah penyinaran cahaya tampak sedangkan TiO2 murni hanya mencapai 20% tingkat degradasi larutan MB. Peningkatan aktivitas fotokatalisis ini dapat dikaitkan dengan peningkatan penyerapan cahaya akibat efek LSPR yang dimiliki Ag. Dengan demikian, komposit TiO2 dengan Ag memiliki potensi besar dalam meremediasi polutan organik dalam limbah zat pewarna. ......Textile dyes contain organic pollutants that can cause serious water pollution. The photocatalytic process can degrade organic pollutants into compounds that are not harmful to the environment. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor material that is often used as a photocatalyst but still produces low photocatalytic activity due to its large band gap energy. Many modifications of TiO2 to increase its sensitivity in the visible light range have been carried out, one of which is by composite with precious metals such as silver (Ag) to take advantage of its localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect. In this study, the synthesis of Ag/TiO2 nanocomposites was carried out using a green method that is more environmentally friendly, simple and cost-effective using mangosteen rind extract. The performance of Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite was tested as a photocatalyst in degrading methylene blue (MB) dye. The results of the photocatalytic activity test using Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite with an Ag concentration of 45 mM showed a 100% degradation percentage under visible light irradiation, while pure TiO2 only reached 20% of the MB solution degradation rate. This increase in photocatalytic activity can be attributed to the increase in light absorption due to the LSPR effect of Ag. Thus, the modification of TiO2 with Ag has great potential in remediating organic pollutants in dye effluents.

Abstrak :
This book highlights the traditional boundaries of the textile industry and discusses to what extent organic cotton is sustainable. It also examines the domestic and international influences of agricultural practices on cotton. Sustainability issues in the textile and fashion sectors require the influences that arise from beyond the boundaries of the conventional textile industry to be taken into account. These “external” influences—from (international or domestic) agricultural practices and energy policies to consumption patterns and levels of ecological notions of the society—have a significant impact on the sustainability of the textile and fashion sectors as a whole. Ecological and social concerns go far beyond individual companies and industries; therefore, in order to become more sustainable, the textile (and fashion) industry needs to address these concerns appropriately and connect with other disciplines, industries, communities, and international groups.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penggunaan geotekstil sebagai perkuatan tanah diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya dukung dan kuat geser tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat tingkat efisiensi dari penggunaan geotekstil nonwoven pada tanah merah dan melihat seberapa jauh perubahan nilai kohesi dan sudut geser sebelum diberikan dan setelah diberikan perkuatan dengan menggunakan uji triaxial UU Uncosolidated Undrained . Selain itu dilakukan juga pengujian California Bearing Ratio untuk melihat pengaruh penggunaan geotekstil nonwoven terhadap daya dukung tanah.Pengujian dilakukan juga pada kepadatan yang berbeda, yaitu pada keadaan optimum dan 95 dari keadaan optimum baik untuk di atas optimum maupun di bawah optimum. Hasil penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa adanya peningkatan nilai kohesi tanah pada keadaan kepadatan optimum, sedangkan ketika kepadatannya tidak optimum, cenderung tidak berpengaruh. Nilai sudut geser cenderung turun ketika diberikan perkuatan. Namun, dalam uji CBR terjadi kenaikan nilai CBR pada tanah uji yang diberikan perkuatan

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ABSTRAK
The use of geotextiles as soil reinforcement is to increase the bearing capacity and the shear strength of the soil. The purpose of this study is to look at the efficiency level of the use of nonwoven geotextiles on the tropical red clay soil and to see how far the cohesion and shear values change before they are given and after the reinforcement using the Uncosolidated Undrained Triaxials. In addition, the California Bearing Ratio test is also conducted to see the effect of nonwoven geotextile utilization on soil bearing capacity. The test is also carried out at different densities, at the optimum state and 95 of the optimum state for both optimum and below optimum. The results of this study show that there is an increase in soil cohesion values in optimum density conditions, whereas when the density is not optimum, it tends to have no effect. The shear angle value tends to fall when given reinforcement. However, in the CBR test there was an increase in the value of CBR on the given assayed test ground.