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Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang minimalisasi tegangan sisa dan peningkatkan sifat mampu bentuk Baja JTS G-3141 SPCC dengan proses anil. Sampel bahan uji adalah baja karbon sangat rendah produk PT. Krakatau Steel tebal 0,7 mm, hasil pengerolan dingin dari keluran rol panas tebal 2,25 mm. Proses anil dialiri gas argon secara kontinyu dan dilakukan dengan variasi temperatur ( 550, 600, 650, 670, 690, 710 dan 750) °C dan variasi waktu (15, 30, 45, 60 dan 75) menit. Hasil pengujian tarik menunjukkan adanya peningkatan indikasi mampu bentuk yaitu peningkatan nilai koefisien pengerasan regang (n), peningkatan nilai koefisien anisotropi (r), peningkatan nampak mulai optimum pada panas anil 710 °C, serta adanya peningkatan elongation. Hasil uji kemampuan ubah mampu bentuk, yaitu uji penarikan rentang (streching), pada panas anil 710 °C dengan waktu 30 menit didapat hasil kedalaman streching sebesar 19,35 mm (kedalaman ini sudah optimum karena untuk pemanasan lebih tinggi peningkatannya tidak begitu beda). Pengujian tegangan sisa dengan teknik difraksi sinar-X, didapatkan adanya penurunan tegangan sisa, dimana tegangan sisa mulai minimum juga pada pemanasan anil 710 °C dengan waktu tahan 30 menit. Hasil uji metalografi memperkuat hasil uji tegangan sisa dimana pada temperatur 710 °C dengan waktu tahan 30 menit, butir-butir permukaan sudah mengindikasikan adanya bebas regangan, sedangkan pada waktu tahan 15 menit masih terdapat bentuk pipih memanjang (indikasi belum bebas regangan). Disamping kenaikan ubah bentuk dan turunnya tegangan sisa kenaikan panas anil juga diikuti turunnya kuat tarik, kuat luluh, dan kekerasan, penurunan optimum juga pada temperatur 710 °C.

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An investigation on minimalization of residual stress and formability improvement of JIS G-3141 SPCC steel by annealing has been carried out. The samples are low carbon steel produced by PT. Krakatau Steel as thick as 0.7 mm. Cold rolling of the samples resulted from hot rolling produced a thickness of 2.25 mm. The annealing process was done at various temperatures, i.e. 550, 600, 650, 670, 690, 710 and 750 °C, and for a variety of time, i.e. 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 minutes. The tensile test of the samples showed that there was an indication of formability improvement, e.g. strain hardening coefficient (n), unisotrophy coeficient (.r), and elongation improvement, the optimum values of which are reached at 710 °C. The formability test was done by stretching, and the optimum stretching was at 710 °C for 30 minutes resulted in a stretch depth of 19.35 mm. The residual stress test was done by X-Ray diffraction technique and indicated residual stress decrease; the minimum residual stress was reached at the annealing temperature of 710 °C for 30 minutes. Metallographic examination of the samples also showed that there was an indication of strain free for the annealing stress decrease, the increasing annealing temperature also resulted in decrease in tensile strength, yield strength, and hardness, the lowest values of which was reached at the annealing temperature 710 °C.

Abstrak :
Detailed discussions and over 250 graphs and charts describe the effects of microstructure on the properties of carburized stees. In-depth coverage clarifies the causes, interpretation, prevention, and consequences of various microstructural variations and defects in carburized parts. Also covered are the effects of post-hardening heat treatments, surface grinding, and shot peening. Contents: Internal Oxidation Decarburization Carbides Retained Austinite Grain size, Microsegregation, and Microcracking Core Properties and Case Depth Post Hardening Heat Treatments Post Carburizing Mechanical Treatments.