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Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Peningkatan usia lanjut menimbulkan dampak kesehatan, diantaranya adalah sarkopenia dan kerapuhan. Kekuatan genggam tangan merupakan komponen sarkopenia, fenotip sindrom kerapuhan, dan bersifat dinamis. Berbagai studi potong lintang menilai hubungan kekuataan genggam tangan dengan usia, jenis kelamin, status nutrisi, status fungsional, status mental, dan komorbiditas namun temuan masih beragam. Selain itu, belum ada studi longitudinal untuk mengetahui hubungan perubahan kekuatan genggam tangan dengan usia, jenis kelamin, status nutrisi, status fungsional, status mental dan komorbiditas di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, status nutrisi, status fungsional, status mental dan komorbiditas dengan perubahan kekuatan genggam tangan pada pasien usia lanjut. Metode: Penelitian kohort prospektif menggunakan data sekunder pasien usia lanjut yang kontrol rutin di Poliklinik Geriatri RSCM Jakarta dari register studi longitudinal INA-FRAGILE yang telah diobservasi selama 1 tahun (2013-2014). Uji analisis multivariat regresi logistik digunakan untuk menilai hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, status nutrisi (skor MNA), status fungsional (skor ADL), status mental (skor GDS-SF), indeks komorbiditas (skor CIRS) dengan perubahan kekuatan genggam tangan. Hasil: Dalam 1 tahun pengamatan dari 162 subjek, didapatkan rerata usia 72,9 (SB 5,9) tahun, jenis kelamin terbanyak perempuan (57,41%), memiliki nutrisi baik (83,9%), mandiri (median ADL 9–20), tidak depresi (median GDS-SF 0–11), rerata indeks komorbiditas 11,8 (SB 3,7), dan 53,1% mengalami penurunan kekuatan genggam tangan. Status nutrisi (OR=2,7; p=0,033) dan indeks komorbiditas (OR 0,3; p<0,002) berhubungan dengan kekuatan genggam tangan. Simpulan: Status nutrisi dan komorbiditas memengaruhi perubahan kekuatan genggam tangan pada pasien usia lanjut dalam 1 tahun di rawat jalan. ......Background: Increasing elderly population throughout the world has been related to increased prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty. Handgrip strength is a component of sarcopenia, one of frailty syndrome phenotypes, and a dynamic process. Previous cross-sectional studies have assessed association of age, sex, nutritional status, functional status, mental status and comorbodity but the results were varied. That being said, there was no longitudinal study has been done to determine the correlation of handgrip strength changes with age, sex, nutritional status, functional status, mental status, and comorbidity in Indonesia. Objective: To examine correlation between age, sex, nutritional status, functional status, depressive symptopms, comorbidity, and handgrip strength changes in elderly patients. Methods: A prospective cohort study using secondary data of elderly patients whom routinely visiting Geriatric Out-Patients Clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from INA-FRAGILE register that have been observed for 1 year (2013-2014). The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess correlation between sex, age, nutrional status (MNA score), functional status (ADL score), depressive symptoms (GDS-SF score), comorbidities (CIRS score) and handgrip strength changes. Results: From 162 subjects which were included in the study, the mean age was 72.9 (SB 5.9) years, predominantly female (57.41%), with good nutrition (83.9%), independent (median 9- 20), not depressed (median 0-11), has average comorbidity index 11.8 (SB 3.7), and 53.1% experienced decreased handgrip strength. Nutritional status (OR = 2.7, p = 0.033) and comorbidity index (OR 0.3, p <0.002) correlated with handgrip strength changes. Conclusion: Nutritional status and comorbidity correlates with handgrip strength changes in out-patients elderly within 1 year.

Abstrak :

Penurunan massa otot pada usia lanjut menimbulkan sarkopenia,salah satu penyebabnya adalah proses inflamasi. Rasio asam lemak omega-3/omega-6 dapat memengaruhi proses inflamasi, namun hubungannya dengan massa otot masih menunjukkan hasil yang beragam. Penelitian potong lintang ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi korelasi rasio asupan asam lemak omega-3/omega-6 dan kadar asam lemak omega-3 dengan massa otot pada usia lanjut di lima panti wreda yang terdaftar di Kota Tangerang Selatan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 101 usila yang didapatkan menggunakan proportional random sampling. Rasio asupan asam lemak omega-3 dan omega-6 dinilai menggunakan food record 3x24 jam dan food frequency questionnaire semikuantitatif, kadar asam lemak omega-3 membran eritrosit diukur menggunakan gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, dan pemeriksaan massa otot menggunakan bioelectrical impedance analysis. Analisis korelasi menggunakan uji Spearman. Didapatkan rerata usia subjek adalah 75.5 ± 7.6 tahun dengan 73.3% subjek adalah perempuan. Rasio asupan asam lemak omega-3/omega-6 subjek menggunakan food record adalah 0,09 (0,05-0,22) dan 0,08 (0,05-0,23) menggunakan FFQ semikuantitatif. Nilai tengah kadar asam lemak omega-3 membran eritrosit subjek untuk ALA=10,06 (4,9-24,9) µg/mL, EPA=14,6 (5,06-81,02) µg/mL, DHA=115,5 (20,6-275,09) µg/mL, dan total omega-3=144,1 (89,3-332,1) µg/mL. Nilai tengah massa otot subjek adalah 35,5 (22,8-63,5) kg. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi antara rasio asupan asam lemak omega-3/omega-6 dengan massa otot baik menggunakan food record (r = -0.2, p = 0.07), maupun FFQ semikuantitatif (r = 0.01, p = 0.9), dan tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar ALA, EPA, DHA, total asam lemak omega-3 membran eritrosit dengan massa otot berturut-turut (r = -0.03, p = 0.8; r = 0.01, p = 0.9; r = -0.06, p = 0.5; dan r = -0.02, p = 0.8).

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The phenomenon of muscle mass deterioration appeared in the elderly called sarcopenia, one of the reasons was the inflammatory process. The ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids are known to influence the inflammatory process. However, the relationship of this ratio with muscle mass are still conflicting. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the correlations of omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids intake ratio and omega-3 fatty acids erythrocyte membrane levels with muscle mass among the elderly in five registered nursing homes in South Tangerang City. This study involved 101 elderly from the proportional random sampling method. The ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids intake was assessed using 3-days food records and semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Moreover, omega-3 fatty acid erythrocyte membrane levels were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and muscle mass were examined using bioelectrical impedance analysis. We used Spearman analysis to investigate the correlation. The mean age of the participants was 75.5 ± 7.6 years and most of the participants were female (73.3%). Furthermore, the median value of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake ratio was 0.09 (0.05 – 0.22) using 3-days food records and 0.08 (0.05 – 0.23) using SQ-FFQ, the median value of omega-3 erythrocyte membrane levels for ALA = 10.06 (4.9-24.9) µg/mL, EPA = 14.6 (5.06 – 81.02) µg/mL, DHA = 115.5 (20.6 – 275.09) µg/mL, total omega-3 = 144.1 (89.3 – 332.1) µg/mL, and the median value of muscle mass were 35.5 (22.8 – 63.5) kg. We did not find strong correlation between omega-3/omega-6 fatty acids intake ratio and muscle mass using either 3-days food records (r = -0.2, p = 0.07), or SQ-FFQ (r = 0.01, p = 0.9), and no strong correlations found between ALA, EPA, DHA, total omega-3 fatty acids erythrocyte membrane levels and muscle mass (r = -0.03, p = 0.8; r = 0.01, p = 0.9; r = -0.06, p = 0.5; and r = -0.02, p = 0.8), respectively.

Abstrak :
Sarkopenia menyebabkan luaran buruk pada populasi hemodialisis reguler. Panduan diagnosis dan cara pengukuran yang berbeda menyebabkan rentang prevalensi yang besar. Faktor yang berperan terhadap sarkopenia pada hemodialisis reguler belum diketahui. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan hubungan fosfat dengan sarkopenia pada hemodialisis reguler. Metode: Studi potong lintang observasional pada 96 pasien hemodialisis reguler, usia ≥18 tahun, lama hemodialisis ≥120 hari di RSCM (Maret-Mei 2022).Uji deskriptif, analisis bivariat, dan regresi logistik mendapatkan prevalensi dan hubungan antara Simplify Creatinine Index, DM type 2, IL-6, status gizi, aktivitas fisik, dan fosfat dengan sarkopenia. Diagnosis sarkopenia menggunakan kriteria AWGS 2019. Hand Grip Strength untuk kekuatan otot, massa otot dengan Bioimpedance Spectroscopy dan performa fisik dengan uji berjalan 6 meter. Hasil: Prevalensi sarkopenia adalah 54,2% dan rerata kadar fosfat 4,08 mg/dL (SB 1,45 mg/dL). Beda rerata kadar fosfat kelompok sarkopenia dengan kelompok tanpa sarkopenia adalah 3,73mg/dL vs 4,5 mg/dL, p=0,008. Faktor lain yang berhubungan dengan sarkopenia adalah SCI (p=0,005), dan aktivitas fisik ringan (p=0,006). Fosfat tidak berhubungan bermakna setelah menambahkan perancu. Kesimpulan: Prevalensi sarkopenia dengan kriteria AWGS 2019 pada populasi hemodialisis reguler adalah 54,2%. Kelompok sarkopenia memiliki rerata fosfat lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok tanpa sarkopenia, hubungan menjadi tidak bermakna setelah menambahkan variabel perancu. ......Sarcopenia asscociated with worse outcomes in MHD patients. Difference in criteria and methods used to diagnose causing wide range of prevalence. Factors asscociated with sarcopenia in MHD have not been well studied. Objective: to investigate the prevalence and asscociation between phosphate and sarcopenia in MHD. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study in 96 MHD patients ≥18 years old, dialysis vintage ≥120 days in RSCM March-May 2022. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression used to find prevalence and asccociation with Simplify Creatinine Index, type 2 DM, IL-6, nutritional status, physical activity, and phosphate. AWGS 2019 criteria used to diagnose sarcopenia, Hand Grip Strength for muscle strength, Bioimpedance Spectroscopy for muscle mass, and 6-meter walk for physical performance. Results: Sarcopenia prevalence was 54.2% and mean phosphate was 4,08 mg/dL (SD 1,45 mg/dL). Mean difference of phosphate in sarcopenia group compared to non-sarcopenia group is 3,73mg/dL vs 4,5 mg/dL, p=0,008. Factors with significant association were SCI (p=0.005) and low physical activity (p-0.006). Phosphate no longer asscociate significantly with sarcopenia after adjustement. Conclusions: Sarcopenia prevalence in MHD population with AWGS 2019 criteria was 54.2%. Sarcopenia group has significant lower mean phosphate compared to non-sarcopenia group, but the asscociation no longer significant after adjustment with confounding variables.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Sarkopenia mempengaruhi prognosis karsinoma sel hati (KSH). Dalam penilaian klasifikasi Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) terkandung penilaian status performa Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Status performa ECOG merupakan penilaian aktivitas fisik terkait sarkopenia. Pemeriksaan baku emas sarkopenia pada KSH mahal dan membutuhkan banyak waktu. Pemeriksaan tebal otot paha dapat digunakan sebagai modalitas yang baru. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara status performa ECOG dengan sarkopenia pada KSH, mengetahui perbedaan rerata antara tebal otot paha pasien status performa ECOG rendah dengan status performa ECOG tinggi pada KSH, dan mengetahui perbedaan rerata antara tebal otot paha pasien sarkopenia dengan non sarkopenia pada KSH. Metode: Studi ini dilakukan di RS tersier selama Januari – Oktober 2021. Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk memperoleh hubungan antara status performa ECOG, tebal otot paha, dan status sarkopenik pasien KSH. Hasil: Delapan puluh lima subjek pasien KSH (usia median, 52 tahun) dilakukan analisis. Sarkopenia diamati pada 30,6% pasien KSH. Setelah melalui analisis multivariat, status performa ECOG buruk berhubungan dengan sarkopenia pada KSH (adjusted OR = 6,35, IK 95% 2,06-19,60). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan rerata tebal otot paha pasien status performa ECOG rendah dengan status performa ECOG tinggi pada KSH (p < 0,001). Terdapat juga perbedaan signifikan rerata tebal otot paha pasien sarkopenia dan non sarkopenia (p < 0,001). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara status performa ECOG tinggi dengan sarkopenia pada KSH (aOR = 6,35, IK 95% 2,06-19,60). Rerata tebal otot paha pasien status performa ECOG rendah lebih besar dibanding dengan status performa ECOG tinggi pada karsinoma sel hati. Rerata tebal otot paha pasien non sarkopenia lebih besar dibanding dengan sarkopenia pada karsinoma sel hati. ......Background: Sarcopenia affects hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. HCC staging consists of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG-PS). ECOG-PS is an assessment of physical activity related to sarcopenia. Gold standard examinations for sarcopenia in HCC are expensive and time-consuming. Thigh muscle thickness can be used as a new modality. This study was aimed to explore the association between ECOG-PS with sarcopenia, to seek thigh muscle thickness difference between poor and good performance status, and to know thigh muscle thickness difference between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients with HCC. Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary hospital during January – October 2021. Statistical analysis was performed to obtain an association between ECOG-PS, thigh muscle thickness, and sarcopenic status of HCC patients. Results: Eighty-five HCC patients (median age, 52 years) were analyzed. Sarcopenia was observed in 30,6% of HCC patients. On multivariate binary regression analysis, a poor ECOG-PS remained independently associated with sarcopenia in HCC (adjusted OR = 6,35, 95% CI 2,06-19,6, p < 0,001). There was a significant difference in thigh muscle thickness between good and poor performance status (p < 0,001). There was also a significant difference in thigh muscle thickness between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients (p < 0,001). Conclusion: There were association between ECOG-PS and sarcopenia in HCC (aOR = 6,35, IK 95% 2,06-19,60). Mean thigh muscle thickness was larger in HCC patients with good ECOG-PS than poor ECOG-PS. Mean thigh muscle thickness was larger in non-sarcopenic HCC patients than sarcopenic ones.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Sarkopenia dan obesitas sering ditemukan pada populasi lanjut usia (lansia). Kombinasi sarkopenia dan obesitas, yaitu obesitas sarkopenia, memiliki morbiditas dan mortalitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan salah satu entitas saja. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara obesitas perifer dan sentral dengan komponen sarkopenia. Metode: Studi potong-lintang ini memakai data sekunder dari penelitian validasi skor Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SARQoL) terhadap lansia ≥60 tahun di Poliklinik Geriatri Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta, Indonesia, periode April–Juni 2018. Analisis multivariat dilakukan terhadap obesitas (indeks massa tubuh [IMT] dan lingkar pinggang [LP]) dan komponen sarkopenia (kekuatan genggam tangan [KGT], indeks massa otot [appendicular skeletal muscle mass per tinggi badan kuadrat, ASMM/TB2], dan kecepatan berjalan) untuk disesuaikan dengan perancu (usia, diabetes melitus, dan aktivitas fisik). Nilai potong diagnostik masing-masing komponen sarkopenia memakai panduan the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019. Hasil: Rerata usia dari 120 subjek adalah 71,89 (6,11) tahun, dengan proporsi wanita 61,70%. Seluruh subjek menunjukkan rerata IMT 22,48 (4,60) kg/m2; median LP 91,48 (65,40-113,00) cm; rerata ASMM/TB2 6,88 (0,96) kg/m2; median KGT 20 (10,00-40,00) kg; dan rerata kecepatan berjalan 0,76 (0,23) meter/detik. KGT rendah ditemukan lebih sedikit pada kelompok obesitas perifer dibandingkan nonobesitas perifer (adjusted odds ratio OR 0,419; interval kepercayaan IK 95% 0,183-0,959; p=0,040). ASMM/TB2 rendah lebih sedikit pada kelompok obesitas sentral dibandingkan nonobesitas sentral (adjusted OR 0,087; IK 95% 0,029-0,262; p <0,001). Simpulan: Terdapat efek protektif obesitas perifer dan sentral terhadap sarkopenia, tetapi hubungan ini terbatas pada IMT <30 kg/m2. ......Background: Increasing number of elderly is accompanied by increasing prevalence of sarcopenia and obesity. Combination of sarcopenia and obesity, which is called as sarcopenic obesity, associated with higher morbidity and mortality compared to either obesity or sarcopenia alone. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the association between obesity profiles and sarcopenia components. Methods: This cross-sectional study was using data from the validation study of Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SARQoL) score, of which conducted in geriatric outpatient clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. Multivariate analysis between obesity (body mass index [BMI] and waist circumference [WC]) and sarcopenia components (handgrip strength [HGS], muscle mass index [appendicular skeletal muscle mass/ height square, ASMM/h2], and gait speed was adjusted to age, diabetes mellitus, and physical activities. Results: Out of 120 subjects, there was 61.70% women. All subjects had mean of age 71.89 (6.11) years old; mean of BMI 22.48 (4.60) kg/m2; median of WC 91.48 (65.40-113.00) cm; mean of ASMM/h2 6.88 (0.96) kg/m2; median of HGS 20 (10.00-40.00) kg; and mean of gait speed 0.76 (0.23) meter/second. Low HGS was found statistically significant in lower proportion for peripheral obesity group than non-peripheral obesity group (adjusted odds ratio OR 0.419, 95% confidence interval CI 0.183-0.959, p=0.040); and low muscle mass index was lower in central obesity group than non-central obesity group (adjusted OR 0.087, 95% CI 0.029-0.262, p <0.001). Conclusion: There were protective effects of peripheral and central obesity against sarcopenia

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Sarkopenia merupakan salah satu sindrom geriatri yang dapat menyebabkan luaran yang buruk. Dibutuhkan pemeriksaan yang lebih sederhana dibandingkan Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) atau Dual energy X- ray Absorptiometry (DXA) untuk mengukur massa otot sebagai komponen penting sarkopenia. Namun, belum ada studi di Indonesia yang meneliti perannya dalam memprediksi massa otot pada pasien usia 60 tahun atau lebih. Tujuan: Mengetahui performa diagnostik lingkar betis untuk estimasi massa otot sebagai komponen sarkopenia pada pasien usia 60 tahun atau lebih. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu uji diagnostik menggunakan desain uji potong lintang yang dilakukan di poliklinik geriatri Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FKUI-RSCM selama bulan April-Juni 2018. Pengukuran massa otot menggunakan DXA dan penentuan titik potong berdasarkan Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS). Hasil: Dari 120 subjek didapatkan 46 lelaki (38,3%) dan 74 perempuan (61,7%). Didapatkan titik potong lingkar betis kelompok lelaki dibawah 34 cm (sensitivitas 64.7%, spesifitas 79.3%, NDP 64.7%, NDN 79.3%, AUC 73.1%) dan 29 cm untuk perempuan (sensitivitas 71.4%, spesifitas 95.5%, NDP 62.5%, NDN 97.0%, AUC 96.4%). Simpulan: Akurasi diagnostik lingkar betis cukup baik sebagai prediktor massa otot pada pasien perempuan usia 60 tahun atau lebih.

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Background: Sarcopenia is one of the geriatric syndromes that lead to poor outcomes. A simpler method than Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) or Dual energy X- ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is needed to measure muscle mass as essential component of sarcopenia. Previous studies have shown calf circumference (CC) as surrogate marker of muscle mass. However there has been no study on the role of CC in predicting muscle mass in both gender of elderly outpatient. Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic performance of CC to estimate muscle mass in elderly outpatient. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at Geriatric Outpatient Clinic of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta during April-June 2018, using DXA as a reference test for measuring muscle mass. Asian Working Group of Sarcopenia (AWGS) criteria was used to classify muscle mass as normal or low. Results: Of the 120 subjects, 46 subjects were male (38.3%) and 74 were female (61.7%).The optimal Cut-off for CC that indicate low muscle mass was 34 cm for (sensitivity 64.7%, specificity 79.3%, PPV 64.7%, NPV 79.3%, AUC 73.1%) and 29 cm for female (sensitivity 71.4%, specificity 95.5%, PPV 62.5%, NPV 97.0%, AUC 96.4%). Conclusion: CC can be used to estimate muscle mass in female elderly outpatient, with good diagnostic performance.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Sarkopenia dan malnutrisi merupakan komplikasi sirosis hati dekompensata yang berhubungan dengan luaran klinis yang buruk. Varises esofagus (VE) merupakan luaran klinis yang paling sering ditemui pada pasien sirosis hati dekompensata. Hubungan komplikasi Varises Esofagus risiko tinggi dengan kejadian sarkopenia dan malnutrisi belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Tujuan : mengetahui hubungan antara sarkopenia dan malnutrisi terhadap luaran komplikasi VE risiko tinggi pada pasien sirosis hati. Metode: Studi observasional cross-sectional dilakukan pada 155 pasien di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo pada Januari hingga September 2023. Sarkopenia didefinisikan sebagai kehilangan massa dan kekuatan otot dan atau menurunnya performa fisik sesuai dengan kriteria AWGS 2019 (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia). Kriteria malnutrisi menggunakan GLIM (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition). Analisis multivariat dilakukan menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil: Total 155 pasien sirosis hati, 48 pasien memiliki VE risiko tinggi dan 107 pasien memiliki VE risiko rendah. Prevalensi sarkopenia pada pasien sirosis hati ditemukan sebesar 42,6%, sementara prevalensi malnutrisi ditemukan sebesar 82,6%. Kombinasi koeksistensi sarkopenia dan malnutrisi ditemukan sebesar 42,6%. Status sarkopenia berhubungan secara statistik dengan kejadian VE risiko tinggi setelah dikontrol dengan variabel Child Pugh (Adjusted PR: 1,62 (IK 95%: 1,01-2,59; p=0,04). Sementara itu tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara malnutrisi dengan kejadian VE risiko tinggi. Pada evaluasi kombinasi koeksistensi dua faktor risiko sarkopenia dan malnutrisi, ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian VE risiko tinggi. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara sarkopenia terhadap VE risiko tinggi. Selain itu, adanya koeksistensi sarkopenia dan malnutrisi sebagai faktor risiko gabungan secara statistik signifikan dalam kejadian VE risiko tinggi. ......Background: Sarcopenia and malnutrition are complications of decompensated liver cirrhosiswhich is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Esophageal varices (VE) are the most common clinical outcome in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis.The relationship between high-risk complications of esophageal varices and the incidence of sarcopenia and malnutrition has not been widely studied in Indonesia. Objective :determine the relationship between sarcopenia and malnutrition on the outcome of high-risk VE complications in liver cirrhosis patients. Method: Cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 155 patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from January to September 2023. Sarcopenia is defined as loss of muscle mass and strength and/or decreased physical performance according to the 2019 AWGS (Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia) criteria. Malnutrition criteria use GLIM (Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition). Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. Results:A total of 155 patients with liver cirrhosis, 48 patients had high risk VE and 107 patients had low risk VE. The prevalence of sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis patients was found to be 42.6%, while the prevalence of malnutrition was found to be 82.6%. The combined coexistence of sarcopenia and malnutrition was found to be 42.6%. Sarcopenia status was statistically related to the incidence of high risk VE after controlling for the Child Pugh variable (Adjusted PR: 1.62 (95% CI: 1.01-2.59; p=0.04). Meanwhile, no significant relationship was found between malnutrition and the incidence of high risk VE. In evaluating the combination of the coexistence of two risk factors for sarcopenia and malnutrition, a significant relationship was found with the incidence of high risk VE. Conclusion:There is a significant relationship between sarcopenia and high risk VE. In addition, the coexistence of sarcopenia and malnutrition as combined risk factors was statistically significant in the occurrence of high-risk VE.