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"In various official terms in Indonesia, waste is often defined as residual material that its function and benefit has decreased to the minimum level. Meanwhile, increasing demand of raw materials drives higher cost of supply due to increasing extraction cost and limited supply. This situation encourages industries to be more innovative to reuse and recycle used materials. This research aims to analyze economic and environmental potential of municipal solid waste as a source of raw materials for industrial sector, especially in recycling industries. A recycling case study is conducted at a waste treatment unit in Depok, Indonesia where recyclable materials are highly variable in types and amount. One of key finding to increase percent of recyclable materials is to encourage waste separation at source either encouraging it by economic incentives or increasing environmental awareness among the households. Thus, this would simultaneously increasing amount and quality of wastes being recycled and at the end their price."

"Tanah Residual Depok merupakan tanah yang biasa digunakan sebagai tanah dasar suatu jalan raya. Penggunaan metode stabilisasi dengan semen diharapkan dapat meningkatkan mutu tanah residual Depok dan dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan material lapisan subbase suatu jalan yang biasanya menggunakan material sirtu. Pada pengujian ini digunakan variasi kadar semen sebanyak 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% dan 25% dari berat kering tanah untuk dapat menentukan kadar semen yang sesuai dengan target yang dapat memenuhi kriteria sebagai lapisan sub-base suatu jalan. Dari hasil pengujian, didapatkan kadar semen sebanyak 10% yang sesuai dengan target. Kemudian, dilakukan pengujian CBR dan kuat tekan bebas dengan variasi waktu pemeraman. Pemeraman menggunakan 2 metode yang berbeda yaitu diperam dahulu kemudian dipadatkan dan dipadatkan dahulu kemudian diperam. Waktu pemeraman yang digunakan adalah 0 jam, 6 jam, 24 jam, 72 jam dan 168 jam. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan tanah yang dipadatkan dahulu kemudian diperam lebih baik hasilnya dibandingkan tanah yang diperam dahulu kemudian dipadatkan.

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Residual soil Depok is a land which is used as a highway subgrade. The use of methods of stabilization with cement is expected to improve the quality of soil residual Depok and can be used as subbase layer materials of a road that usually use sand stone material. In tihis test used variations of cement content of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% of the dry weight of soil in order to determine the cement content in accordance with targets that can meetthe criteria as subbase layer of a road.

From the test results, obtained as much as 10% cement content corresponding to the target. Then, we do test for CBR and unconfined compressive strength with curing time variation. The Curing time using 2 different methods that is curing first before compacted and compacted first and then curing. Curing time used is 0 hours, 6 hours, 24 hours, 72 hours, and 168 hours. From the test results obtained previously compacted soil and then brooded better result that brooded land firs and then compacted."