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"Tesis ini berjudul: Pertanggungjawaban Anggota Direksi BUMN (PT Persero) Dalam Penerapan Prinsip Kehati-hatian di dalam Pengambilan Keputusan yang Dapat Berdampak Kerugian Bagi Perseroan (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2740k/PID/2006). Adapun rumusan masalah tesis ini adalah: (1) Sejauh mana pertanggungjawaban anggota Direksi BUMN (PT Persero) terhadap Perseroan atas tindakan pengurusan yang telah dilakukannya dan (2) Kapan seorang anggota Direksi BUMN (PT.Persero) dinyatakan tidak menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian atas tindakan pengurusan yang telah dilakukannya yang berdampak kerugian bagi Perseroan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, yang dilakukan dengan cara penelitian kepustakaan guna memperoleh data sekunder.Dari hasil analisis dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa anggota Direksi tidak menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian dalam mengelola Perseroan terbukti dengan dilanggarnya anggaran dasar Perseroan dan ketentuan-ketentuan lain yang terkait dengan pengelolaan Perseroan. Penilaian terhadap anggota Direksi dalam melaksanakan prinsip kehati-hatian dapat dilakukan secara sederhana dengan mengacu pada pendekatan yuridis formil dan yuridis materiil. Penilaian secara yuridis formil dilakukan dengan batasan pada Undang-undang Perseroan Terbatas, Undang-undang Badan Usaha Milik Negara, dan keputusan Organ Perseroan berupa keputusan Direksi dan RUPS.

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The title of this thesis is: The Responsibility of The Board of Directors of a State Owned Company (Persero Company) in Compliance with Duty of Care Principle in Relation to The Decision Making Which Will Affecting to The Company (Supreme Court Case Studies 27. 40k/PID/2006)This thesis demonstrates: (1) How far the responsibility of the Board of Directors in regard to the implementation of the manajerial duty that has been conducted, and (2) When a member of the Board of Directors declared not comply with duty of care principle in related to the implementation of the manajerial duty that has been conducted which resulted in loss to the Company. To approach the case, the writter use normative juridical type through documents investigation to collect secondary data.

The conclusions of the research are: The Board of Directors did not apply the duty of care principle in managing the Company, which is proven in that the Company articles of association were not complied with assessment of Director?s duty of care principle can be done in simple terms by using the formal and material juridical approach. The formal juridical assessment act in accordance with the Company Law, the State Owned Company Law, the Board of Directors decree, the shareholders general assembly decree."

"Ada dua pertanyaan dasar yang diuraikan dalam tulisan ini. Pertama, bagaimana pelaksanaan kewenangan Direksi dalam batasan doktrin "duty of care" dan "business judgement rule" Kedua, bagaimana penerapan "duty of care" dan "business judgment rule" dalam perkara No. 428/PDT.G/2013/PN.JKT.PST? Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah penelitian normatif dengan menggunakan tiga pendekatan, yakni doktrinal, perundang-undangan dan kasus. Kesimpulan dari tulisan ini, yakni, pertama, doktrin duty of care merupakan dasar berlakunya doktrin "business judgment rule". Direksi mendapat perlindungan hukum berdasarkan teori "business judgment rule" apabila "duty of care" terpenuhi. Kedua, doktrin "duty of care" dan "business judgment rule" terpenuhi dalam putusan perkara No. 428/PDT.G/2013/PN.JKT.PST. Penulis menyarankan agar undang-undang perseroan terbatas perlu membuat ketentuan secara tegas tentang standar kehatihatian dan standar adanya itikad baik dalam mengurus perseroan.

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There are two main questions that explained in this research. First, how is the implementation of the authority of the Board of Directors in the frame of the doctrine ?duty of care? and "business judgment rule" Second, how is the implementation of doctrine ?duty of care? and "business judgment rule" in case No. 428/PDT.G/G/2013/PN.JKT.PST. The research method used in this writing is normative research method with three approaches: doctrinal, legislation, case. There are two conclusions that the researcher found from the research in this writing: First, the "duty of care" doctrine is the basic concept to implement the doctrine "business judgment rule". The board of director can get the legal protection based on the theory "business judgment rule" if the doctrine duty of care is fulfilled. Second, doctrine duty of care and business judgment rule is fulfilled in case No. 428/PDT.G/2013/PN.JKT.PST. The researcher suggests that the legislation of Limited Liability Company (Ltd.) need to make the clear and assertive provision about the standard of circumspection and the standard of good intention from the Board of Director in managing the company."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai ruang lingkup malpraktik medik dan risiko medik, penerapan prinsip duty of care dalam pertanggung jawaban hukum dokter, serta analisis putusan No. 569/PDT.G/2013/PN.JKT.PST. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dan keseluruhanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif serta tipe penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini menujukan bahwa malpraktik medik berbeda dengan risiko medik dimana unsur kesalahan dari dokter pada pembuktian merupakan pembeda dari keduanya, selain itu duty of care adalah suatu kewajiban yang melekat pada seorang dokter saat tercipta hubungan antara dokter dan pasien, dalam kasus malpraktik medik pada putusan No. 569/PDT.G/2013/PN.JKT.PST hakim telah mempertimbangkan penerepan duty of care dokter sebagai pertimbangan putusan. Hasil penelitian menyarankan hendaklah kepada tenaga kesehatan khususnya dokter untuk menjadikan duty of care ini sebagai suatu kewajiban yang penting dalam melakukan tindakan medik, organisasi Ikatan Dokter Indonesia IDI bisa lebih memaksimalkan peranya dalam perlindungan dan pengawasan, pemerintah bisa bersinergi dengan pembuat undang-undang dalam memberikan kepastian hukum terkait perlindungan baik untuk pasien atupun dokter, dan pasien atau maysarakat dapat lebih kritis terhadap hak-haknya namun juga teredukasi mengenai kewajiban-kewajibanya.

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This thesis discusses the scope of medical malpractice and medical risks, the application of the duty of care principle in the legal responsibility of doctors, and the analysis of the verdict No. 569 PDT.G 2013 PN.JKT.PST. The type of study used is normative juridical and conducted using qualitative research method as well as descriptive research type. This study indicates that medical malpractice is different from medical risk where the mistake of the doctor on proof is the differentiator of both, besides duty of care is a duty attached to a doctor when relationship between doctor and patient is created, in case of medical malpractice in verdict No. 569 PDT.G 2013 PN.JKT.PST the judge has considered taking the duty of care of the doctor as a judgment. The results suggest that health professionals, especially doctors, should make this duty of care an important obligation in conducting medical actions, the organization of Indonesian Doctors Association IDI can maximize its participation in protection and supervision, the government can synergize with lawmakers in providing legal certainty regarding the protection of both patients and physicians, and patients or citizens should be more critical of their rights but also are well educated on their obligations."