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"Kebijakan penerapan e-government Pajak Parkir di DKI Jakarta sudah berlangsung selama kurang lebih 7 (tujuh) tahun. Dalam pelaksanaannya banyak ditemukan hambatan dan tantangan yang berdampak kepada target kinerja yang telah ditetapkan. Kebijakan yang mengatur pun sudah sebanyak 3(tiga) kali mengalami perubahan yang diharapkan mampu menjembatani pelayanan masyarakat yang lebih baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa dan mengevaluasi kebijakan penerapan e-government pajak parkir dan menganalisa faktor-faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan kebijakan e-government pajak parkir di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode post-positivisme yang menggunakan teori sebagai acuan dalam memahami permasalahan penelitian. Hasil evaluasi dari penerapan kebijakan ini menunjukkan; (1) manfaat online system belum secara signifikan membantu petugas pajak dalam pengawasan kepatuhan kepada wajib pajak. yang terlihat dari data jumlah wajib pajak yang secara rutin melaporkan transaksi usahanya sekitar 3,37%; (2)aplikasi e-government belum dapat mengintegrasikan data antara DPMPTSP dan UP Perparkiran; (3) sanksi yang telah diatur belum diterapkan secara tegas; (4) sanksi mengenai pencabutan izin usaha tidak sesuai dengan peraturan perpajakan yang lebih tinggi; dan (5) kewajiban pelaporan transaksi usaha secara online belum optimal diterapkan untuk seluruh wajib pajak parkir, karena masih terdapat ketidaksiapan baik dari sisi wajib pajak maupun dukungan perangkat elektronik. Sedangkan hasil penelitian atas faktor-faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan pelaksanaan e-government, yaitu:(1) adanya komitmen yang kuat dari Bapenda dalam menangani masalah pendanaan yaitu dengan bekerjasama dengan Bank Pemerintah; (2) kolaborasi antara Bapenda dan Bank ditunjukkan dengan bersama-sama memberikan pelayanan yang berorientasi kepada kepuasan wajib pajak (3) terjaminnya keamanan atas kerahasian data wajib pajak, diatur dalam Perjanjian Kerja Sama; dan (4) Bapenda menyiapkan alternatif aplikasi melalui web https//: pajakonline.jakarta.go.id. yang dapat digunakan oleh wajib pajak dimanapun berada. Selain itu disarankan bagi Bapenda untuk melakukan prioritas pengkategorisasian bagi wajib pajak yang akan dipasang perangkat online, serta perlu adanya perbaikan mengenai sanksi administrasi pencabutan izin usaha karena tidak sesuai dengan sanksi yang diatur pada Peraturan Daerah dan Undang-Undang Perpajakan.

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The policy of implementing parking tax e-government in DKI Jakarta has been going on for approximately 7 (seven) years. In its implementation there are many obstacles and challenges that have an impact on the performance targets that have been set. The governing policy has also undergone 3 (three) changes which are expected to be able to bridge better community services. This study aims to analyze and evaluate the application of parking tax e-government policies and to analyze the factors that determine the success of parking tax e-government policies in DKI Jakarta. This study uses the post-positivism method which uses theory as a reference in understanding the research problem. The evaluation results of the implementation of this policy show; (1) the benefits of the online system have not significantly helped tax officers in monitoring compliance with taxpayers. which can be seen from the data on the number of taxpayers who routinely report their business transactions of around 3.37%; (2) e-government applications have not been able to integrate data between DPMPTSP and UP Perparkiran; (3) regulated sanctions have not been applied explicitly; (4) sanctions regarding the revocation of business licenses that are not in accordance with higher tax regulations; and (5) the obligation to report business transactions online has not been optimally applied to all parking taxpayers, because there is still unpreparedness both in terms of taxpayers and electronic device support. While the results of research on the factors that determine the success of the implementation of e-government, namely: (1) there is a strong commitment from Bapenda in handling funding problems, namely by collaborating with Government Banks; (2) collaboration between Bapenda and the Bank is demonstrated by jointly providing services oriented towards taxpayer satisfaction. (3) guaranteed security of taxpayer data confidentiality, regulated in a Cooperation Agreement; and (4) Bapenda prepares alternative applications through the web https //: Pajakonline.jakarta.go.id. which can be used by taxpayers wherever they are. In addition, it is recommended for Bapenda to prioritize categorization for taxpayers who will be installed with online tools, and there is a need for improvements regarding administrative sanctions for business license revocation because they are not in accordance with the sanctions regulated in Regional Regulations and Taxation Laws."

"ABSTRAK

E-participation memiliki peranan penting dalam pemerintahan digital karena merupakan salah satu faktor strategis yang mampu meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat. Melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia nomor 45 tahun 2017, pemerintah daerah diwajibkan untuk memberdayakan masyarakat (empowerment) di dalam penyelenggaraan pemerintahan daerah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menginvestigasi sisi penyediaan dan kebutuhan e-participation di Kota Metro. Portal situs web pemerintah adalah alat yang strategis untuk memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pemerintahan. Menggunakan  Citizens Web Empowerment Index (CWEI), dilakukan penilaian terhadap 60 situs web untuk mengetahui sisi penyediaan e-participation Pemerintah Kota Metro - Lampung, dan dari hasil penilaian CWEI dengan nilai sebesar 13,42%, maka diketahui bahwa tingkat penyediaan layanan e-participation di Kota Metro masih rendah. Untuk mengetahui sisi kebutuhan e-participation, dilakukan survei yang melibatkan 397 responden yang berasal dari masyarakat Kota Metro, dan didapati bahwa kebutuhan masyarakat akan e-participation cukup tinggi, ini terlihat dari hasil survei dimana mayoritas responden menghendaki adanya keterbukaan informasi, media penyampaian aspirasi online, pengaduan online, survei/polling online, komunikasi online dengan walikota, konsultasi dan voting online. Menggunakan Citizens Web Empowerment Index (CWEI) sebagai dasar, lalu dikombinasikan dengan hasil analisis sisi penyediaan dan kebutuhan e-participation disusunlah rekomendasi perbaikan layanan e-participation dengan tujuan memberdayakan masyarakat dalam pemerintahan.

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ABSTRACT

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E-participation has an important role in digital governance, because it is one of the strategic factors that can increase public participation. Through the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia number 45 of 2017, the local government is required to empower the citizen in government. The purpose of this study is to investigate the provision and demand side of e-participation in Metro City. The government portal is a strategic tool for empowering people in government. Using the Citizens Web Empowerment Index (CWEI), an assessment of 60 Metro City government websites was conducted to find out the provision side of e-participation of the Metro city - Lampung, and from the result, the CWEI score (13.42%) showed that e-participation level provided by Metro city is still low. To find out the demand side of e-participation, a survey involving 397 respondents from the Metro City citizen was conducted, and it was found that citizen needs for e-participation were quite high, as seen from the survey results where the majority of respondents wanted of information disclosure, online media for aspirations, online complaints, online surveys / polls, online communication with the mayor, consultation and online voting. Using the Citizens Web Empowerment Index (CWEI) as a basis, then combined with the results of the analysis of the provision and demand side of e-participation, recommendations were made to improve e-participation services with the aim of citizen empowerment in government.

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"This book presents a review of e-government success measures and e-government success factors. It also provides empirical evidence from quantitative analysis and two in-depth case studies. Although based on sound theory and rigorous empirical analysis, the book not only significantly contributes to academic knowledge, but also includes some practical recommendations for government officials and public managers. Theoretically, the book proposes a way to quantitatively operationalize Fountain’s enactment framework. Based on the institutional tradition, the technology enactment framework attempts to explain the effects of organizational forms and institutional arrangements on the information technology used by government agencies. The book proposes variables to measure each of the different constructs in this framework and also tests the relationships hypothesized by Fountain’s theory. Finally, using the advantages of the selected quantitative analysis technique (Partial Least Squares), the study also proposes some adjustments and extensions to the original framework in a theory building effort.Methodologically, the book reports on one of the first multi-method studies in the field of e-government in general and e-government success in particular. This study uses a nested research design, which combines statistical analysis with two in depth case studies. The study begins with a statistical analysis using organizational, institutional, and contextual factors as the independent variables. "