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"Obat golongan proton pump inhibitor (PPI) digunakan secara luas dalam berbagai gangguan pada saluran gastrointestinal terkait asam lambung dan sering digunakan bersama dengan obat lain sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya interaksi obat. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi interaksi obat golongan PPI pada pasien rawat jalan di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto periode Juli-Desember 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik-retrospektif pada data resep dan rekam medis pasien rawat jalan periode Juli-Desember 2015 yang menerima obat golongan PPI dan satu atau lebih item obat lain yang dipilih dengan metode pursposive sampling. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 400 lembar resep yang berasal dari 192 pasien. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi obat golongan PPI pada pasien rawat jalan di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto periode Juli-Desember 2015 memiliki potensi interaksi obat pada 324 lembar resep (81,00%) dengan total kasus sebanyak 475 kasus yang terdiri dari 42 kasus interaksi mayor, 138 kasus interaksi moderat dan 295 kasus interaksi minor. Terdapat 14 obat yang memiliki potensi interaksi dengan obat golongan PPI antara lain mikofenolat mofetil, klopidogrel, kilostazol, warfarin, besi, levotiroksin, propranolol, siklosporin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, sianokobalamin, sukralfat, teofilin dan antasida.

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Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs are widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract with gastric-acid disorder and usually used concomitant with other drugs so that increase the risk of drug interaction. This study aimed to analyse the potential of PPI drug interaction in outpatients at Gatot Soebroto Army Centre Hospital period of July-December 2015. This study use analytical descriptive-retrospective method on prescriptions and medical records of outpatients who get PPI drugs with one or more other drugs in the period of July-December 2015, which were selected by purposive sampling method. This analysis study was conducted on 400 prescriptions from 192 patients.

This study concluded that PPI therapy in outpatients at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto period of July-December 2015 had potential drug interaction on 324 prescriptions (81,00%) with total of 475 cases, which are consisted of 42 cases of major interactions, 138 cases of moderate interactions, and 295 cases of minor interactions. There are 14 drugs that can potentially interact with PPI drugs, such as: mycophenolate mofetil, clopidogrel, cilostazol, warfarin, iron, levothyroxine, propranolol, cyclosporine, simvastatin, atorvastatin, cyanocobalamin, sucralfate, theophylline and antacid."

"Latar belakang: Ventilator-associated pneumonia VAP merupakan jenis infeksi nosokomial terbanyak pada pasien pediatric intensive care unit PICU. VAP menyebabkan pemanjangan durasi ventilasi mekanik, durasi hospitalisasi, dan kematian. Omeprazole direkomendasikan sebagai profilaksis dan pengobatan stress ulcer pada pasien PICU dengan ventilator. Omeprazole diduga dapat meningkatkan kejadian VAP melalui peningkatan kolonisasi bakteri lambung. Namun, belum banyak studi yang meneliti pengaruh ini pada populasi pasien PICU. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian omeprazole terhadap kejadian VAP pada Pasien PICU di RSUPN Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo. Metode: Studi ini dilaksanakan dengan metode cross-sectional dengan 58 subjek. Sampel diambil dari rekam medis pasien PICU tahun 2014 hingga 2016. Subjek terdiri dari dua kelompok, yaitu pasien PICU dengan ventilator yang diberi omeprazole dan tidak diberi omeprazole. Hasil: Karakteristik subjek meliputi jenis kelamin, usia, status gizi, faktor risiko potensial, dan keluaran berupa durasi hospitalisasi, durasi intubasi, dan kematian. Sejumlah 9 dari 29-31 subjek yang diberi omeprazole mengalami VAP dan 3 dari 29-10 subjek yang tidak diberi omeprazole mengalami VAP. Uji Chi-square menunjukkan hubungan tidak bermakna antara omeprazole dan kejadian VAP dengan nilai p=0.105 dan prevalence ratio PR 3.00-95 CI 0.903-9.970. Diskusi: Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pemberian omeprazole tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian VAP pada pasien PICU.

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Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia VAP is the most common nosocomial infection among pediatric intensive care unit PICU patients. VAP prolongs duration of intubation and hospitalization and increases mortality. Omeprazole is often used as prophylaxis and therapy for stress ulcer, a common disease in PICU patients. Omeprazole is suspected to increase VAP incidence through gastric colonization.

Aim: To determine the effect of omeprazole on incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia among RSUPN Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo PICU Patients.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study with 58 subjects obtained from PICU medical records from 2014 to 2016. Subjects were put into two categories 1 PICU patients who received omeprazole, and 2 PICU patients who did not receive omeprazole.

Results: Subject characteristics include sex, age, nutritional status, potential risk factors, and outcome duration of hospitalization, duration of intubation and mortality. A number of 9 of 29 31 patients who received omeprazole developed VAP and 3 of 29 10 patients who did not receive omeprazole developed VAP. Chi square test showed no significant difference in the incidence of VAP in the two categories p 0.105 and prevalence ratio PR 3.00 95 CI 0.903 9.970.

Discussion: Omeprazole does not affect the incidence of VAP on PICU patients in this study."

"Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is the strongest inhibitor to gastric acid secretion. PPI is effective in all gastric acid disorders, such as: peptic ulcer, gastroesofageal reflux disease, non steroid anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) gastropathy, and zollinger-ellison syndrome. Several studies comparing one PPI to another. Although some differences have been reported, there are small differences with unclear clinical importance. PPI has side effects that may be related to diarrhea due to clostridium difficile, pneumonia, hip fracture, vitamin b12 deficiency, and IgE mediated allergic reaction. Several studies revealed strong association but have limitation in design and sampel size. PPI therapy should be according to indication, dose, and appropriate period."

"Terapi kardiovaskular merupakan aspek penting dalam pengobatan penyakit kardiovaskular yang umumnya kompleks dan memerlukan perhatian khusus dalam peresepan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis terapi kardiovaskular berdasarkan resep yang diterima di Apotek Roxy serta mengidentifikasi pengaruh peresepan proton pump inhibitor (PPI) terhadap terapi kardiovaskular. Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai pola peresepan obat kardiovaskular, proporsi pasien yang menerima PPI sebagai bagian dari terapi, dan hubungan antara peresepan PPI dengan jenis dan dosis obat kardiovaskular yang digunakan. Selain itu, diperhatikan pula aspek administrasi, farmasetik, dan klinis dari resep yang diambil. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif dengan mengumpulkan data resep dari pasien yang mengambil obat kardiovaskular di Apotek Roxy selama periode tertentu. Data yang dikumpulkan mencakup jenis obat kardiovaskular yang diresepkan, dosis, frekuensi, serta apakah PPI juga diresepkan bersamaan dengan obat kardiovaskular. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa resep telah memenuhi aspek farmasetik dan aspek klinis. Namun, pada aspek administrasi terdapat data seperti berat badan pasien, nomor telepon, dan tanggal penulisan resep yang tidak tercantum di dalam resep. Kemudian, diketahui pula bahwa penggunaan obat golongan proton pump inhibitor dan antiplatelet perlu dilakukan monitoring dan perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pasien. Temuan ini dapat berguna bagi profesional kesehatan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman tentang interaksi obat dan potensi efek samping yang perlu diperhatikan saat meresepkan kombinasi obat kardiovaskular dan PPI. Untuk itu, dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi bagi Apotek Roxy dan profesional kesehatan dalam meningkatkan kualitas peresepan obat kardiovaskular dan memastikan terapi yang optimal bagi pasien dengan kondisi kardiovaskular.

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disease which is generally complex and requires special attention in drug prescribing. This study aims to analyze cardiovascular therapy based on prescriptions received at Roxy Pharmacy and to identify the effect of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) prescriptions on cardiovascular therapy. Analyzes were performed to assess patterns of cardiovascular drug prescribing, the proportion of patients receiving PPIs as part of their therapy, and the relationship between PPI prescriptions and the type and dose of cardiovascular drugs used. In addition, administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical aspects of the prescriptions taken were also considered. This research method used a retrospective approach by collecting prescription data from patients who took cardiovascular drugs at the Roxy Pharmacy during a certain period. The data collected included the type of cardiovascular drug prescribed, dosage, frequency, and whether PPIs were also prescribed concomitantly with cardiovascular drugs. The results of the analysis revealed that the prescription met the pharmaceutical and clinical aspects. However, in the administrative aspect there are data such as the patient's weight, telephone number, and the date of writing the prescription that is not included in the prescription. Then, it is also known that the use of proton pump inhibitor and antiplatelet class drugs needs to be monitored and needs to be adjusted to the needs of the patient. These findings could be useful to healthcare professionals in increasing understanding of drug interactions and potential side effects to watch for when prescribing combinations of cardiovascular drugs and PPIs. For this reason, this research is expected to provide recommendations for Roxy Pharmacy and health professionals in improving the quality of cardiovascular drug prescribing and ensuring optimal therapy for patients with cardiovascular conditions."