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"The number of primates on the brink of extinction continues to grow due to threats such as habitat loss, hunting, and disease. The need to respond with effective conservation measures has therefore never been greater. This edited book brings together an international team of contributing authors with wide-ranging expertise to provide a comprehensive synthesis of current research principles and management practices in primate conservation. The chapters are grouped into three sections: background and conceptual issues, threats, and solutions. In the first section, the authors consider why we should conserve primates, summarize the conservation status of primates, discuss species concepts and their relevance to conservation, review primate conservation genetics, and describe primate abundance and distributions. The second section includes discussion of threats from habitat destruction and degradation, primate trade, hunting, infectious diseases, and climate change. The third section considers solutions to primate conservation challenges from several perspectives: protected areas, landscape mosaics, human-primate conflict, reintroduction, ecosystem services, and evidence-based conservation. The book concludes with consideration of some future directions for primate conservation research."

"Primates tourism and identification in Indonesia"

"Latar Belakang: Pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi sulung memiliki tahapan yang sudah dimulai pada usia 5-6 minggu saat kehamilan. Kehamilan yang berlangsung selama lebih dari 9 bulan merupakan proses yang penting bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan organ salah satunya gigi sulung sehingga gangguan saat kehamilan dapat menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan gigi sulung. Salah satu parameter penentu kondisi kehamilan dapat dilihat dari pertambahan berat janin dengan mengukur bagian tubuh janin menggunakan Ultrasonography (USG). Pemantauan pertambahan berat janin ini dapat diukur dengan grafik pertumbuhan janin. Tujuan: menganalisis hubungan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin terhadap defek pembentukan struktur email gigi insisif sulung. Metode penelitian: Penelitian merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektif. Subjek penelitian adalah 16 bayi dengan defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung dan 16 bayi dengan struktur email utuh atau normal yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Data estimasi berat janin sampel di masukan kedalam grafik acuan WHO, mengikuti atau tidak mengikuti grafik, lalu dilihat hubungannya terhadap ada atau tidaknya defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung yang dilihat menggunakan metode fotografi. Hasil: terdapat hubungan komparatif antara pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin terhadap defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung. Kesimpulan: Anak dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin yang tidak mengikuti grafik acuan WHO memiliki resiko lebih besar terhadap adanya defek struktur email gigi insisif sulung dibandingkan dengan anak dengan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan janin mengikuti grafik acuan WHO.

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Background: The growth and development of primary teeth has begins at the age of 5 to 6 weeks during pregnancy. The nine months period of pregnancy plays an important role for the growth and development of organs. One of the them is the primary teeth. Disturbances during pregnancy can cause impaired growth and development of the primary teeth. One of the parameters in determining the condition of pregnancy is the fetus weight gain. This can be measured using Ultrasonography (USG). Monitoring of fetal weight gain can be measured with a fetal growth chart. Objective: to analyze the relationship of fetal growth and development to defects in the formation of the enamel structure of primary incisors. Method: The study was a retrospective cohort study. The research subjects were 16 infants with enamel structure defects in primary incisors and 16 infants with normal enamel structures that met the inclusion criteria. The data on the estimated fetal weight of the sample was entered into the WHO reference chart, following or not following the chart, and then seeing the relationship to the presence or absence of a structural defect in the primary incisor enamel as seen using the photographic method. Results: There is a comparative relationship between fetal growth and development on the enamel structure defects of primary incisors. Conclusion: Children with fetal growth and development who do not follow the WHO reference chart have a greater risk of developing a primary incisor enamel structure defect compared to children with fetal growth and development following the WHO reference chart."