Nanopartikel ZnO disintesis dari prekursor ZnO komersial melalui metode reduksi ukuran sol-gel menggunakan asam sitrat. Seng sitrat dikalsinasi pada suhu 600oC. ZnO nanopartikel dengan ukuran rata-rata 44,4 nm diperoleh pada rasio seng nitrat 1:2 terhadap asam sitrat. Film biokomposit dibuat dengan menggunakan metode solution casting dengan aseton sebagai pelarut. Penambahan plasticizer BBP dan nanopartikel ZnO sebesar masing-masing 30% dan 10% membuat biokomposit memiliki nilai kekuatan tarik 2,22 MPa. Pergeseran nilai suhu transisi gelas (Tg) selulosa asetat butirat tidak dapat terlihat dikarenakan homogenitas biokomposit saat proses casting. ......Plastics as packaging materials and coatings have increased globally every year. This poses a serious problem for the environment because of the difficulty to degrade. One solution to overcome the problem of plastic waste is the use of bioplastics. To improve the mechanical properties of bioplastics, biocomposites are fabricated with the addition of certain additives and fillers. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of plasticizer Butyl Benzyl Phthalate (BBP) and Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles to the mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposite cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) / organoclay.
ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized from a commercial ZnO precursor through sol-gel method to reduce the size using citric acid. Zinc citrate was calcined at a temperature of 600oC. ZnO nanoparticles with an average size of 44.4 nm were obtained at a mole ratio of zinc nitrate : citric acid was 1:2. Biocomposite films were made by solution casting method using acetone as the solvent. The addition of plasticizer BBP and ZnO nanoparticles by 30% and 10% respectively in the biocomposites produced a tensile strength of 2,223 MPa. Shifting value of the glass transition temperature (Tg) of cellulose acetate butyrate could not been observed due to the homogeneity of the biocomposite during the process of casting.
Berdasarkan riset Greenpeace pada tahun 2015, jumlah e-waste di Indonesia adalah 812.000 ton/tahun. Jumlah ini mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya yang mendorong industri informal untuk melakukan proses daur ulang. Salah satu komponen yang didaur ulang yaitu plastik dengan jenis ABS dan HIPs. Proses daur ulang yang tidak sesuai kriteria menyebabkan terjadinya pelepasan senyawa kimia yang dapat menyebabkan dampak risiko terhadap lingkungan maupun manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasi deskriptif yang bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran proses daur ulang limbah plastik ABS yang terdapat dalam E-Waste di industri informal yang berada di Kota Bekasi dan melihat faktor risiko kesehatan dan lingkungan yang mungkin ditimbulkan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu semua subjek yang berkaitan dalam proses daur ulang limbah plastik ABS. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik quota sampling dengan jumlah sampel 100 orang. Variabel yang diteliti yaitu karakteristik, sosial ekonomi, lama pajanan, pengetahuan, perilaku, dan gejala klinis individu berisiko. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan pengisian kuesioner, wawancara terbuka, dan observasi peneliti. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu proses daur ulang limbah plastik ABS yang terdapat dalam E-Waste di Indonesia masih belum teratur dan terintegrasi. Faktor risiko kesehatan yang ditimbulkan yaitu terkena benda tajam dan gigitan binatang, serta terpapar limbah hasil proses. Faktor risiko terhadap lingkungan dapat berupa limbah hasil proses, sampah organik, dan sampah yang tidak memiliki nilai jual. Individu berisiko didominasi oleh pria (80.7%) dibandingkan dengan wanita (19.7%), dengan persentase terbanyak pada usia produktif (50.0%). Serta memiliki tingkat pendidikan menengah kebawah (72.7%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini yaitu terdapat risiko kesehatan dan lingkungan pada proses daur ulang limbah plastik ABS di Kota Bekasi.
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Based on Greenpeace research in 2015, the amount of E-Waste in Indonesia is 812.000 ton per year. Because of the total amount of E-Waste is increasing annually, informal instances start to do recycle process. One of the components that is recycled is plastic with ABS and HIPs types. Recycling processes that do not meet the criteria can cause the release of chemical compounds that has a risky impact on environment and humans. This research is a descriptive observational study, the purpose of this research is to look at an overview of ABS plastic waste recycling process contained in E-Waste from informal industries located in Bekasi City and also to see the health risk factors and the environment harms it might cause. The population of this research are all of the subjects related to the recycling process of ABS plastic waste. The sample are taken by using Quota sampling technique with a sample size of 100 people. The variables studied are characteristics, socioeconomic, length of exposure, knowledge, behavior and clinical symptoms of the risky individual. Data collection was done by filling out questionnaires, open interviews, and researcher observation. The result of this research is that the recycling process of ABS plastic waste contained in E-Waste in Indonesia is still unorganized and unintegrated. The health risk factors that can be caused are exposure to sharp objects and animal bites, and exposure of process waste. Risk factors for the environment can be in the form of processed waste, organic waste, and waste that has no sale value. Individuals at risk are dominated by men (80.7%) compared to women (19.7%), with the highest percentage at productive age (50.0%). As well as having an under average education level (72.7%). The Research conclude that there are health and environmental risks to the recycling process of ABS plastic waste in Bekasi city.
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