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Abstrak :
Bekerja secara efektif dan efisien telah menjadi salah satu fokus terpenting dalam bisnis saat ini. Tesis ini membahas tentang unsur-unsur penyebab perbedaan antara perilaku aktual dan yang direncanakan secara penyelidikan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Saya akan menjelaskan analisis perbedaan yang terjadi dan menerapkan teori ke dalam praktik. Tesis akan menjelaskan cara menafsirkan hasil perhitungan dari variance analysis, penggunaan balanced scorecard, rekomendasi dan kesimpulan.

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Working effectively and efficiently has become one of the most important focuses in todays business. This thesis unravels the components that construct a lodges unfavorable and favorable variances between the actual and planned actions. I will explain the analysis of the differences that occurred and apply theories into practice. The thesis will thoroughly explain the usage of variance analysis calculations, implementing some aspects of balanced scorecard, recommendations and conclusion.

Abstrak :
How does nature work in our human-created city, suburb, and exurb/​peri-urb? Indeed how is ecology - including its urban water, soil, air, plant, and animal foundations - spatially entwined with this great human enterprise? And how can we improve urban areas for both nature and people? Urban Ecology: Science of Cities explores the entire urban area: from streets, lawns, and parks to riversides, sewer systems, and industrial sites. The book presents models, patterns, and examples from hundreds of cities worldwide. Numerous illustrations enrich the presentation. Cities are analyzed, not as ecologically bad or good, but as places with concentrated rather than dispersed people. Urban ecology principles, traditionally adapted from natural-area ecology, now increasingly emerge from the distinctive features of cities. Spatial patterns and flows, linking organisms, built structures, and the physical environment highlight a treasure chest of useful principles. This text opens up frontiers of insight, as a valuable source and text for undergraduates, graduates, researchers, professionals and others with a thirst for solutions to growing urban problems.