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"Penelitian terhadap Hibiscus rosa-sinensis variasi crested peach pada musim kemarau dan hujan menemukan plastisitas fenotipe, kemampuan genotipe untuk menunjukkan fenotipe yang berbeda berdasarkan lingkungannya. Plastisitas fenotipe tersebut menyebabkan karakter bunga menyerupai bunga single atau double dilihat dari perubahan stamen menjadi petal serta morfologi dan anatomi ovarium. Perubahan tersebut diduga disebabkan oleh perubahan ekspresi gen homeotik MADS-box, tepatnya gen AGAMOUS. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh lingkungan terhadap plastisitas fenotipe serta hubungan antara plastisitas fenotipe dan ekspresi gen AGAMOUS pada bunga tersebut. Pencatatan suhu udara dan tanah, kelembapan udara dan tanah, pH tanah, dan intensitas cahaya serta morfologi bunga dan ovarium dilakukan setiap hari Senin, Rabu, dan Jumat. Isolasi DNA dan PCR dilakukan untuk menemukan primer optimal dalam amplifikasi gen AGAMOUS. Isolasi RNA dan RT-PCR dilakukan untuk menemukan primer yang menempel pada ekson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi suhu udara, kelembapan udara, dan curah hujan mempengaruhi plastisitas fenotipe bunga, berdasarkan data morfologi dan data ovarium. Amplifikasi DNA dengan primer A1, C6, dan C7 masing-masing menghasilkan satu pita dengan panjang 300 bp, 200 bp, dan 300 bp. Primer D3 menghasilkan pola pita yang unik; bunga single memiliki pita dengan panjang 550 bp dan 450 bp, sedangkan crested dan double memiliki pita tambahan dengan panjang 300 bp. Amplifikasi cDNA dengan sembilan primer yang diuji tidak menghasilkan pita yang terdeteksi. Pola pita primer D3 diduga merupakan gene duplication atau copy number variation pada gen AGAMOUS yang mungkin belum diekspresikan tetapi ada sebagai salah satu cara tumbuhan bertahan hidup di tengah perubahan iklim.

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Research on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis crested peach found that changes of stamen into additional petal and ovary morphology and anatomy cause flowers to resemble single or double flowers, depending on the season. Such organ changes are assumed to be caused by MADS-box homeotic gene expression changes, specifically the AGAMOUS gene. Therefore, research was done to analyze the effects of the environment on phenotypic plasticity and analyze the relationship between phenotypic plasticity and AGAMOUS gene expression. The study was conducted by observing and linking air and soil temperature, air and soil humidity, soil pH, and light intensity with flower and ovary morphology every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday. DNA isolation and PCR were conducted to find optimal primers for amplifying AGAMOUS gene. RNA isolation and RT-PCR were conducted to find primers that attach to exons. Results found that a combination of air temperature, air humidity, and rainfall affects the phenotypic plasticity, as seen from the variations of flower and ovary morphology that occurred. DNA amplification with primers A1, C6, and C7 produced one band with a length of 300 bp, 200 bp, and 300 bp, respectively. Primer D3 produced a unique banding pattern; single flowers have bands with lengths of 550 bp and 450 bp, while crested and double flowers have an additional band with a length of 300 bp. cDNA amplification with nine primers tested did not produce detectable bands. The difference in the banding pattern produced by primer D3 is suspected to be a gene duplication or copy number variation in the AGAMOUS gene that may not have been expressed but exists as one way for plants to survive amidst climate change."

"The proposed project will place particular emphasis upon the adaptive complex in relation to endogenous (e.g., genomes, neurophysiology) and exogenous (abiotic and biotic, including social environments) organismal features discussed as regulatory and environmental perturbations with the potential to induce, and, often, constrain variability and novelty of form and function"