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Abstrak :
Tablet terdisintegrasi cepat merupakan salah satu teknologi farmasi yang sedang berkembang saat ini. Tablet terdisintegrasi atau FDT (fast disintegrating tablet) merupakan tablet yang ketika diletakkan pada lidah akan terdisintegrasi secara instan serta melepaskan obat dengan bantuan saliva. Teknologi ini dapat memecahkan permasalahan pemberian obat secara oral pada pasien-pasien seperti pediatri, geriatri ataupun pada keadaan dimana pasiennya tidak dapat menelan tablet secara konvensional dengan bantuan air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengoptimasi kecepatan disintegrasi dan rasa pada tablet terdisintegrasi dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi sodium starch glycolate dan manitol. Optimasi kecepatan disintegrasi menggunakan sodium starch glycolate dengan konsentrasi 8%, 12% dan 16% dan kemudian diuji waktu disintegrasinya. Setelah diketahui kecepatan disintegrasi yang paling optimum maka dilakukan optimasi rasa dengan menggunakan manitol pada konsentrasi 32%, 36% dan 40%. Evaluasi tentang rasa dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji kesukaan (hedonitas) dan dianalisis dengan yang baik pada tablet terdisintegrasi cepat adalah 27±1 detik. Waktu disintegrasi paling baik tercapai pada tablet yang mengandung konsentrasi sodium starch glycolate sebesar 16%. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara formulasi tablet yang mengandung konsentrasi manitol 32%, 36% dan 40% sehingga tidak dapat diketahui formulasi tablet yang disukai konsumen. ......Fast disintegrating tablet is one of advanced pharmaceutical technologies. Fast disintegrating tablets is a tablet when placed on the tongue will be instantly disintegrated and releases the drug with the help of saliva. This technology can solve the problem of using oral drug in patients such as pediatrics, geriatrics or in circumstances where the patient can not swallow tablets conventionally with the help of water. The purpose of this study was to optimize the speed of disintegration and to optimize taste in fast disintegrating tablet formulations both with varying concentrations of sodium starch glycolate and mannitol. Optimization the speed of disintegration was done by using sodium starch glycolate with concentration of 8%, 12% and 16% and then disintegration time was tested. After the optimum speed decided, the next step was optimizing the taste using various manitol concentration of 32%, 36% and 40% and evaluation of the taste was conducted by using hedonity test and analyzed with SPSS program. Disintegration of good fast disintegrating tablet was 27 ± 1 second. The best disintegration time was achieved in tablet using sodium starch glycolate of 16%. No significant taste differences among tablet formulations that contain manitol concentrations of 32%, 36% and 40%, thus it can’t be decided which one of tablet formulation was preffered by customers.

Abstrak :
Instalasi Radiodiagnostik RS Kanker Dharmais pada tahun 2019 memiliki persediaan perbekalan farmasi yang berlebih lalu menjadi kedaluwarsa. Hal ini menyebabkan peningkatan pada biaya penyimpanan persediaan, biaya pengelolaan limbah rumah sakit, serta limbah berpotensi mencemari lingkungan sekitar. Oleh karena itu, studi perencanaan pengendalian persediaan melalui sistem EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) dan ROP (Reorder Point) di Instalasi Radiodiagnostik RS Kanker Dharmais dilakukan untuk menentukan jumlah pemesanan yang ekonomis, jumlah persediaan minimum, dan jumlah persediaan cadangan. Penelitian dilakukan secara deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan retrospektif, di mana data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah dokumen produksi di fasilitas pembuatan PET radiofarmaka, berupa harga beli perbekalan farmasi yang termasuk biaya pemesanan dan biaya penyimpanan, jumlah pemakaian persediaan dalam setahun, serta waktu yang diperlukan dari saat memesan barang hingga sampai. Perhitungan EOQ pada penelitian menghasilkan jumlah pemesanan perbekalan farmasi yang ekonomis dengan variasi mulai dari 1-17 box, 1-5 botol, dan 1 tabung gas. Pemesanan dilakukan kembali ketika persediaan telah mencapai jumlah minimumnya (reorder point), dengan variasi mulai dari 1-91 piece(s), 1/10 - 1 4/5 botol, dan 2-14 bar. Kemudian, untuk mengantisipasi stockout maka dibutuhkan safety stock dengan jumlah bervariasi mulai dari 1-10 box, 1 botol, dan 1 tabung gas. Berdasarkan perencanaan yang dilakukan, pengendalian persediaan perbekalan farmasi melalui sistem EOQ dan ROP di Instalasi Radiodiagnostik RS Kanker Dharmais menghasilkan jumlah pemesanan yang ekonomis, pada waktu yang tepat, serta mencegah terjadinya overstock (kelebihan persediaan) maupun stockout (kekosongan persediaan). ......Radiodiagnostic Department of Dharmais Cancer Hospital in 2019, had an excess supply which eventually became expired. This case increased inventory storage costs, the hospital waste management cost, as well as the waste potentially pollute the surrounding environment. Therefore, the study of planning inventory control was carried out through the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) and ROP (Reorder Point) systems at the Radiodiagnostic Department of Dharmais Cancer Hospital to determine the number of economic orders, minimum inventory quantities, and the number of safety stocks. The study was conducted descriptively observational with a retrospective approach, where the data used in the study were production documents at the radiopharmaceutical PET manufacturing facility, consisting the purchase price of the supplies which included ordering cost and holding cost, annual usage for the inventory item, also lead time for a new order. The EOQ calculation in this study resulted in an economical amount of pharmaceutical supplies with variations ranging from 1-17 boxes, 1-5 bottles, and 1 gas cylinder. Orders were remade when the amount of inventory had reached the reorder point (ROP), with variations ranging from 1-91 piece(s), 1/10 - 1 4/5 bottles, and 2-14 bars. Then, to anticipate stockout, safety stocks were needed with varying amounts ranging from 1-10 boxes, 1 bottle, and 1 gas cylinder. Based on the planning, inventory control for pharmaceutical supplies through EOQ and ROP systems in the Radiodiagnostic Department of Dharmais Cancer Hospital generated an economical number of orders, at the right time, also prevented overstock and stockout.

Abstrak :
Because pharmaceutical scientists lack information about biopharmaceutical product manufacture and commercialization, this book comprehensively covers fundamentals and essential pathways for each production phase; as well as the purpose, function, and relation to other stages in the product development process. It provides case histories related to therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, and plasma fractions. And it offers the perspective and experience of production and manufacturing of the drugs, making this a vital for pharmaceutical, biotech, regulatory, and academic researchers and professionals