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Abstrak :
Populasi lanjut usia (lansia) di dunia mengalami peningkatan secara cepat. Persentase lansia Indonesia meningkat sekitar dua kali lipat dalam waktu hampir lima dekade (1971-2017), yaitu menjadi 8,97% (23,4 juta). Peningkatan penduduk lansia ini mengakibatkan adanya peningkatan permasalahan pada lansia. Depresi merupakan gangguan fungsi psikososial yang umum terjadi pada lansia. Terapi kelompok reminiscence spiritual adalah salah satu intervensi yang dikembangkan untuk mengatasi depresi pada lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh terapi kelompok reminiscence spiritual terhadap depresi pada lansia di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha. Penelitian ini menggunakan design quasi experimental pre-posttest with control group dengan menggunakan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Panti Sosial Tresna Werdha Kalimantan Selatan dan Kalimantan Tengah dengan menggunakan instrumen Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Intervensi dilakukan sebanyak 12 sesi selama 6 minggu. Sampel berjumlah 67 orang (rerata usia = 68,22 tahun) pada kelompok intervensi dan 64 orang (rerata usia = 71,52 tahun) pada kelompok non-intervensi. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan terdapat perbedaan rerata depresi yang bermakna sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi kelompok reminiscence spiritual pada kelompok intervensi (p value = <0,001; α = 0,05); tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata depresi yang bermakna sebelum dan setelah diberikan terapi kelompok reminiscence spiritual pada kelompok non-intervensi (p value = 0,114); dan terdapat perbedaan rerata depresi yang bermakna antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok non-intervensi (p value = < 0,001; α = 0,05). Hasil penelitan ini disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh terapi kelompok reminiscence spiritual yang bermakna terhadap depresi pada lansia di panti sosial tresna werdha. Perawatan depresi pada lansia tidak hanya dapat diberikan secara psikologis tetapi juga dapat menggunakan aspek spiritual yang diketahui sebagai sumber koping yang digunakan lansia. Oleh karena itu, perawat diharapkan tidak hanya melakukan perawatan biologis saja, tetapi juga perawatan psikologis, sosial, kultural dan spiritualnya. ...... The population of the older people in the world is increasing rapidly. The percentage of Indonesian older people has doubled in almost five decades (1971-2017), to 8.97% (23.4 million). Increasing older people population has resulted in an increase of problems in the older people. Depression is a psychosocial function disorder that is common in the older people. Spiritual reminiscence group therapy is one of the interventions that developed to overcome depression in the older people. This study aims to identify the effect of spiritual reminiscence group therapy on depression in the older people at the social institution. This study used the quasi experimental design pre-posttest with control group and purposive sampling. This research was conducted at the Social Institutions in South and Central Kalimantan using a Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). The intervention was conducted in 12 sessions for 6 weeks. The sample amounted to 67 people (mean age = 68,22 years) in the intervention group and 64 people (mean age = 71,52 years) in the non-intervention group. The results of this study stated that there was significant difference in depression mean before and after being given the spiritual reminiscence group therapy in the intervention group (p value = <0.001; α = 0.05); there was no significant difference in depression mean before and after being given the spiritual reminiscence group therapy in the non-intervention group (p value = 0.114); and there was significant difference in depression mean between the intervention group and the non-intervention group (p value = <0.001; α = 0.05). The result of this study was concluded that there was a significant effect of the spiritual reminiscence group therapy on depression in the older people at the social institution. Depression intervention in the older people can not only be given psychologically but also can use spiritual aspects which are known as sources of coping used by the older people. Therefore, nurses are expected to not only carry out biological care, but also psychological, social, cultural and spiritual care.

Abstrak :
Keberadaan anggota rumah tangga khususnya anak merupakan salah satu jaring pengaman lansia di masa tua selain bekerja. Hal ini dikarenakan masih kurangnya jaminan sosial di Indonesia. Pandemi Covid-19 mengancam kestabilan ekonomi lansia sehingga ketergantungan finansial lansia pada keluarga terutama anak semakin meningkat. Tetapi, potensi dukungan yang dilihat dari keberadaan anggota keluarga yang tinggal bersama menunjukkan tren menurun khususnya pada masa pandemi covid-19 dibandingkan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dukungan keluarga yang dilihat dari keberadaan anggota keluarga dalam rumah tangga khususnya anak terhadap keputusan bekerja lansia sebagai pekerja formal dan informal dengan mempertimbangkan ketergantungan finansial anak yang tinggal bersama serta bagaimana perubahannya selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Hasil analisis regresi multinomial dengan membandingkan dua data cross section Susenas Maret 2018 dan 2021 menemukan bahwa kecenderungan lansia yang tinggal sendiri, bersama dengan pasangan, dengan anak tertanggung, dan lainnya untuk bekerja sebagai pekerja formal dan informal lebih tinggi dibandingkan tinggal bersama anak yang mandiri. Ketidakhadiran anak yang mandiri secara finansial meningkatkan tekanan ekonomi lansia saat pandemi sehingga kecenderungan untuk bekerja meningkat. Selain itu pada tahun 2021, kecenderungan untuk bekerja meningkat lebih besar pada pekerja informal dibanding pekerja formal yang mengindikasikan adanya tekanan ekonomi yang lebih besar saat pandemi. Tinggal dengan anak yang mandiri secara finansial disarankan untuk menjaga kestabilan status ekonomi lansia tetapi juga harus diikuti oleh dukungan emosional. Selain itu, keberadaan jaminan hari tua penting untuk menjaga kestabilan ekonomi lansia ditengah ketiadakhadiran anak yang mandiri secara finansial. ......Apart from work, household members, especially children, are a safety net for the older adults due to Indonesia's lack of social security. The COVID-19 pandemic threatens the economic stability of the older adults so they become more financially dependent on families, especially children. However, the potential for support seen from the presence household members living together tends to decrease, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to analyze family support as seen from the presence of family members in the household, especially children with older adults decisions to work as formal and informal workers, by considering the financial dependence of children who live together and how it changes during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of multinomial regression analysis by comparing two cross-sectional data from the March 2018 and 2021 Susenas found that the likelihood of the older adults living alone, with their spouse, with the dependent children, and others to work as formal and informal workers is higher than living with independent children. The absence of financially independent children increases the economic pressure on the elderly during the pandemic, so the likelihood to work increases. In 2021, the likelihood to work is more prominent in informal workers than formal workers, indicating more significant economic pressure during the pandemic. Living with a financially independent child is recommended to maintain the stability of the older adults's economic status but must also be accompanied by emotional support from family. The existence of an old-age social security system is essential to maintain the economic stability of the older adults in the absence of financially independent children.

Abstrak :
The papers published in this special issue of the Asia-Pacific Population Journal were presented at the international conference ?Population and Development in Asia: Critical Issues for a Sustainable Future?, held from 20 to 22 March 2006 in Phuket, Thailand. The panel on ?Ageing and Development? was one of the 10 panels. This book examines the future surge in Asian families. Because of older adults in these societies will have higher levels of education and standards of living, there are some concerns that traditional support for elderly may fade. Therefore, promoting active ageing may be one important means to reduce the dependence of older persons on the younger population. Rapid population ageing in Asia is accompanied by rapid changes in socio-economic and political developments. This will in turn affect living arrangements of older persons while family has traditionally been the pillar of support for this segment of the population in Asia, some studies have shown that modernization and urbanization tend to affect the level and quality o f this familial support.