Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Atau ulat grayak adalah salah satu jenis hama polifagik yang sangat merugikan bagi pertumbuhan tanaman budidaya. Pemanfaatan ekstrak tanaman adalah salah satu alternatif efektif dalam mengendalikan hama ulat grayak saat ini. Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. termasuk parasit yang mengandung metabolit sekunder dengan berbagai bioaktif, seperti antidiabetik, antioksidan, antikanker, hipertensi, dan sifat antibakteri. Namun, bioaktivitas parasit D. pentandra di pertanian, seperti antifeedant terhadap hama serangga, belum diketahui potensinya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antifeedant parasit D. pentandra pada larva S. litura. Subjek penelitian ini adalah ekstrak kasar batang D. pentandra dan parasit daun dengan konsentrasi 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, dan 2500 ppm. Sebanyak 20 larva neonatal S. litura di setiap ulangan diberi pakan buatan yang mengandung kedua ekstrak. Menguji aktivitas antifeedant menggunakan uji makan kronis selama 7 hari. Pengambilan data uji antifeedant meliputi rata-rata persentase penurunan aktivitas makan, rata-rata berat badan larva S. litura, dan rata-rata jumlah larva S. litura mati. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua ekstrak tersebut berpotensi sebagai antifeedant terhadap larva S. litura. Konsentrasi efektif D. pentandra ekstrak batang dan daun dalam mengurangi aktivitas makan larva S. litura, yaitu pada konsentrasi 1500 dan 2500 ppm.

---

Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Or armyworm is one type of polyphagic pest that is very detrimental to the growth of cultivated plants. Utilization of plant extracts is one effective alternative in controlling armyworm pests today. Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq. including parasites which contain secondary metabolites with various bioactives, such as antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, hypertension, and antibacterial properties. However, the bioactivity of parasites of D. pentandra in agriculture, such as antifeedants against insect pests, is not yet known for its potential. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antifeedant activity of D. pentandra parasites on S. litura larvae. The subjects of this study were crude extracts of D. pentandra stem and leaf parasites with concentrations consisting of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2500 ppm. A total of 20 S. litura neonatal larvae in each replicate were given artificial feed containing both extracts. Testing antifeedant activity using chronic feeding assay for 7 days. The retrieval of antifeedant test data included the average percentage decrease in feeding activity, the average body weight of S. litura larvae, and the average number of dead S. litura larvae. The results showed that both extracts have potential as antifeedants against S. litura larvae. Effective concentrations of D. pentandra stem and leaf parasite extracts in reducing the feeding activity of S. litura larvae, namely at concentrations of 1500 and 2500 ppm

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit metabolik dengan hiperglikemia sebagai karakteristik utamanya. Prevalensi DM meningkat setiap tahunnya. Apabila tidak diobati, DM dapat berkomplikasi menjadi retinopati, nefropati, mikroangiopati, stroke, hingga amputasi ekstremitas. Ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera indica diketahui memiliki aktivitas inhibisi terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase. Oleh karena itu, ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida berpotensi memiliki aktivitas inhibisi serupa dan dapat menjadi alternatif terapi DM. Tujuan: Mengetahui kandungan senyawa fitokimia pada ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida dan aktivitas inhibisinya terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase. Metode: Daging buah, kulit, dan biji Mangifera quadrifida kering diblender hingga menjadi bubuk dan dimaserasi dalam pelarut n-heksana. Ekstrak kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji fitokimia dan kromatografi lapis tipis. Selanjutnya, uji inhibisi aktivitas ekstrak terhadap enzim α-amilase dan α-glukosidase dilakukan. Spektrofotometri digunakan untuk menilai absorbansi. Nilai absorbansi akan digunakan untuk menghitung persentase inhibisi. Hasil: Mangifera quadrifida berhasil diekstrak ke dalam pelarut n-heksana. Hasil uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida mengandung tanin dan glikosida. Hasil kromatografi menunjukkan enam noda dengan nilai faktor retardasi (Rf) masing-masing 0,34; 0,48; 0,62; 0,72; 0,79 dan 0,90. Hasil uji aktivitas enzim menunjukkan nilai IC50 aktivitas inhibisi ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida terhadap α-amilase dan α-glukosidase berturut-turut adalah 40,72 ± 1,56 dan 12,23 ± 0,27 ppm. Diskusi: Metabolit sekunder yang terkandung dalam ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida, yaitu tanin dan glikosida, memiliki aktivitas inhibisi terhadap enzim α-amilase dan α-glukosidase pada uji in vitro. Aktivitas inhibisi ekstrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida terhadap α-glukosidase lebih baik dibandingkan terhadap α-amilase. Kesimpulan: Esktrak n-heksana Mangifera quadrifida memiliki potensi sebagai agen antidiabetes melalui mekanisme inhibisi aktivitas enzim α-amilase dan α-glukosidase. ......Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia as its main characteristic. The prevalence of DM increases every year. If left untreated, DM can lead to several complications, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, microangiopathy, stroke, and amputation of limbs. N-hexane extract of Mangifera indica known to have an inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Therefore, n-hexane extract of Mangifera quadrifida has the potential to exhibit same activity, thus making it as a alternative therapy for DM. Objective: This research was done to determine the phytochemical compound of n-hexane extract of Mangifera quadrifida and its inhibitory activity toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Methods: Dried flesh, peel, and seeds of Mangifera quadrifida were grinded into fine powder and macerated in n-hexane as a solvent. The extract was tested using phytochemical analysis and thin-layer chromatography. After that, inhibitory activity toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase was done and the absorbance value was observed. The absorbance value from spectrophotometry was then used to calculate inhibition percentage. Result: Mangifera quadrifida was successfully extracted to n-hexane solvent. Phytochemical analysis showed that the extract contains tannin and glycoside. Chromatography showed six stains with retention factor (Rf) of 0.34, 0.48, 0.62, 0.72, 0.79, and 0.90, respectively. Enzymatic activity test showed IC50 value of n-hexane extract of Mangifera quadrifida toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase were 40.72 ± 1.56 and 12,23 ± 0.27 ppm, respectively. Discussion: Tannin and glycoside, secondary metabolites contained in n-hexane extract of Mangifera quadrifida, have inhibitory activity toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase in an in vitro test. This action is greater in α-glucosidase compared to α-amylase. Conclusion: N-hexane extract of Mangifera quadrifida has a great potential as an antidiabetic agent through inhibition activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase.