Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
Latihan fisik berpengaruh terhadap plastisitas sinaps yaitu dalam interaksi neuron-glia. Astrosit adalah sel glia yang paling berperan dalam plastisitas sinaps. Penelitian ini menggunakan kadar glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) dan heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) plasma sebagai parameter aktivitas astrosit yang diinduksi latihan fisik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan durasi latihan fisik aerobik intensitas sedang (10 menit vs 30 menit) terhadap kadar GFAP dan HSP27 plasma pada orang dewasa muda sehat. Penelitian eksperimental ini mengunakan desain kontrol diri sendiri. Mahasiswa kedokteran usia dewasa muda (n=22) dibagi dalam dua kelompok perlakuan, kelompok pertama mengunakan perlakuan sepeda statis intensitas sedang dengan durasi 10 menit dan kelompok yang lain mengunakan perlakuan sepeda statis intensitas sedang dengan durasi 30 menit. Uji sepeda statis dilakukan selama 1 hari. Sebelum dan sesudah uji sepeda statis dilakukan pengambilan darah. Kadar GFAP dan HSP27 plasma diukur dengan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Kadar GFAP plasma menurun bermakna pada kelompok yang mendapat latihan fisik aerobik intensitas sedang durasi 30 menit (p<0,05). Kadar HSP27 plasma menurun bermakna pada kelompok yang mendapat latihan fisik aerobik intensitas sedang durasi 10 menit (p<0,05). Kadar GFAP dan HSP27 plasma antara kelompok latihan fisik aerobik intensitas sedang durasi 10 menit dan 30 menit tidak memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0,05). Penelitian ini menunjukan latihan fisik intensitas sedang menginduksi perubahan yang bermakna pada marker aktivitas astrosit. Kadar GFAP plasma menurun bermakna pada durasi 30 menit sedangkan konsentrasi HSP27 menurun bermakna pada durasi 10 menit. Namun, durasi latihan fisik aerobik intensitas sedang tidak berpengaruh secara bermakna terhadap kadar dua parameter aktivitas astrosit yaitu GFAP dan HSP27 plasma. Meskipun kadar GFAP plasma menurun pada durasi latihan fisik yang berbeda, perbandingan antara kadar GFAP plasma sesudah durasi 10 menit dan 30 menit tidak memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna. Hasil yang sama juga ditemukan pada HSP27. Penelitian ini adalah yang pertama kali menunjukan penurunan kadar GFAP plasma sesudah latihan fisik durasi 30 menit dan kadar HSP27 plasma sesudah latihan fisik durasi 10 menit. ...... Physical exercise effects on synapses plasticity that in neuron-glia interactions. Astrocytes are the most responsible glial cells in synapse plasticity. This study uses the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) plasma concentrations as exercise-induced astrocyte activity parameter. The aim of this study was comparison between two duration of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (10 minutes vs 30 minutes) on GFAP and HSP27 plasma concentration in healthy young adults. This experimental study was before and after study design. Healthy young adult medical students (n = 22) were divided into two treatment groups, the first group was using stationary bikes exercise in moderate-intensity activity for 10 minutes duration and the other group was using stationary bikes exercise in moderate-intensity activity for 30 minutes duration. Static bike test was performed in the same day. Blood sampling was performed before and after static bike test. GFAP and HSP27 plasma levels were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). GFAP plasma concentration decreased significantly in the 30 minutes moderate-intensity aerobic exercise duration (p<0.05). HSP27 plasma concentration decreased significantly in the 10 minutes moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (p<0.05). There was no significant differences in GFAP and HSP27 plasma concentration between 10 minutes and 30 minutes moderate-intensity aerobic exercise(p>0.05). Our result showed moderate-intensity aerobic exercise induced significant changes in astrocytes activity parameter. 30 minutes duration significantly lowered GFAP plasma concentration while 10 minutes duration significantly lowered HSP27 plasma concentration. However, duration of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise did not alter significantly plasma concentration of the two astrocyte activity parameter: GFAP and HSP27. Despite the lowered GFAP plasma concentration in different exercise duration, comparison between GFAP plasma concentration after 10 minutes and 30 minutes duration showed no significant differences. The same result also found in HSP27. This is the first result that showed a decrease in GFAP plasma concentration after 30 minutes exercise and HSP27 plasma concentration after 10 minutes.

Abstrak :
Seiring dengan pertambahan usia maka fungsi memori akan berkurang. Dasar molekular dari proses pembentukan memori adalah plastisitas sinaps, proses ini terjadi di hipokampus. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor BDNF merupakan salah satu protein neurotropik, berperan dalam plastisitas sinaps dan proses pembentukan memori. BDNF akan berikatan dengan reseptornya, Tyrosine receptor kinase B TrkB dan memicu aktivasi beberapa jalur transduksi sinyal yang berperan dalam plastisitas sinaps. Beberapa upaya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan ekspresi BDNF, salah satunya adalah penggunakan Centella asiatica. Centella asiatica adalah tanaman herbal yang umum digunakan untuk memperbaiki fungsi belajar dan memori. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek pemberian ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica terhadap ekspresi protein BDNF dan TrkB pada regio CA1 hipokampus. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental dengan menggunakan delapan belas tikus Wistar jantan dewasa, secara acak dibagi dalam tiga kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol/akuades dan kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica dengan dosis 300 mg/kgBB CeA300 dan 600 mg/kgBB CeA600 . Pemberian ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica dilakukan selama 28 hari berturut-turut dan dengan penyesuaian dosis mingguan. Setelah 28 hari, tikus didekapitasi dan hipokampus diisolasi dari jaringan otak. Ekspresi protein BDNF dan TrkB diukur dengan menggunakan teknik imunohistokimia pada regio CA1 hipokampus. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan tes Kruskal-Wallis dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis post-hoc. Terdapat peningkatan yang bermakna pada ekspresi protein BDNF dan TrkB pada kelompok CeA600 dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Pemberian ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica meningkatkan ekspresi BDNF dan TrkB di regio CA1 hipokampus.

---

As we grow old, memory function will be decrease. Synaptic plasticity, which takes place in hippocampus, is the molecular basis of long term memory formation process. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor BDNF , a member of the neurotrophin family, plays a role in synaptic plasticity and memory formation process. BDNF will bind to its receptor Tyrosine receptor kinase B TrkB and will start various intracellular signal transduction that leads to synaptic plasticity. Centella asiatica CeA is a vines herbaceous plant commonly used for improving memory and learning. This study aims to identify the effects of CeA ethanol extract on BDNF and TrkB protein expression on CA1 hippocampus regio. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats were divided into three groups control aquadest group and groups treated with two different doses mg kg of CeA 300 mg kgBB CeA300 and 600 mg kgBB CeA600 . CeA ethanol extract was administered orally for 28 consecutive days with weekly weight adjusted dose. After 28 days, rats were decapitated and the hippocampus was isolated from the brain. BDNF and TrkB protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry technique on the CA1 regio of the hippocampus. Data was analyzed using Kruskal Wallis test and continued with post hoc analysis. There was significant increase of BDNF and TrkB protein expression on CeA600 group compared to control group. Administration of CeA ethanol extract increases BDNF and TrkB protein expression on CA1 hippocampus regio.

Abstrak :
PENDAHULUAN: Teknik motor imagery diketahui berpengaruh terhadap fungsi motorik anggota gerak atas pasien stroke iskemik kronik. Meskipun demikian, belum diketahui pengaruh teknik motor imagery terhadap neuroplastisitas secara molekular pada pasien stroke iskemik kronik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh teknik motor imagery terhadap fungsi anggota gerak atas dan neuroplastisitas pasien stroke iskemik kronik. METODE: Kami melaporkan 3 kasus stroke iskemik kronik. Kasus pertama wanita usia 40 tahun dengan stroke pertama awitan 5 tahun dan komorbid systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Kasus kedua wanita usia 53 tahun dengan stroke pertama awitan 3 tahun, komorbid hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Kasus ketiga pria usia 51 tahun dengan stroke berulang ketiga awitan 1 tahun, komorbid hipertensi dan hiperlipidemia. Kami melakukan intervensi teknik motor imagery 1 sesi per minggu selama 12 minggu, dengan durasi 20 menit per sesi, menggunakan panduan elektroensefalografi (EEG) elektroda tunggal portabel. Luaran fungsional dinilai dengan Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory-13 (CAHAI-13) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Parameter neuroplastisitas diukur dari kadar Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) serum yang dinilai pada pra-intervensi, minggu ke-6, dan pasca-intervensi minggu ke-12 HASIL: Pemulihan fungsi anggota gerak atas yang bermakna secara klinis didapatkan pada kasus kedua dengan peningkatan skor CAHAI-13 sebesar 21 poin disertai peningkatan kadar BDNF serum pada minggu ke-6 yang relatif menetap pada pengukuran minggu ke-12. Pada kasus ketiga didapatkan peningkatan skor CAHAI-13 yang tidak bermakna secara klinis, sementara pada kasus pertama tidak didapatkan perubahan. Kadar BDNF pada kasus pertama dan ketiga memiliki kecenderungan yang sama, yaitu meningkat pada minggu ke-6, dan turun kembali pada minggu ke-12 dengan kadar yang masih lebih tinggi dibandingkan kadar pra-intervensi. KESIMPULAN: Teknik motor imagery 1 sesi per minggu selama 12 minggu, durasi 20 menit per sesi, terbukti berpengaruh terhadap neuroplastisitas pasien stroke iskemik kronik, dan terhadap pemulihan motorik anggota gerak atas pasien stroke iskemik kronik serangan pertama awitan 3 tahun. ......INTRODUCTION: Motor imagery is known to affect motor function of upper limbs in chronic ischemic stroke patients. However, the effect of motor imagery on molecular neuroplasticity in chronic ischemic stroke patients is not yet established. This study aims to determine the efect of motor imagery on upper limb function and neuroplasticity of chronic ischemic stroke patients. METHODS: We reported 3 cases of chronic ischemic stroke. The first case was a 40-year-old woman with stroke onset 5 years and comorbid systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The second case was a 53-year-old woman with a first strokte of 3 years onset, comorbid hypertension and diabetes mellitus type 2. The third case was a 51-year-old with third recurrent stroke of 1 year onset, comorbid hypertension and hyperlipidemia. We performed motor imagery 1 session per week for 12 weeks, with a duration of 20 minutes per session, using single electrode portable electroencephalograph (EEG) guidance. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Chedoke Arm and Hand Activity Inventory-13 (CAHAI-13) before and after intervention. Neuroplasticity parameters were measured from serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels which were assessed at pre-intervention, week 6, and week 12 post-intervention. RESULTS: Clinically significant recovery of upper limb function was found in the second case with an increase in the CAHAI-13 score of 21 points, accompanied by an increase in serum BDNF levels at week 6 which was relatively stable at week 12. In the third case, there was an increase in the CAHAI-13 score which was not clinically significant, while in the first case there was no change. Serum BDNF levels in the first and third cases had the same tendency, which increased at week 6 and decreased at week 12, with the levels still higher than pre-intervention levels. CONCLUSION: Motor imagery 1 session per week for 12 weeks, with the duration of 20 minutes per session, has been shown to have an effect on neuroplasticity of chronic ischemic stroke patients, and on motor recovery of limbs in patient with first chronic ischemic stroke of 3 years onset.

Abstrak :
Olahraga aerobik terbukti mampu meningkatkan struktur dan fungsi kognitif. Data tentang jenis olahraga aerobik yang terbaik untuk menjaga keseimbangan oksidatif, serta memicu angiogenesis dan neuroplastisitas di berbagai regio otak masih terbatas. Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh olahraga aerobik halang rintang terhadap kadar neuroglobin otak, protein pemicu angiogenesis, neuroplastisitas di hipokampus dan korteks prefrontal, serta fungsi memori relasional. Mencit Mus musculus CBS-Swiss strain jantan berusia 10 bulan dilatih berlari di roda berjalan yang diberi halang rintang, berlari dengan kecepatan 10 m/menit, 30 menit/hari, 5 hari/minggu sambil melewati halang rintang untuk setiap 78 cm. Tiga jenis halang rintang diganti setiap 3 hari. Kelompok pembanding adalah mencit yang berlari dengan kecepatan dan waktu yang sama, namun tanpa halang rintang, serta kelompok kontrol yang tidak berolahraga. Kadar neuroglobin otak tidak berbeda bermakna pada tiga kelompok mencit. Latihan lari halang rintang memberikan efek lebih baik dibanding lari tanpa halang rintang pada kadar developmentally regulated brain protein-A (drebrin-A) di hipokampus. Kedua kelompok olahraga memiliki efek yang lebih baik dibanding kontrol pada ekspresi vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF), kadar drebrin-A, dan paired associative cognitive test. Olahraga aerobik kompleks memicu neuroplastisitas yang lebih baik dibanding aerobik sederhana di hipokampus. Kedua tipe olahraga aerobik mampu meningkatkan angiogenesis dan neuroplastisitas di otak, dan meningkatkan kemampuan memori relasional. Olahraga aerobik tidak meningkatkan kadar neuroglobin secara bermakna. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa intensitas olahraga aerobik memberikan efek hipoksia yang dapat ditoleransi oleh jaringan otak. ...... Aerobic exercise has been proven to improve of cognitive structure and function. Study about the type of aerobic exercise affects on angiogenesis, neuroplasticity and oxidative homeostasis in brain?s specific regions is still limited. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of hurdle aerobic exercise on brain neuroglobin level, angiogenesis and neuroplasticity proteins in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and relational memory among middle aged CBS-Swiss strain mice. Mice, age 10 months were subjected to hurdle running wheel for 8 weeks. They ran at speed of 10 m/min, 30 min/day, and 5 days/week with hurdles for every 78 cm. Three types of hurdles were changed for every 3 days. Another group of same age mice ran at same speed, time, and period, without hurdle as comparison, while other control group never exercises. The hurdle group exercise has significant higher level of developmentally regulated brain protein-A (drebrin- A) in hippocampus compared to non-hurdle group. Both of exercise groups have significant higher ability on paired associative cognitive test, and they have significant higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and higher level of drebrin-A compared to control. Neuroglobin level was not significant different among of all groups. More complex aerobic exercise has better effect on hippocampus neuroplasticity. Both of aerobic exercise has better effect on angiogenesis and neuroplasticity in the brain, and also on cognitive function. Aerobic exercise does not resulting high hypoxic stress and could be tolerated by brain.

Abstrak :
Norman Doidge shows how the amazing process of neuroplastic healing really works. He describes natural, non-invasive avenues into the brain provided by the forms of energy around us - light, sound, vibration, movement - which pass through our senses and our bodies to awaken the brain's own healing capacities without producing unpleasant side effects.

Abstrak :
Penurunan fungsi memori sudah dapat terjadi sejak usia dewasa muda dan dapat berkaitan dengan adanya penurunan plastisitas sinaps yang melibatkan beberapa protein sinaptik, diantaranya adalah reseptor ionotropik glutamat AMPAR-GluR1. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pencegahan agar tidak terjadi penurunan memori di usia lanjut dengan menggunakan tamanan herbal. Centella asiatica merupakan tanaman herbal yang mudah ditemukan di Indonesia dan sudah dikenal memiliki khasiat pada otak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek pemberian ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica terhadap fungsi memori dan ekspresi protein AMPAR-GluR1di jaringan hipokampus tikus. Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimental in-vivo menggunakan 18 tikus Wistar jantan usia 6 bulan yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 3 kelompok: 1 kelompok kontrol K 2 kelompok CA300 dan 3 kelompok CA600. Kelompok kontrol diberikan akuades, kelompok CA300 diberikan ekstrak etanol CeA dosis 300 mg/kgBB dan kelompok CA600 diberikan ekstrak etanol CeA dosis 600 mg/kgBB yang dilakukan selama 28 hari berturut-turut secara oral. Pengukuran fungsi memori menggunakan Y-Maze yang dilakukan sebelum, hari ke-14 dan setelah perlakuan. Ekspresi protein AMPAR-GluR1 di jaringan hipokampus dianalisis menggunakan teknik imunohistokimia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, pemberian ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica dosis 300 mg/kgBB dan 600 mg/kgBB dapat mempertahankan fungsi memori tikus Wistar jantan, sedangkan peningkatan ekspresi AMPAR-GluR1 terjadi pada pemberian ekstrak etanol Centella asiatica dosis 600 mg/kgBB.

---

Memory decline can be started at early adult and related to synaptic plasticity impairment which is involving some synaptic protein such as ionotropic glutamate receptor AMPA GluR1. Preventive treatment may be conducted to avoid memory decline such as consuming some foods or supplements that could enhance memory. Centella asiatica is an altenative herbs that already known good for brain and easily to find in Indonesia. This study is aimed to investigate effect CeA ethanol extract towards memory function and AMPAR GluR1 expression on CA1 hippocampus region in normal adult male Wistar rats. This study was an in vivo experimental study using eighteen male Wistar rats aged 6 months that were randomly divided into three groups control aquadest group and two groups treated with different doses mg kg of CeA 300 CeA300 and 600 CeA600 . Ethanol extract of CeA were administrated orally for 28 consecutive days with weekly weight adjusted. Memory performance was tested using Y Maze before, on 14th days of treatment and after treatment. AMPAR GluR1 protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry technique on CA1 region of hippocampus. Administration of CeA ethanol extract maintain spatial working memory function in the dosage of 300 mg kg and 600 mg kg and CeA 600 mg kg may be needed for maintaining AMPA GluR1 protein expression enhancement on CA1 hippocampus region.

Abstrak :

Anak usia remaja sangat rentan mengalami gangguan, diantaranya pola hidup yang tidak teratur, behavior, pertumbuhan fisik dan psikis. Peranan aktifitas fisik atau olahraga menjadi sarana untuk mencegah anak usia remaja dari pengaruh negatif. Akan tetapi aktivitas olahraga ini tidak dilakukan secara teratur dan durasinya sangat singkat baik dilingkungan sekolah maupun dilingkungan sekitarnya. Olahraga disekolah cenderung lebih singkat. Saat ini, banyak anak usia remaja melakukan kegiatan olahraga permainan Futsal. Olahraga futsal bermanfaat untuk meningkatkan kebugaran jasmani, neuroplastisitas. Akan tetapi olahraga futsal juga dapat memengaruhi terhadap stres fisik dan stres oksidatif. Desain pre-post test pada anak usia remaja 13-15 tahun. Subjek penelitian 27 orang (tidak biasa bermain futsal) dibagi secara acak kedalam 3 kelompok perlakuan, frekuensi olahraga (FO) 1x, 3x dan 5x perminggu. Tahap awal penelitian persiapan olahraga futsal dan pengambilan data parameter, tahap perlakuan olahraga futsal selama 8 minggu dan tahap terakhir pengambilan data paramater dilakukan 1 hari setelah perlakuan. Penelitian ini sudah lolos kaji etik dari Komisi Etik FKUI. Kebugaran jasmani ditemukan meningkat secara bermakna pada FO3 dan FO5. Atensi dan memori ditemukan peningkatan pada FO1, FO3 dan FO5. Peningkatan BDNF hanya ditemukan pada kelompok FO3. IGF-1 ditemukan meningkat secara bermakna pada kelompok FO1, FO3 dan FO5. Peningkatan kadar Kortisol dan MDA hanya ditemukan pada kelompok FO5. Hasil penelitian ditemukan olahraga yang optimal dan aman pada anak usia remaja yaitu frekuensi olahraga futsal 3 kali perminggu dibandingkan olahraga futsal 1 kali dan 5 kali terhadap kebugaran jasmani, neuroplastisitas, stres fisik dan stres oksidatif pada anak usia remaja.

---

Adolescents are susceptible to disorders, including unconventional lifestyle, behavior, physical and psychological growth. The role of physical activity or sports becomes a means to prevent adolescent children from negative influences. However, this sporting activity is not taken out regularly, and the duration is very short both in the school and the enclosing circumstances. Sports at school tend to be shorter. At present, many teenagers do Futsal sports. Futsal exercise is useful for improving physical fitness, neuroplasticity. However, futsal can also affect physical stress and oxidative stress-pre-post test design in adolescents aged 13-15 years. The research subjects were 27 people (unusual for playing futsal) divided randomly into three treatment groups, exercise frequency (FO) 1x, 3x, and 5x per week. The initial stage of the research is preparation for futsal and parameter data collection, the stage of treatment for futsal for eight weeks, and the last stage of data taking post parameters, one day after treatment. This research has passed the ethical review of the FKUI Ethics Commission. Physical fitness normally found to increase significantly at FO3 and FO5. Attention and memory are found to increase in FO1, FO3, and FO5. Surprisingly, BDNF was only detected in only the FO3 group. IGF-1 was found to increase significantly in the FO1, FO3, and FO5 groups. Increased levels of Cortisol and MDA was simply observed in the FO5 group. The results of the study found optimal and safe exercise in adolescents, namely the frequency of futsal exercise 3 times a week compared to futsal one times and five times for physical fitness, neuroplasticity, physical stress and oxidative stress in adolescents.

Abstrak :
Brain plasticity is the focus of a growing body of research with significant implications for neurorehabilitation. This state-of-the-art volume explores ways in which brain-injured individuals may be helped not only to compensate for their loss of cognitive abilities, but also possibly to restore those abilities. Expert contributors examine the extent to which damaged cortical regions can actually recover and resume previous functions, as well as how intact regions are recruited to take on tasks once mediated by the damaged region. Evidence-based rehabilitation approaches are reviewed for a range of impairments and clinical populations, including both children and adults.

Abstrak :
The focus of this volume is on critical epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling events that occur in the nervous system and on the presumed mechanisms that operate within neurons to translate them into long-lasting neuronal responses.Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the filed of epigenetics. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields and evidence connecting epigentic regulation to brain functions has been accumulationg. Neurons daily convert a variety of external stimuli into rapid or long-lasting changes in gene expression. A variety of studies have centered on the molcular mechanisms implicated in epigentic control and how these may operte in concert. It will be critical to unravel how specifity is achieved. The focus of this volume is on critical epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling events that occur in the nervous system and on the presumed mechanisms that operate within neurons to translate them into long-lasting neuronal responses.