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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Penanganan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) di Indonesia belum menunjukkan hasil yang baik. Saliva merupakan salah satu habitat bakteri. Oral Veillonella merupakan bakteri yang berhubungan dengan karies. Tujuan: Menganalisis keberadaan dan perbandingan kuantitas Oral Veillonella pada saliva anak usia 3-5 tahun dengan kategori risiko karies tinggi dan rendah. Metode: Kuantitas Oral Veillonella dari sampel saliva dikuantifikasi menggunakan Real-Time PCR. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (P<0,05) antara kuantitas Oral Veillonella pada saliva anak usia 3-5 tahun yang memiliki kategori risiko karies tinggi dan rendah. Kesimpulan:Kuantitas Oral Veillonella pada saliva anak usia 3-5 tahun dengan kategori risiko karies tinggi lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan risiko karies rendah.

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ABSTRACT
Background: ECC handling in Indonesia not yet gave the good of the result. Saliva is the one of the place that consist a bacteria. Oral Veillonella is the bacteria that corelate with caries. Aim: Analyzing the existence and comparison of Oral Veillonella quantity in children’s saliva aged 3-5 with high and low caries risk category. Method: Oral Veillonella quantity from the saliva sample quantified using Real-Time PCR. Result: There is a main differences between Oral Veillonella quantity in children’s saliva aged 3-5 whom had a high and low caries risk category. Conclusion: Quantity of Oral Veillonella in children’s saliva aged 3-5 whom had high caries risk is higher than low caries risk category

Abstrak :
[Peridontitis kronis adalah salah satu penyakit gigi dan mulut dengan prevalensi terbesar di Indonesia . Bakteri utama penyebab periodontitis kronis adalah bakteri black pigmented, yaitu Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Prevotella intermedia. Binahong telah terbukti secara ilmiah memiliki zat antibakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efek antibakteri infusum daun binahong terhadap bakteri black pigmented. Konsentrasi infusum yang diuji 100%, 95%, 80%, 65%, dan 50%. Uji difusi cakram kertas dilakukan untuk mengetahui zona hambatan menggunakan media agar brucella Dari uji difusi pada media agar brucella didapatkan nilai zona hambatan sebesar : 0,42 mm (50%), 1,21 mm (65%), 1,18 mm (80%), 1,19 mm (95%) dan 1,36 (100%). Infusum daun binahong memiliki daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri black pigmented., Chronic Periodontitis is one of the oral disease with highest prevalence in Indonesia. The major periodonthopathogens bacteria in chronic periodontics is black pigmented bacteria, which consist of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. Binahong has been proved scientifically to have antimicrobial substance. This study is aimed to prove that ninahong leaves infusion is effective as an antibacterial agent against black pigmented bacteria in vitro. The concentration of infusion that were used in this test were 100%, 95%, 80%, 65% and 50%. Blank disc diffusion method was performed to measure zone of inhibition in brucella agar. From the diffusion test on brucella agar, the scores of inhibitory zones are : 0,42 mm (50%), 1,21 mm (65%), 1,18 mm (80%), 1,19 mm (95%) dan 1,36 (100%). It is concluded that binahong leaves infusion have inhibition effect on the growth of black pigmented bacteria.]

Abstrak :
Topically applied products and medications can profoundly affect skin's barrier function and overall health. Bursting with suggestions to assist research and development, Innate Immune System of Skin and Oral Mucosa: Properties and Impact in Pharmaceutics, Cosmetics, and Personal Care Products provides a comprehensive overview on the innate immune system and its relevance to pharmaceutics, cosmetic chemistry, and personal care products. The book allows pharmaceutical and medical professionals to assess accumulated knowledge and develop an understanding that will pave the way for next generation treatment avenues, preventative approaches, and drug development. Part I of this book presents an overview emphasizing mechanisms for control of bacteria at the skin surface. This includes historical and ethical aspects of skin cleaning products.Part II of the book includes chapters discussing antimicrobial peptides and lipids in innate immunity of skin and mucosa. Part III deals with cellular components of innate immunity and the link between innate and adaptive immunity. Part IV deals with stressors that can influence innate immunity. These include radiation and oxidative stress, cosmetic formulations, and aging. Finally, microbial challenges are discussed in Part V.