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Abstrak :
Preserved Smith (1880–1941), a professor in the history department of Cornell University, owed his unusual first name to Puritan ancestors who could be traced back to the seventeenth century. His great interest was in the Protestant reformation, and its wide-ranging political and cultural effects in Europe and America. An obituary remarks that his writings 'reveal a remarkable breadth of knowledge and interest and a consistent devotion to high standards of scholarly integrity'. This two-volume work of 1930–4, discussing 'modern culture' from 1543 to 1776, displays these qualities in abundance. Volume 2 deals with the Enlightenment from 1687 to 1776, and, like Volume 1, starts by considering the role of science as the driver of rapidly evolving cultural, social and political change. The work is a remarkable and readable overview of the emergence of modern society.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini membahas pandangan Seyyed Hossein Nasr dan Fritjof Capra yang mengkritik sains modern danmemberikan pandangan baru dalam sains. Penulis juga melakukan kritik terhadap pandangan kedua tokohtersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik dokumenter. Kemudian penulis memaparkan dan menganalisapokok-pokok pemikiran dan kritik Seyyed Hossein Nasr dan Fritjof Capra dari data tersebut menggunakanmetode deskriptif analisis. Kemudian penulis menganalisis menggunakan teori hubungan agama dan sains IanBarbour. Seyyed Hossein Nasr dalam tradisonalismenya berusaha mengintegrasikan agama dan sains.Sedangkan Fritjof Capra berusaha melakukan independensi lalu menuju dialog antara agama dan sains. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Seyyed Hossein Nasr dan Fritjof Capra mengkritik empat hal dalam sainsmodern yaitu, eksistensi tuhan, alam semesta, evolusi dan ekologi. Penulis juga mengkritisi pendapat dari seyyedHossein Nasr dan Fritjof Capra terhadap empat hal tersebut. Dari kritik tersebut diharapkan mampu membangunsains yang tidak hanya memperhatikan aspek tekonologi saja namun meliputi aspek teologi, psikologi sosiologidan ekologi. ...... The focus of this research are Seyyed Hossein Nasr's and Fritjof Capra's views which criticize modern scienceand reveal the new perspective in science. The writer also criticizes on the views of both Seyyed Hossein Nasrand Fritjof Capra. This research utilizes documentary technique. Afterwards, the writer tries to describe and thenanalyses the main points and critics of Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Fritjof Capra from the data applying thedescriptive analysis method. Afterwards, the writer analyzes them using Ian Barbour's theory of religion andscience's relation. Seyyed Hossein Nasr in his traditionalism tries to integrate religion and science. Meanwhile,Fritjof Capra attempts to make independence between religion and science and continue it into dialogue betweenboth of them. This research concludes that Seyyed Hossein Nasr and Fritjof Capra criticize four points in modernscience which are god's existence, the universe, evolution and ecology. The writer also criticizes Seyyed HosseinNasr's and Fritjof Capra's opinion. From these critics, it is hoped that those critics could build the science whichdoes not only focus on technological aspect, but also theological, psychological, sociological and ecologicalaspects.

Abstrak :
Preserved Smith (1880–1941), a professor in the history department of Cornell University, owed his unusual first name to Puritan ancestors who could be traced back to the seventeenth century. His great interest was in the Protestant reformation, and its wide-ranging political and cultural effects in Europe and America. An obituary remarks that his writings 'reveal a remarkable breadth of knowledge and interest and a consistent devotion to high standards of scholarly integrity'. This two-volume work of 1930–4, discussing 'modern culture' from 1543 to 1776, displays these qualities in abundance. Volume 2 deals with the Enlightenment from 1687 to 1776, and, like Volume 1, starts by considering the role of science as the driver of rapidly evolving cultural, social and political change. The work is a remarkable and readable overview of the emergence of modern society.

Abstrak :
Kondisi alami manusia secara Naturalistik menunjukan adanya satu mekanisme tertentu yang berbeda-beda. Hal ini berpengaruh pada potensi, preferensi dan sikap dari manusia itu sendiri. Perbedaan yang sifatnya lami tertenam dalam diri manusia ini tidak bisa dihiraukan begitu saja. Terlebih jika menyangkut hal aktivitas dari manusia itu sendiri. Dalam pendidikan, praktek yang berpotensi atau bahkan menyeragamkan manusia tidak bisa dilakukan. Karena pendidikan harus membuka ruang lebar pada kebebasan manusia agar bisa tumbuh sesuai dengan mekanisme yang membentuk dirinya.

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The Human Nature in Naturalistic view shows that every single man has his structure mechanism; it was different in each people. It leads to different potency, preference, and the behavior of the man. The differences was natural innate to human and can not be ignored, especially if it is related to the human activity. In the term of Education, the practice of education which potentially does the same thing without seeing the natural condition of human can not be done. Because, education must give the place of freedom for its participant so that they can be growth as its mechanism.