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"Generalized (or pseudo-) inverse concepts routinely appear throughout applied mathematics and engineering, in both research literature and textbooks. Although the basic properties are readily available, some of the more subtle aspects and difficult details of the subject are not well documented or understood. This book is an excellent reference for researchers and students who need or want more than just the most basic elements. First published in 1979, the book remains up-to-date and readable, and it includes chapters on Markov Chains and the Drazin inverse methods that have become significant to many problems in applied mathematics."

"Matriks anti ketetanggaan merupakan salah satu matriks representasi dari suatu graf berarah, tetapi sifat-sifatnya masih belum banyak diketahui karena masih baru diperkenalkan. Sehingga, pada penelitian ini dibahas sifat-sifat dari matriks anti ketetanggaan suatu graf berarah dan graf garis berarahnya. Sifat-sifat yang dibahas yaitu hasil representasi dari perpangkatan matriks anti ketetanggaan suatu graf berarah yang mungkin mempunyai digon atau gelang berarah, determinan dan polinomial karakteristik dari matriks anti ketetanggaan suatu graf berarah yang mempunyai digon berarah, dan hubungan polinomial karakteristik matriks anti ketetanggaan suatu graf berarah asiklik sederhana dan graf garis berarahnya. Kemudian, pada penelitian ini ditunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara suatu graf berarah selain asiklik dan graf garis berarahnya dengan memberikan counterexample-nya.

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Antiadjacency matrix is one of the representation matrices of a directed graph, but its properties are still not widely known because it has just been introduced. Thus, in this study, we discuss the properties of the antiadjaceny matrix of a digraph and its line digraph. The properties discussed are the results of the representation of powering the antiadjaceny matrix of a digraph which may have directed digon(s) or loop(s), the determinant and characteristic polynomial of an anti-adjacent matrix of a digraph that has directed digon(s), and the characteristic polynomial relationship of the antiadjaceny matrix of a simple acyclic digraph. and the line digraph. Then, in this study, it was shown that there is no relationship between a directed graph other than acyclic and a directed line graph by providing its counterexample."

"Tensor yang dipandang sebagai multidimensional array adalah bentuk umum dari suatu matriks. Oleh karena itu, dapat dikonstruksi bentuk umum dari hasil kali matriks yang disebut sebagai hasil kali tensor. Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah menjelaskan inversi kiri dan inversi kanan suatu tensor. Pada tulisan ini disajikan karakteristik eksistensi inversi kiri dan inversi kanan orde k dari suatu tensor. Disajikan pula hasil terkait keserupaan suatu tensor.

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Tensor, which is seemed as multidimensional array, is a general form of matrix. Therefore, tensor could be constructed into general form of matrix product which is called tensor product. The aim of this writing was to explain the right and left inversion of tensor. In this research, there were characteristics of right and left extension of orde k of tensor provided, in addition, there was also a result involved of the tensor similarity."