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Abstrak :
Infertilitas pria paling banyak disebabkan oleh gangguan proses spermatogenesis. Androgen merupakan hormon yang sangat penting pada proses spermatogenesis. Aksi biologis hormon androgen terjadi melalui interaksi dengan reseptor androgen (RA) yang merupakan protein regulator transkripsi di dalam nukleus. Ekson 1 gen RA mengandung pengulangan trinukleotida CAG yang bersifat polimorfik. Polimorfisme pengulangan trinukleotida CAG ini diduga mempengaruhi aktivitas reseptor androgen. Penelitian meliputi isolasi DNA dari darah tepi dan amplifikasi fragmen pengulangan trinukleotida CAG gen RA dengan teknik PCR. Penentuan panjang pengulangan CAG gen RA dilakukan dengan elektroforesis pada gel poliakrilamid 6% yang mengandung zat pendenaturasi. Dari penelitian ini didapatkan perbedaan jumlah pengulangan CAG gen reseptor androgen antara pria oligozoospermia/azoospermia (24,3 ± 3,4) dan pria normozoospermia (22,7 ± 2,7). Berdasarkan uji t untuk sampel tidak berpasangan, perbedaan jumlah pengulangan CAG pada gen reseptor androgen antara kedua kelompok tersebut bermakna secara statistik (p = 0,031). Namun tidak ditemukan hubungan antara jumlah pengulangan CAG gen RA dengan konsentrasi sperma (rs = - 0,038; p = 0,775). Ini menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah pengulangan CAG gen RA bukan merupakan penyebab utama gangguan spermatogenesis. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 215-20)

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Spermatogenesis impairment is the main cause of infertility in men. Androgen is believed to play a critical role in regulating spermatogenesis. Androgen acts by binding to the androgen receptor (AR) which is a protein regulator of DNA transcription. Exon 1 of AR gene contains a CAG repeat length polymorphism and it is believed to interfere AR function. This study includes DNA isolation from peripheral blood and amplification of CAG repeat fragments by PCR method. CAG repeat lengths were determined by electrophoresis on 6% denaturing gel polyacrylamide. We found that the mean CAG repeat lengths were 24,3 ± 3,4 in oligozoospermic/azoospermic men and 22,7 ± 2,7 in normozoospermic men. The difference in CAG repeat length between the two groups was statistically significant (p = 0,031, t-test). Nevertheless, there was no correlation between CAG repeat lengths and sperms concentration (rs = -0,038; p = 0,775). This result suggest that the expansion of CAG repeat length was not the main cause of spermatogenesis impairment. (Med J Indones 2004; 13: 215-20)

Abstrak :
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Abstrak :
Most of male infertility are caused by defect in sperm motility (asthenozoospermia). The molecular mechanism of low sperm motility in asthenozoospermic patients has not been fully understood. Sperm motility is strongly related to the axoneme structure which is composed of microtubules and supported by outer dense fiber (ODF) and fibrous sheath (FS) protein. The objective of this study was to characterize the ODF (ODF1 and ODF2) expression in asthenozoospermic infertile male and control normozoospermic fertile male. Asthenozoospermic samples (n=18) were collected from infertile patients at andrology lab, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta and control were taken from normozoospermic fertile donor (n=18). After motility analyses by computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA), semen were divided into two parts, for Western blot and for immunocytochemistry analysis. Antibody against ODF1 and ODF2 protein were used in both analyses. Analysis of ODF1 protein expression showed bands with molecular weight of -30 kDa and ODF2 -85 kDa. The mean band intensity of ODF1 and ODF2 protein were lower in the asthenozoospermic group (AG) compared to normozoospermic group (NG). Moreover, both ODF proteins were less intense and less localized in the AG than NG. Sperm motility was lower in AG, compared to control NG, i.e.average path velocity (VAP) = 32.07 +-7.03 vs 37.58 +-8.73=0.455; straight line velocity (VCL) = 45.68+-7.91 vs 55.55 +-16.40 p=0.099. There is down-regulation of ODF1 and ODF2 protein expression and less-compact localization in AG sperm compared to the NG. These changes might have caused disturbances in the sperm motility as observed in this study.