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"Seiring bertambahnya jumlah kendaraan bermotor, emisi karbon dari sektor transportasi meningkat. Salah satu solusi untuk mengurasi emisi karbon dan menghemat bahan bakar adalah menggunakan material ringan seperti paduan magnesium AZ31B, yang memiliki rasio kekuatan terhadap berat lebih baik dibandingkan aluminium dan baja. Namun, pada suhu ruang, AZ31B memiliki keterbatasan bentuk akibat struktur kristalnya yang berbentuk HCP. Untuk meningkatkan sifat mampu bentuk dan memperbaiki sifat mekanis dapat dilakukan dengan proses annealing. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi efek annealing pada lembaran AZ31B yang mengalami pencanaian dingin dengan deformasi 18%. Ukuran butir pada sampel awal didapatkan nilai sebesar 11.59 μm. Annealing pada 350°C selama 30–90 menit meningkatkan ukuran butir dari 9.31 μm menjadi 16.69 μm, menurunkan kekerasan dari 74.89 HV menjadi 47.89 HV, sesuai dengan persamaan Hall-Petch (HV = 205.57 × 1/√d - 2.419). Tegangan luluh turun dari 205.66 MPa menjadi 175.33 MPa, sementara elongasi meningkat dari 27% menjadi 30%. Selain itu, strain hardening exponent (n-value) naik dari 0.25 menjadi 0.283, menunjukkan peningkatan keuletan dan kemampuan deformasi plastis material.

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As the number of motor vehicles increases, carbon emissions from the transportation sector continue to rise. One solution to reduce emissions and energy consumption is to use lightweight materials such as magnesium alloy AZ31B, which offers a better strength-to-weight ratio compared to aluminum and steel. However, at room temperature, AZ31B has limitations in formability due to its hexagonal close-packed (HCP) crystal structure. To improve formability and enhance mechanical properties, an annealing process can also be applied. This study evaluates the effects of annealing on AZ31B sheets subjected to cold rolling with 18% deformation. The grain size in the initial sample was measured to be 11.59 μm. Annealing at 350°C for 30–90 minutes increases the grain size from 9.31 μm to 16.69 μm, reducing hardness from 74.89 HV to 47.89 HV, following the Hall-Petch equation (HV = 205.57 × 1/√d - 2.419). Yield strength decreases from 205.66 MPa to 175.33 MPa, while elongation increases from 27% to 30%. Additionally, the strain hardening exponent (n-value) rises from 0.25 to 0.283, indicating improved ductility and plastic deformation capability."

"Magnesium and magnesium alloys offer a wealth of valuable properties, making them of great interest for use across a wide range of fields. This has led to extensive research focused on understanding the properties of magnesium and how these can be controlled during processing. Fundamentals of magnesium alloy metallurgy presents an authoritative overview of all aspects of magnesium alloy metallurgy, including physical metallurgy, deformation, corrosion and applications.Beginning with an introduction to the primary production of magnesium, the book goes on to discuss physical metallurgy of magnesium and thermodynamic properties of magnesium alloys. Further chapters focus on understanding precipitation processes of magnesium alloys, alloying behaviour of magnesium, and alloy design. The formation, corrosion and surface finishing of magnesium and its alloys are reviewed, before Fundamentals of magnesium alloy metallurgy concludes by exploring applications across a range of fields. Aerospace, automotive and other structural applications of magnesium are considered, followed by magnesium-based metal matrix composites and the use of magnesium in medical applications.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Fundamentals of magnesium alloy metallurgy is a comprehensive tool for all those involved in the production and application of magnesium and its alloys, including manufacturers, welders, heat-treatment and coating companies, engineers, metallurgists, researchers, designers and scientists working with these important materials."