Tesis ini mengkaji mengenai aturan terkait perlindungan hukum kegiatan penggalangan dana yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan platform Donation based Crowdfunding. Kegiatan penggalangan dana pada dasarnya diatur pada Undang-Undang No. 9 Tahun 1961 dan PP No. 29 Tahun 1980 namun aturan ini belum mengenal penggalangan dana dengan menggunakan pihak ketiga seperti platform donation based crowdfunding. Permasalahan yang dikaji dalam tesis ini meliputi analisis bentuk badan usaha yang dapat digunakan oleh situs pengelola donation based crowdfunding sehingga mempunyai legal standing di Indonesia, bentuk perlindungan dan pengawasan terkait risiko dan juga perbandingan aturan dan perlindungan hukum donation based crowdfunding di Amerika, Uni Eropa dan India. Tesis ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penulisan hukum normative yang bertujuan untuk meneliti kepastian hukum berdasarkan studi kepustakaan dan hukum positif yang ada. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang disertai dengan studi kepustakaan untuk mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih komprehensif. Jenis data yang diperlukan dalam tesis ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui studi kepustakaan, seperti peraturan perundang-undangan, dokumen-dokumen resmi, literature, dan buku-buku yang relevan dengan Donation Based Crowdfunding.
This thesis examines the rules regarding law enforcement of fundraising activities carried out using the donation based crowdfunding platform. Fundraising activities are basically governed by Law No.9 of 1961 and PP No. 29 of 1980, however these rules does not recognize fundraising using third parties such as donation based crowdfunding platforms. The problem examined in this thesis include the analysis of business entity forms that can be used by donation based crowdfunding management sites so that they have legal standing in Indonesia, in terms of risk protection and supervision and also comparison of donation based crowdfunding legal protection and rules in United States, European Union and India. This thesis is compiled using normative legal writing method which aims to examine legal certainty based on existing literature studies and positive laws. This study uses a legal approach accompanied by literature studies to get a more comprehensive understanding. The types of data needed in this thesis are secondary data obtained through library studies, such as legislation, official documents, literature, and books that are relevant to Donation Based Crowdfunding.
Anak merupakan harapan dan apabila sampai saatnya, seorang anak akan menggantikan generasi tua dalam melanjutkan roda kehidupan negara, dengan demikian, anak perlu dibina agar mereka tidak salah dalam hidupnya kelak. Setiap anak berhak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hukum dari segala bentuk kekerasan fisik atau mental, penelantaran, perlakuan buruk, dan pelecehan seksual selama dalam pengasuhan orang tua atau walinya, atau pihak lain manapun yang bertanggung jawab atas pengasuhan anak tersebut. Namun kenyataannya tidaklah demikian, anak sebagai korban perlakukan kekerasan sering terabaikan oleh lembaga-lembaga kompeten dalam sistem peradilan pidana, yang seharusnya memberikan perhatian dan perlindungan yang cukup berdasarkan hukum. Hal tersebut tidak seharusnya terjadi, sebab sebagaimanapun korban tetap mempunyai hak untuk diperlakukan adil, dan dilindungi hak-haknya.
Untuk mewujudkan perlindungan dan kesejahteraan anak tersebut, maka Majelis Umum Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa pada tanggal 20 November 1958 secara aklamasi mensahkan "Declaration of the Right of the Child". Preamble Declaration of the Right of the Child (Mukadimah Deklarasi Hak Anak-Anak) dalam alinea ke 3. Konvensi Hak-Hak Anak Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child) tersebut adalah sebuah konvensi internasional yang mengatur hak-hak sipil, politik, ekonomi, sosial, dan kultural anak-anak. Di dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia tujuan perlindungan anak telah diatur dalam Pasal 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak. ...... Human rights are the fundamental rights that are possessed and inherent in each human individual in a Contracting State. In LAW No. 39 year 1999 on Human rights, mentioned that human rights is a set of rights inherent to the nature and existence of man as a God almighty being and is his grace which must be respected, held and protected by the state, law, government, and everyone for the dignity and protection of human dignity.
The child is a hope and when it comes to the time, a child will replace the old generation in furthering the wheels of the country's life, thus, the child needs to be built so that they are not wrong in their lifetime. Each child has the right to obtain legal protection from any form of physical or mental violence, abandonment, bad treatment, and sexual harassment during the care of their parents or guardian, or any other party responsible for Care of the child. But the truth is not the case, the child as a victim of violent abuse is often overlooked by competent institutions in the criminal justice system, which should provide adequate attention and protection based on the law. It is not supposed to happen, because the victim still has the right to be treated fairly, and protected by his rights.
To realize the protection and welfare of the child, the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 November 1958 is acclamation to confirm the Declaration of the Right of the Child. Preamble Declaration of the Right of the Child, in paragraph 3. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, is an international convention governing the Civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights of children and the children. In the Indonesian legislation of the child protection purpose is governed by article 3 of the Law No. 23 of 2002 on child protection.