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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas mengenai munculnya inisiatif Raja Chulalongkorn untuk membentuk nasionalisme yang dianggap lebih modern di Thailand, yang disebut dengan Thaification. Thaification sendiri lahir sebagai sebutan dari beberapa kebijakan yang bertujuan untuk menciptakan kesatuan identitas politik berbagai orang yang tinggal di seluruh wilayah Thailand. Nilai-nilai Thaification dari Raja Chulalongkorn tersebut ternyata diteruskan pada rezim Perdana Menteri Phibunsongkhram dengan mengeluarkan kumpulan kebijakan dengan sebutan Ratthaniyom. Penulis memfokuskan bahasannya kepada poin ke-9 dalam Ratthaniyom yang berisikan peraturan mengenai bahasa dan abjad Thai, serta tugas warga negara yang baik. Bahasa yang digunakan sebagai institusi memiliki peran besar dalam penerapan nilai-nilai nasionalisme Thailand tersebut. Pelarangan penggunaan bahasa selain bahasa Thai, dan kewajiban menggunakan bahasa Thai di lingkungan masyarakat tersebut menimbulkan berbagai resistensi terutama dari masyarakat minoritas Muslim Melayu di Pattani. Berbagai resistensi itulah yang kemudian dianalisis oleh penulis berimplikasi pada perkembangan identitas di konflik Pattani. Analisis yang dilakukan penulis menggunakan beberapa konsep seperti pembangunan identitas dari Manuel Castells, dan konsep hak kelompok minoritas dari Will Kymlicka.

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ABSTRACT
This study discusses the initiative of King Chulalongkorn to form a more modernized nationalism in Thailand, called Thaification. Thaification itself was born as a collection of several policies aimed at creating a unified political identity of the various people who live throughout the territory of Thailand. The values of King Chulalongkorn's Thaification were apparently passed on to Prime Minister Phibunsongkhram regime by issuing a policy group called Ratthaniyom. The author focuses his discussion on the 9th point in Ratthaniyom which contains Thai language and alphabet regulation, as well as good citizen duties. The language used as an institution has an important role in applying the values of Thai nationalism. The prohibition of the use of languages other than Thai, and the obligation to use the Thai language within the community led to various resistance especially from the Malay Muslim minority community in Pattani. Various resistances are analyzed by the authors has implications for the development of identity in the Pattani conflict. The analysis by the authors uses several concepts such as the identity building from Manuel Castells, and the concept of minority group rights from Will Kymlicka.

Abstrak :
The language we use forms an important part of our sense of who we are, of our identity. This book outlines the relationship between our identity as members of groups, ethnic, national, religious and gender, and the language varieties important to each group. What is a language? What is a dialect? Are there such things as language ‘rights’? Must every national group have its own unique language? How have languages, large and small, been used to spread religious ideas? Why have particular religious and linguistic ‘markers’ been so central, singly or in combination, to the ways in which we think about ourselves and others? Using a rich variety of examples, the book highlights the linkages among languages, dialects and identities, with special attention given to religious, ethnic and national allegiances.

Abstrak :
Sejak tahun 2014 hingga 2018, masyarakat Groningen menggencarkan aksi protes yang ditujukan kepada pemerintah Belanda dan NAM, terkait gempa bumi yang sering terjadi di Groningen. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini membahas jenis, fungsi dan makna gaya bahasa yang terkandung pada 24 kalimat protes tersebut. Sumber korpus yang dipergunakan berasal dari hasil pencarian internet yang berkaitan dengan gempa bumi Groningen. Hasil analisis penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya 19 jenis gaya bahasa yang digunakan. Fungsi gaya bahasa pada kalimat-kalimat protes tersebut berguna untuk memberikan penekanan gagasan pada kalimat, mengganti penggunaan kata-kata yang lebih kasar menjadi halus, mendorong masyarakat untuk ikut berpikir, memberikan nilai estetika pada kalimat, membuat kalimat menjadi lebih jenaka dan ringan, memberikan penjelasan tambahan, menyampaikan kritik terhadap pemerintah dan NAM, dan untuk membenarkan situasi di Groningen terkait gempa. Makna konotatif dari kalimat-kalimat protes tersebut adalah: Masyarakat Groningen bersikeras agar ekstrasi gas dihentikan dan mendesak pemerintah serta NAM untuk bertanggung jawab atas gempa bumi Groningen. ...... Since 2014 until 2018, the residents of Groningen have intensified their protest on the earthquake issues in Groningen, addressed to the Dutch government and the NAM. This qualitative descriptive research discusses figures of speech, functions, and meanings found in these 24 sentences on demonstration banners. The source of the corpus was taken from the internet search results, related to the Groningen earthquakes. The result of this research indicates that there are 19 figures of speech. The functions of the figures of speech are: to emphasize the ideas of the sentences, to replace harsh words into pleasant or polite words, to encourage people to think, to give the aesthetic value of the sentence, to make the sentence more humorous, to provide additional explanations, to criticize the Government and the NAM, and to justify the situation in Groningen related to the earthquake. The connotative meaning of these protest sentences are namely: ­The residents of Groningen insist the gas extraction to be stopped and that the Dutch government and the NAM to be responsible for Groningen earthquake.