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Abstrak :
Pada tanggal 11 Maret 2011, Jepang dilanda bencana alam gempa bumi dan tsunami, yang kemudian diikuti dengan insiden kebocoran pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir di Fukushima. Rentetan bencana itu selanjutnya memberikan pengaruh dalam tiap aspek kehidupan masyarakat Jepang, termasuk juga di dalamnya adalah aspek sastra. Penulis-penulis Jepang mengekspresikan tanggapan mereka atas peristiwa bencana tersebut dengan berbagai macam cara. Umumnya karya-karya mereka menitikberatkan pada trauma korban dan kondisi sosial pasca bencana, khususnya kondisi yang berhubungan dengan peristiwa kebocoran PLTN (Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Nuklir) di Fukushima. Penulis tertarik untuk mengkaji tanggapan-tanggapan yang diberikan oleh para penulis Jepang terkait dengan bencana Higashi Nihon Daishinsai tersebut. Beberapa tanggapan tersebut dituangkan dalam bentuk cerita pendek yang secara tidak langsung merefleksikan isi hati para penulis sebagai bagian dari masyarakat Jepang. Kumpulan cerita pendek tersebut diterbitkan dalam satu buku yang berjudul 「それでも三月は、また」(Soredemo sangatsu wa, mata). Tiga belas dari lima belas cerita pendek yang ada di dalamnya, yaitu #12300;不死の島」(Fushi no Shima) karya Tawada Yoko,「おまじ ない」(Omajinai) karya Shigematsu Kiyoshi, ｢夜泣き帽子｣(Yonaki boushi) karya Ogawa Yoko, ｢神様２０１１｣(Kamisama 2011) karya Kawakami Hiromi, ｢三月の 毛糸｣(Sangatsu no Keito) karya Kawakami Mieko, 「ルル」(Lulu) karya Ishii Shinji, ｢美しい祖母の聖書｣(Utsukushii Sobo no Seisho) karya Ikezawa Natsuki, ｢ピース｣ (Piisu) karya Kakuta Mitsuyo,「十六年後に泊まる」(Jyuuroku Nen go ni Tomaru) karya Furukawa Hideo,｢日和山｣(Hiyoriyama) karya Saeki Kazumi , ｢ユーカリの小 さな葉｣(Yuukari no Chiisana Ha) karya Murakami Ryu, dan 「惨事のあと、惨事の まえ」(Sanji no Ato, Sanji no Mae) karya David Peace. Kesamaan yang terdapat dalam cerita-cerita pendek tersebut adalah adanya deskripsi mengenai kondisi sosial dan trauma pasca Higashi Nihon Daishinsai. Penulis berencana untuk menganalisis kondisi sosial dan trauma pasca bencana dalam cerita-cerita pendek tersebut, dan menghubungkannya dengan kondisi masyarakat yang sesungguhnya. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, dan pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan sosiologis yang berangkat dari keyakinan bahwa sastra adalah cerminan dari kondisi masyarakat;

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On March 11 2011, Japan has experienced a strong earthquake and tsunami which was followed by a nuclear meltdown in Fukushima. Those disasters gave an impact to every aspect of Japanese life, including literature aspect. The Japanese writers expressed their thoughts about the disaster in certain ways. Their works are often emphasized on victim?s trauma and social condition after disaster, particularly the condition which is related to the meltdown of nuclear power plants in Fukushima. I am interested in reviewing the writer?s thought regarding Higashi Nihon Daishinsai?s disaster. Some of the thoughts were written in the form of short stories which reflected the writers thought as a member of Japanese society. Those short stories were published in a collection titled 「それでも三月は、また」(Soredemo sangatsuwa, mata). Thirteen of fifteen short stories inside are:「不死の島」(Fushi no Shima) written by Tawada Yoko,「おまじない」(Omajinai) written by Shigematsu Kiyoshi, ｢夜泣き帽子｣(Yonaki boushi) written by Ogawa Yoko, ｢神様２０１１｣(Kamisama 2011) written by Kawakami Hiromi, ｢三月の毛糸｣(Sangatsu no Keito) written by Kawakami Mieko, 「ルル」(Lulu) written by Ishii Shinji, ｢美しい祖母の聖書｣ (Utsukushii Sobo no Seisho) written by Ikezawa Natsuki, ｢ピース｣(Piisu) written by Kakuta Mitsuyo,「十六年後に泊まる」(Jyuuroku Nen go ni Tomaru) written by Furukawa Hideo,｢日和山｣(Hiyoriyama) written by Saeki Kazumi , ｢ユーカリの小さ な葉｣(Yuukari no Chiisana Ha) written by Murakami Ryu, and 「惨事のあと、惨事 のまえ」(Sanji no Ato, Sanji no Mae) written by David Peace. The resemblance between those short stories is a presence of a description about social condition and trauma after Higashi Nihon Daishinsai. I intended to analyze the social condition and trauma inside those short stories and relate it to the real condition inside Japanese society. This research is a qualitative research with a sociological approach with a belief that literature is a reflection of society?s condition.

Abstrak :
ENGO Jepang memiliki sejumlah karakteristik yang berpotensi menawarkan pendekatan environmentalism alternatif melalui koalisi NGO untuk memenuhi kebutuhan instansi terkait. Secara umum ENGO memiliki prospek sebagai aktor transnasional dalam meningkatkan kesadaran publik tentang isu-isu lingkungan lokal dan global serta bergantung pada berbagai cara untuk mencapai tujuan mereka seperti pengadaan dan mengelola lahan yang terancam punah, melakukan penelitian lapangan, melobi lembaga pemerintah, dan melaksanakan kampanye informasi untuk meningkatkan kesadaran masyarakat. JEEF (Japan Environmental Education Forum) sebagai salah satu ENGO Jepang dibentuk secara resmi pada tahun 1992 oleh beberapa akademisi. JEEF berfokus pada pendidikan lingkungan dengan menggunakan isu-isu lingkungan negara-negara berkembang terutama Asia Tenggara. JEEF yang merupakan transformasi forum lingkungan ke ENGO telah memberikan perhatian mengenai masalah-masalah lingkungan seperti pemanasan global, penggundulan hutan, dan sanitasi. Penelitian ini membahas kerangka implementasi JEEF dalam menjembatani kepentingan negara-negara berkembang dan melayani seluruh lapisan masyarakat melalui kemitraan dengan ENGO lokal. Praktek JEEF dalam merespon masalah lingkungan global memperlihatkan pertukaran dialog dan koordinasi antar lembaga agar bantuan kemanusiaan tepat guna dan tepat sasaran. ...... Japanese ENGOs possess a number of characteristics that potentially offer an environmentalism alternative approach to NGOs coalition for addressing relevant agencies needs. ENGOs generally have prospects in order to expand as increasing public awareness of domestic or global interconnected issues of the environment and rely on a variety of means to accomplish their goals include acquiring and managing endangered land, performing field research, lobbying government institution, and performing information campaigns to raise public awareness. JEEF (Japan Environmental Education Forum) as one of the japanese ENGOs officially created in 1992 by a team of academicians. JEEF focuses on environmental education using environmental issues of emerging countries primarily in Southeast Asia. Environmetal issues including global warming, deforestation, and sanitation has been concerned by JEEF as a transformation of environmental forum into an ENGO. This research discusses the framework of JEEF implementation in bridging the interests of less developed countries and serving all sectors of society to partner with Southeast Asia indigenous ENGOs. JEEF praxis in responding to environmental global issues has established coordination and the exchanging dialogue and inter-agency coordination in order to appropriate and well-targeted humanitarian assistance.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Tesis ini membahas mengenai Peran Japanese Consumer Cooperative Union (JCCU) dalam melindungi konsumen dan bahaya keamanan pangan di Jepang Consumer group dan Japanese consumer Cooperative merupakan pelopor dan gerakan keamanan pangan dan produk orgarnk di Jepang Hal mi disebabkan maraknya penggunaan bahan bahan kimia pertarnan dan tambahan bahan makanan seperti pemanis pengawet dan sebagainya Pengggunaan bahan bahan kimia pertanian dan tambahan pangan sebagai akibat dan pertumbuhan ekonomi Jepang pasca Perang Dunia II Jenis penehtian im adalah penehtian kuahtatif dengan menggunakan metode anahsis desknptif Data yang digunakan mehputi data primer melalui wawancara (e-mail) dengan pihak JCCU dan sekunder yang diperoleh dan buku jurnal artikel newsletter dan website yang berkaitan dengan penehtian mi Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran JCCU dalam keamanan pangan di Jepang yaitu menyediakan produk pangan yang aman dikonsumsi melalui sistem sanchoku dan pemenksaan laboratonum keamanan pangan membenkan informasi seputar keamanan pangan, berkontribusi pada peraturan pernenntah Jepang terkait keamanan pangan serta ikut berperan dalam menangarn kasus kasus keamanan pangan di Jepang.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis discussed about the role of Japanese Consumer Cooperative Union (JCCU) that protect consumers from food safety hazards in Japan Consumer group and Japanese consumer cooperative were the pioneer in organic product and food safety movement in Japan The movement of food safety emergenced due to the rise of using agricultural chemicals and food additive like sweeteners preservatives etc The miss used of agricultural chemicals and food additive was the impact of growth of Japanese economy after War World II most foods mamfacturer used mass production method without consider of food safety The research of this thesis is appliying on qualitative and used descriptive analysis method The analysis data of this research consist of primary data through interviews with JCCU (e mail) On the other hand this research also used books journals articles newsletters and websites for the analysis From the end results of this thesis showed the role of JCCU not only safe guard the food in Japan and also provide safe food products consumed through sanchoku system and food safety laboratory tests providing information regarding food safety JCCU was also able to contribut to the Japanese government to establish the regulations and handling food safety cases in Japan.

Abstrak :
[ ABSTRAK
Jepang sebagai negara industri maju mulai melirik potensi sektor pariwisatanya sebagai salah satu upaya revitalisasi perekonomiannya yang sempat mengalami kemunduran. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai program Visit Japan Campaign (VJC) yang diluncurkan oleh pemerintah Jepang pada tahun 2003 di bawah naungan Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) dan Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) berikut pengaruhnya terhadap revitalisasi ekonomi Jepang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sektor pariwisata yang dipromosikan lewat program tersebut berperan penting dalam revitalisasi ekonomi Jepang sekaligus pemerataan pembangunan dan kesejahteraan masyarakat Jepang.

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ABSTRACT Japan as one of the advanced industrial countries began to look at the potential of the tourism sector as one of the efforts to revitalize its economy that had suffered economic recession. This thesis mainly discusses about the Visit Japan Campaign (VJC) program launched by the Japanese government in 2003 under the auspices of the Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) and the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) following with its impact on Japan?s economic revitalization. Results from this study indicate that the tourism sector which is being promoted through this program plays an important role in Japan?s economic revitalization and promotes equitable development and welfare among Japanese people.;Japan as one of the advanced industrial countries began to look at the potential of the tourism sector as one of the efforts to revitalize its economy that had suffered economic recession. This thesis mainly discusses about the Visit Japan Campaign (VJC) program launched by the Japanese government in 2003 under the auspices of the Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) and the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) following with its impact on Japan?s economic revitalization. Results from this study indicate that the tourism sector which is being promoted through this program plays an important role in Japan?s economic revitalization and promotes equitable development and welfare among Japanese people.;Japan as one of the advanced industrial countries began to look at the potential of the tourism sector as one of the efforts to revitalize its economy that had suffered economic recession. This thesis mainly discusses about the Visit Japan Campaign (VJC) program launched by the Japanese government in 2003 under the auspices of the Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) and the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) following with its impact on Japan?s economic revitalization. Results from this study indicate that the tourism sector which is being promoted through this program plays an important role in Japan?s economic revitalization and promotes equitable development and welfare among Japanese people.;Japan as one of the advanced industrial countries began to look at the potential of the tourism sector as one of the efforts to revitalize its economy that had suffered economic recession. This thesis mainly discusses about the Visit Japan Campaign (VJC) program launched by the Japanese government in 2003 under the auspices of the Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) and the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) following with its impact on Japan?s economic revitalization. Results from this study indicate that the tourism sector which is being promoted through this program plays an important role in Japan?s economic revitalization and promotes equitable development and welfare among Japanese people., Japan as one of the advanced industrial countries began to look at the potential of the tourism sector as one of the efforts to revitalize its economy that had suffered economic recession. This thesis mainly discusses about the Visit Japan Campaign (VJC) program launched by the Japanese government in 2003 under the auspices of the Japan Tourism Agency (JTA) and the Japan National Tourism Organization (JNTO) following with its impact on Japan’s economic revitalization. Results from this study indicate that the tourism sector which is being promoted through this program plays an important role in Japan’s economic revitalization and promotes equitable development and welfare among Japanese people.]