Pendahuluan: Sebanyak 54,13% dari pengguna internet menggunakan internet untuk bermain gim. Prevalensi internet gaming disorder sendiri berkisar antara 0.7%-27.5% yang didominasi oleh remaja. Adiksi gim merupakan perilaku bermain gim yang berlebihan dan bersifat kompulsif, serta menyebabkan masalah bagi individu tersebut. Telah diketahui bahwa adiksi gim menyebabkan perubahan otak secara struktur dan fungsi, sehingga memengaruhi fungsi eksekutif seseorang. Saat ini, studi menunjukkan bahwa perilaku bermain gim yang berlebihan memberikan dampak yang tidak konsisten pada fungsi eksekutif. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara kecenderungan adiksi gim dan fungsi eksekutif pada remaja SMA di Jakarta.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang, dimana penelitian ini dilakukan di bulan Maret 2020 di salah satu SMA swasta di Jakarta, dengan total 53 subjek. Kuesioner Game Addiction Scale-21 (GAS-21) digunakan untuk menilai adiksi gim, dan diisi oleh para remaja SMA. Kuesioner BRIEF-BI digunakan untuk menilai fungsi eksekutif pada remaja dan diisi oleh para orang tua.
Hasil: Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa proporsi adiksi gim adalah sebesar 28,3%, sedangkan proporsi disfungsi eksekutif secara keseluruhan adalah 3,8%. Ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kecenderungan adiksi gim dan memori kerja (p=0,019), perencanaan (p=0,001), dan pengorganisasian material (p=0,046). Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara kecenderungan adiksi gim dan skala inhibisi (p=0,283), adaptasi (p=0,568), kontrol emosional (p=1,000), inisiasi (p=0,283), monitor (p=0,568), indeks BRI (p=0,490), indeks MI (p=0,076), dan GEC (p=0,076).
Kesimpulan: Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara adiksi gim dan fungsi eksekutif secara keseluruhan. Akan tetapi, gim memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan domain-domain yang lebih spesifik dari fungsi eksekutif, yaitu: memori kerja, perencanaan, dan pengorganisasian material. Penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai topik ini tetap diperlukan, dengan menggunakan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dan melibatkan lebih dari satu sekolah. Selain itu, dianjurkan untuk meningkatkan wawasan orang tua, guru, dan remaja mengenai dampak dari adiksi gim serta pengaruhnya terhadap fungsi eksekutif agar dapat lebih mengerti keperluan dan urgensi untuk mencegah terjadinya adiksi gim sedari dini.
Kata kunci: Adiksi gim, fungsi eksekutif, BRIEF-BI, GAS-21, remaja SMA, Jakarta
Introduction: As many as 54.13% of internet users access the internet to play games. The prevalence of internet gaming disorder ranges between 0.7% to 27.5%, predominantly among teenagers. Game addiction is defined as excessive and compulsive gaming that causes problems to oneself. It is known that game addiction causes structural and functional changes to the brain, thereby affecting executive function. Various studies have shown that excessive gaming poses inconsistent effects to executive function. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the tendency of having a gaming addiction and executive function among high school students in Jakarta.
Method: This is a cross sectional study conducted on March 2020 at a private High School in Jakarta, with a total of 53 subjects. The Game Addiction Scale-21 (GAS-21) questionnaire was used to assess the tendency of having a gaming addiction and was filled out by the students. On the other hand, the BRIEF-BI questionnaire was used to assess executive function and was filled out by the parents.
Results: This study finds that the proportion of high school students with a tendency of having a gaming addiction is 28.3%, while the prevalence of global executive dysfunction is 3.8%. There are significant relationships between the tendency of having a gaming addiction and working memory (p=0.019), planning (p=0.001), and organization of materials (p=0.046). There were no significant relationships found between the tendency of having a gaming addiction and inhibition (p=0,283), adaptation (p=0,568), emotional control (p=1,000), initiation (p=0,283), monitor (p=0,568), BRI index (p=0,490), MI index (p=0,076), and GEC (p=0,076).
Discussion: There is no significant relationship between the tendency of having a gaming addiction and executive function in general. However, the tendency of having a gaming addiction is significantly related with specific domains of executive function, which are working memory, planning, and organization of materials. Further study is still needed to assess this topic, with a bigger sample size consisting of students from different schools. It is advised to educate teachers, parents, and high school students, of the effects of game addiction towards exectuve function to better understand the need of early prevention for game addiction.
Key words: Game addiction, executive function, BRIEF-BI, GAS-21, high school students, Jakarta
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh expectancy for character growth (learning, novelty, escapism, enjoyment, social value, audio-visual value, dan value for money) pada game online terhadap online gamer loyalty. Penelitian kuantitatif ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 375 responden. Data diolah dengan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa learning, escapism, audio-visual value dan value for money berpengaruh positif terhadap expectancy for character growth. Sedangkan novelty, enjoyment dan social value tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap expectancy for character growth. Selanjutnya, expectancy for character growth memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap online gamer loyalty.
This study aims to understand the influence of expectancy for character growth (learning, novelty, escapism, enjoyment, social value, audio-visual value, and value for money) on online games to online gamer loyalty. This quantitative research uses a purposive sampling method with a sample of 375 respondents. Data is processed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. The results showed that learning, escapism, audio-visual value and value for money had a positive effect on expectancy for character growth. While novelty, enjoyment and social value do not have an influence on expectancy for character growth. Furthermore, expectancy for character growth has a positive influence on online gamer loyalty.
Industri games berkembang cukup pesat di dunia maupun di Indonesia dan mendatangkan nilai pendapatan yang cukup besar, salah satunya terhadap games PUBG Mobile. Terdapat beberapa sumber pendapatan bagi suatu game, salah satunya berasal dari penjualan in-app features yang juga dilakukan oleh PUBG Mobile. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecanduan PUBG Mobile dan perceived values yang terdiri dari playfulness dan good price terhadap loyalitas kepada PUBG Mobile dan purchase intention in-app features PUBG Mobile. Penelitian ini diolah menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) berdasarkan data responden melalui penyebaran kuesioner secara purposive sampling terhadap pemain PUBG Mobile yang berusia 16 tahun keatas, berdomisili di Indonesia dan belum pernah membeli in-app features PUBG Mobile. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif antara kecanduan PUBG Mobile dan playfulness terhadap loyalitas kepada PUBG Mobile dan purchase intention in-app features PUBG Mobile. Namun untuk good price, hanya terdapat pengaruh positif terhadap purchase intention in-app features PUBG Mobile dan tidak terhadap loyalitas kepada PUBG Mobile. Implikasi manajerial serta saran bagi penelitian selanjutnya akan dibahas lebih lanjut pada penelitian ini.
Games industry is rapidly developing both globally and in Indonesia which results in a big revenue, one of them is towards PUBG Mobile. There are various source of income for a game, one of them is through selling in-ap features that is also being done by PUBG Mobile. The purpose of this research is to know the influence of PUBG Mobile addiction and perceived values that consist of playfulness and good price towards loyalty to PUBG Mobile and purchase intention in-app features PUBG Mobile. This research is analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), based on respondents data collected through questionnaire, that is being done through method of purposive sampling towards PUBG Mobile players, aged 16 and above, who lives in Indonesia and has never bought in-app features of PUBG Mobile. This research proves that there is a positive influence between PUBG Mobile addiction and playfulness towards loyalty to PUBG Mobile and purchase intention in-app features PUBG Mobile. However, for good price, there is only positive influence towards purchase intention in-app features PUBG Mobile and none towards loyalty to PUBG Mobile. Managerial implications and recommendation for the next research will be further explained in this research.