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Abstrak :
The hypersensitive reaction (HR) jn plants is a plant defense system against pathogen attack. HR is characterized by the rapid death of infected cells accompanying the formation of necrotic lessions in which pathogens are thought to be enclosed. Following the early signaling events activated by pathogen attack, the elicitor signals are often amplified through the generation of secondary signal molecules such as salicylic acid (SA) and Jasmonate acid (JA). Some studies have shown thai SA- and JA-signaling pathways are interconnected in complicated ways and it is still not clear how defense response is modulated by SA and JA. To understand better the involvement of JA. the action of MeJA on harpin-induced HR was investigated by using tobacco plant (wildtype and transgenic carrying a chimeric gene of PSPAL2 promoter and GUS gene. Leaves of of tobacco were infiltrated with harpin and MeJA. The results from HR assay and GUS histochemical staining showed that induction of HR by harpin (250 ug/ml) seems to be modulated by 100 uM MeJA. These results suggest that exogenenously application of MeJA will affect the endogenous concentration in plant that will become a switching point for MeJA to lead the potentiation or suppression of defense response.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Erupsi obat alergik EOA tipe sindrom Stevens-Johnson dan nekrolisis epidermal toksik SSJ/NET adalah EOA berat yang jarang terjadi namun dapat mengancam nyawa. Tata laksana utama EOA tipe SSJ/NET saat ini adalah menghentikan pajanan obat penyebab. Di beberapa negara Asia, polimorfisme gen HLA-B telah digunakan sebagai metode skrining pada pemberian obat berisiko tinggi. Tujuan: Mengetahui sebaran obat penyebab dan polimorfisme gen HLA-B pada pasien EOA tipe SSJ/NET di Jakarta. Metode: Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada bulan April ndash; Juni 2017 di RSCM, RS Persahabatan, RS Fatmawati, RSUD Koja, dan RSUD Tarakan. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara total sampling pada pasien EOA tipe SSJ/NET di 5 RS tersebut selama 2 tahun. Dilakukan anamnesis dan penentuan obat dengan algoritma ALDEN dan pemeriksaan typing gen HLA-B dengan metode PCR ndash;SSOP. Hasil: Didapatkan 22 subjek dengan median usia 45,5 tahun dan sebagian besar perempuan. Obat penyebab tersering yang ditemukan adalah karbamazepin. Pada subjek, alel HLA-B yang tersering adalah HLA-B 15:02 dan HLA-B 18:01. Alel HLA-B 15:02 ditemukan pada lima 72 dari tujuh SP dengan obat penyebab karbamazepin. Simpulan: Obat penyebab EOA tipe SSJ/NET yang paling sering ditemukan pada SP adalah karbamazepin, dengan 5 dari 7 SP memiliki gen HLA-B 15:02.

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ABSTRACT
Background Stevens Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis is a very rare but life threatening type of cutaneous drug eruption. The principle management of SJS TEN is withdrawal of causative drug and preventing reexposure to said drug. In other countries in Asia, spesific HLA B allele has already been utilized as a screening method to prevent SJS TEN. Objective to acquire data regarding causative drugs and HLA B allele polymorphism in SJS TEN patient in Jakarta. Method This cross sectional study was performed in RSCM, RS Persahabatan, RS Fatmawati, RSUD Koja, and RSUD Tarakan from April to June 2017. The sampling method is total sampling of all patient in all five hospital from March 2015 to March 2017. Subject fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria was interviewed and their blood sample was taken for DNA extraction. The DNA was examined with PCR SSOP and Luminex technology for high resolution HLA B typing. Results We studied 22 subjects. The median age was 45,4 years old 14 74 and female gender predominate. The most common causative drug in this study is carbamazepine. HLA B 15 02 and HLA B 18 01 were the most common allele in all subjects. HLA B 15 02 was found in five 72 out of seven subjects whose condition was caused by carbamazepine. Conclusion The most common causative drug of SJS TEN in five hospitals in Jakarta is carbamazepine, with five 72 out seven subjects had HLA B 15 02 allele.