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"This paper discusses the implementation of Joint Decree on Ahmadiyah from the perspective of human security as well as the implication of it on JAI members between 2008-2011. Since the release of the Decree in June 2008, the number and form of violence against JAI members in Indonesia has increased significantly. These are the result of the Government's stance that places JAI as a threat to national security, thus ignoring the five principles of human security namely, multilateralism, bottom up approach, priority on human rights, legitimate political authority, and regional consideration. Consequently, the Decree has exacerbated conflict between the majority and the minority Muslim group in Indonesia. It has failed to create peace and fredom from fear, thus this paper recommend the Government to call off the Decree."

"Tesis ini mengkritik pendekatan human security PBB melalui implementsi resolusi Dewan Keamanan PBB 1325 dalam isu kekerasan seksual (pemerkosaan dan perbudakan seksual) di Timor Leste pada masa konflik (1975-1999). Penulis menggunakan metode studi literature dengan dokumen Chega CAVR sebagai rujukan data kekerasan seksual di Timor Leste pada masa konflik. Teori yang digunakan adalah teori feminisme radikal kultural yang menekankan pada tiga konsep dasar, yakni budaya patriarki, power dan penindasan yang berdampak pada gagasan revolusioner untuk mengakhiri penindasan. Penulis ingin menunjukkan proses pengarusutaman gender dalam operasi perdamaian PBB (UNTAET) di Timor Leste sebagai implementasi resolusi 1325 yang berimplikasi pada pembentukan CAVR namun gagal melawan budaya bisu yang disebabkan oleh budaya patriarki. Budaya bisu perempuan Timor Leste ini membentuk impunitas pelaku kekersaan seksual di Timor Leste pada masa konflik dan berlanjut hingga kini. Tesis ini menemukan dua hal, yakni secara teoritis, adanya integrasi pendekatan human security PBB dengan lensa gender dalam isu kekerasan seksual dalam konflik. Secara empiris, CAVR bukanlah implementasi gagasan revolusioner teori feminisme radikal kultural. Mobilitas CAVR hanya merekomendasikan proses peradilan bagi milisi pro-integrasi di Timor Leste tetapi kurang menargetkan militer Indonesia sebagai pelaku utama kekerasan seksual terhadap perempuan Timor Leste pada masa konflik.

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This paper criticizes UN human security approach through the implementation of UN Security Council resolution 1325 on sexual violence issue (rape and sexual slavery) in Timor Leste during the conflict (1975-1999). The method used is literature study with CAVR Chega document as reference for data on sexual violence in Timor Leste during the conflict. The theory used is cultural radical feminism which emphasizes three basic concepts, patriarchal culture, power and oppression impacted on revolutionary ideas to end oppression. The author show gender mainstreaming process in Timor Leste UN peace operations (UNTAET) as the implementation of resolution 1325 and the implications for the foundation of CAVR Commission that failed to change culture of silence caused by patriarchal culture. This silent culture of East Timorese women promotes impunity for perpetrators of sexual assault in Timor Leste during conflict period. This paper discovers two main things: theoretically, the integration of the UN human security approach with gender lens in sexual violence issue during conflict. Empirically, CAVR is not the implementation of revolutionary idea based on cultural radical feminism theory. The CAVR's mobility urges judicial process for pro-integration militias in Timor Leste but lacked demanding on Indonesian military as main perpetrator of sexual violence against East Timorese women during the conflict"

"Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh fenomena konflik Israel-Palestina yang telah berlangsung lama dan menimbulkan banyak korban jiwa, terutama dikalangan Palestina. Korban jiwa tersebut dapat dibagi menjadi dua kelompok besar; korban meninggal dan korban hidup yang kemudian hidup terlunta-lunta sebagai pengungsi. Para pengungsi Palestina inilah yang menjadi fokus utama dari penelitian ini. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisa mengenai bagaimana sikap pemerintahan Israel pada masa pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Ehud Barak terhadap keberadaan para pengungsi Palestina tersebut dilihat dari konsep national security (keamanan nasional) yang dihadapkan pada konsep human security (keamanan insani). Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah studi kasus. Diharapkan dengan menggunakan metode ini, data-data yang digunakan akan menjadi sefokus mungkin sehingga pembahasan akan menjadi sistematis dan mendalam. Dari hasil pengolahan data dapat diungkapkan bahwa Pemerintahan Perdana Menteri Ehud Barak menggunakan konsep human security dari sudut pandang national security Negara Israel sehingga keamanan yang dipertahankan di mata mereka bukanlah mengenai keberadaan pengungsi Palestina melainkan para penduduk Israel yang harus dijaga terlebih dahulu. Bahkan ada kekhawatiran jika para pengungsi Palestina diijinkan kembali ke tempat asal mereka akan mengancam keamanan Negara Israell Dari sisi Palestina sendiri, perjuangan terus dilakukan baik oleh pihak Otoritas Palestina maupun dari para pengungsi yang tersebar di seluruh dunia agar haqul audah (hak untuk kembali) dapat mereka dapatkan. Pada intinya, keberadaan pengungsi Palestina ini merupakan sesuatu hai yang sangat perlu mendapat perhatian dunia internasional selama sikap pemerintah Israel dalam memandang permasalahan ini selalu dari sisi kepentingan mereka sendiri.

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This research was triggered by Israel-Palestine conflict whicb has been lasting for long time and causing so many casualties, especially in Paiestinian side. The casualties can be divided into two main categories: the deads and the refugees. This Paiestinian refugees i s the main focus in this research. The main purpose of this research is to analize how Israeli govemment in Ehud Barak administration behave toward Paiestinian refugees issues on the base of national security and human security. Research methods used in this research is case study. By using this method, the datas are expected to be so as focus as possible that the explanation can be systematic and deep. It can be said that Ehud Barak administration used human security concept from national security of Israel point of view. Hence, security in their view is not about the existence of Paiestinian refugees bot, instead, Israeli people must be guarded as well as possible. Even, there is a anxiety if the Paiestinian refugees are allowed to come back to their home, they will threat Israeli national security! On the Paiestinian side, the struggle still keeps being fought either by Paiestinian Outhority or by the refugees who spread out all over the world in order to get haqul audah (right of return) back. In essence, the existence of Paiestinian refugees is something which needs strong concern from whole world as long as Israeli govemment always look this issue only from its point of view."

"As the international society continue to witness varying forms of threats to humanity, the concept of human security as introduced by the state has constantly been challenged for its inadequacy to capture and address the realities of human insecurity. The silver lining of this situation, however, relies on how those mainstream ideas of human securities are continuously contested and redefined through the medium of art. Through the use of alternative public and transnational space, art represents sincere aspirations of the people and facilitate them to realize their vision of their own-and others-in)securities, beyond the imaginary, yet powerful, wall of sovereignty which serve the national and rational interests of the powerful actors."

"Meningkatnya kebutuhan berbagai negara di dunia akan CPO berdampak pada meningkatnya tekanan terhadap produksi buah kelapa sawit. Konflik yang terjadi antara Korporasi dan masyarakat adat Suku Anak Dalam di Batang Hari merupakan konflik yang terjadi akibat perebutan akses terhadap sumber daya alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif yang ditujukan untuk menganalisis hubungan pemerintah, korporasi dan masyarakat dalam penyelesaian konflik yang terjadi antara PT. Asiatic Persada dan masyarakat adat suku anak dalam.Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa dalam perspektif ekologi politik, konflik yang terjadi merupakan konflik dalam memperebutkan akses terhadap sumber daya yang membuat masyarakat menjadi landless dan termarjinalkan secara ekonomi dan sosial. Hubungan antara tiga aktor yang terlibat langsung dalam konflik memperlihatkan perusahaan lebih mendominasi dan berkuasa atas pemerintah dan masyarakat.

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With the growing number of demands from nations across the globe for Crude Palm Oil is bringing result on the increase of pressure to the production of palm fruit. The conflict happened between corporation and indigenous people, suku anak dalam, in Batang Hari is a contest for the access to natural resource. This research was conducted by using qualitative method which inted to analyze the relation among government, corporation and society in resolving conflict between PT. Asiatic Persada and indigenous people, suku anak dalam.

The result of research reveals that in ecological politic perspective, the conflict occurred as the result of the contest for the access to natural resource which made suku anak dalam become landless dan marginalized economically and socially. The relation among the three stakeholders involved in conflict shows that corporation is more dominating and become more powerful than government and society."

"Human security : securing East Asia’s future timely examines the fundamental issues causing human insecurities and evaluates the extent of which human security plays a role at the state and regional levels. Covering the different areas of threats to humans and applying case study materials, this volume provides an intellectual mix of perspectives that captures the relationship between people, state and region. "

"This paper is discussing the small arms and light weapons (SALW) problems in Indonesia as a security threat since it has given impacts to human security. The threat of SALW has been based on several of its aspects. Therefore it is required the appropriate national responses in the form of national policy that can effectively and comprehensively deal with those aspects. The result shows that Indonesia at this point still lacks of nationally adopted definition of SALW and requires more comprehensive policies to counter its characteristic, distribution and the motive of usage. In summary, Indonesian national policy on SALW is yet unable to handle the aspects of SALW which can be a source of threat to individual, society and state."

"[ABSTRAKKondisi human security bagi perempuan dan anak, maupun ketahanan keluarga rentan tidak terpenuhi dalam perkawinan siri. Penelitian kualitatif ini mencoba untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi dan bagaimana bentuk perlindungan yang diberikan negara dalam mengatasi dampak yang timbul dari perkawinan siri. Melalui wawancara mendalam yang dilakukan dengan institusi negara di bidang kependudukan, perkawinan, perlindungan perempuan dan anak, diketahui bahwa negara melarang perkawinan siri karena tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum yang membuat negara sulit untuk dapat melakukan perlindungan. Isbat nikah menjadi solusi untuk memperoleh status perkawinan yang sah, sehingga perempuan dan anak dapat memperoleh haknya sebagai anggota keluarga, sebagai warga negara, mencapai kondisi human security, dan ketahanan keluarga.

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ABSTRACTHuman security for women and children, also family resilience are vulnerable not fulfilled in siri marriage. This qualitative research is trying to determine how perceptions and how a form of protection given by the state in overcoming the effects of siri marriage. Through in-depth interviews were conducted with state institutions in the field of demography, marriages, protection of women and children, it is known that the state prohibits siri marriage because it has no legal power that makes it difficult for state to be able to do the protection. Isbat nikah could to be the solution to obtain a legal marriage status, so that women and children can obtain their rights as family members, as citizens, achieving human security conditions, and achiecing the family resilience., Human security for women and children, also family resilience are vulnerable not fulfilled in siri marriage. This qualitative research is trying to determine how perceptions and how a form of protection given by the state in overcoming the effects of siri marriage. Through in-depth interviews were conducted with state institutions in the field of demography, marriages, protection of women and children, it is known that the state prohibits siri marriage because it has no legal power that makes it difficult for state to be able to do the protection. Isbat nikah could to be the solution to obtain a legal marriage status, so that women and children can obtain their rights as family members, as citizens, achieving human security conditions, and achiecing the family resilience.]"

"Tulisan ini secara khusus menyoroti masalah keamanan manusia (human securityj sebaga, satu konsep dan pendekatan keamanan yang semakin mendapatkan perhatian baik dari kalangan akademisi maupun praktisi masalah keamanan nasional. Masalah utama yang hendak disorot melalui konsep keamanan manusia adalah dommasi negara dan aparatnya dalam mendefinisikan, membuat serta menerapkan kebijakan keamanan nasional, yang amat menekankan faktor keamanan berdasarkan tentorial, kalkulasi militer dan stabilitas politik, yang tidak jarang mengesampingkan - bahkan menafikan - kepentingan dan kebutuhan orang-per-orang akan keamanan yang lebih komprehensif. Adanya dominasi negara yang terkadang berlebihan inilah yang kemudian menjadi salah satu pemicu utama munculnya desakan bagi implementasi kebijakan keamanan yang lebih komprehensif, termasuk dengan memasukkan komponen-komponen keamanan manusia. "